COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IN
CANADA 3RD EDITION STANHOPE TEST
BANK ACTUAL EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
⩥ What is advocacy in community health nursing? Answer: The
application of information and resources to effect systemic changes in
community health.
⩥ What are the three stages of the conceptual framework for public
health advocacy? Answer: Information stage, strategy stage, and action
stage.
⩥ What is the Harm Principle? Answer: Justifies restricting individual
liberties to prevent harm to others.
⩥ What does the Principle of Least Restrictive Means emphasize?
Answer: Using the least coercive means to achieve public health needs.
⩥ What is the Reciprocity Principle? Answer: Society must support
individuals and communities in complying with public health
interventions.
,⩥ What is health promotion as defined by the Ottawa Charter? Answer:
A strategy to enable people to increase control over the determinants of
health and thereby improve their health.
⩥ What role do community health nurses (CHNs) play in health
promotion? Answer: CHNs promote health in environmental, political,
and social contexts using a community health nursing process.
⩥ How was health defined in the early to mid-1900s? Answer: As the
absence of disease, measured by morbidity and mortality statistics.
⩥ What definition of health did the World Health Organization (WHO)
issue in 1947? Answer: A state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
⩥ What does the Ottawa Charter state about achieving health? Answer:
Individuals or groups must be able to identify and realize aspirations,
satisfy needs, and cope with the environment.
⩥ What is injury prevention? Answer: Using strategies to help
populations and individuals prevent and reduce the risk of injury.
⩥ What is the difference between disease and illness? Answer: Disease
refers to abnormal alterations in the body, while illness is an individual's
personal experience and reaction to a disease.
, ⩥ What are the three levels of disease prevention? Answer: Primary
prevention (prevent occurrence), secondary prevention (detect and stop
development), and tertiary prevention (reduce negative effects).
⩥ What is health protection? Answer: Focuses on health maintenance by
addressing immediate health risks.
⩥ What does health enhancement aim to achieve? Answer: To increase
health and resiliency to promote optimal health and well-being.
⩥ What is harm reduction? Answer: Strategies aimed at reducing harm
to individuals or society by modifying hazardous behaviors.
⩥ What are risk factors? Answer: Variables that create stress and
challenge health status, such as hypertension being a risk factor for
CVA.
⩥ What are protective factors? Answer: Variables like literacy and social
support that help manage stressors associated with being at risk.
⩥ What was the significance of the Lalonde Report (1974)? Answer: It
introduced health promotion and shifted focus from a biomedical view
to considering lifestyle and environmental determinants of health.
CANADA 3RD EDITION STANHOPE TEST
BANK ACTUAL EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
⩥ What is advocacy in community health nursing? Answer: The
application of information and resources to effect systemic changes in
community health.
⩥ What are the three stages of the conceptual framework for public
health advocacy? Answer: Information stage, strategy stage, and action
stage.
⩥ What is the Harm Principle? Answer: Justifies restricting individual
liberties to prevent harm to others.
⩥ What does the Principle of Least Restrictive Means emphasize?
Answer: Using the least coercive means to achieve public health needs.
⩥ What is the Reciprocity Principle? Answer: Society must support
individuals and communities in complying with public health
interventions.
,⩥ What is health promotion as defined by the Ottawa Charter? Answer:
A strategy to enable people to increase control over the determinants of
health and thereby improve their health.
⩥ What role do community health nurses (CHNs) play in health
promotion? Answer: CHNs promote health in environmental, political,
and social contexts using a community health nursing process.
⩥ How was health defined in the early to mid-1900s? Answer: As the
absence of disease, measured by morbidity and mortality statistics.
⩥ What definition of health did the World Health Organization (WHO)
issue in 1947? Answer: A state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
⩥ What does the Ottawa Charter state about achieving health? Answer:
Individuals or groups must be able to identify and realize aspirations,
satisfy needs, and cope with the environment.
⩥ What is injury prevention? Answer: Using strategies to help
populations and individuals prevent and reduce the risk of injury.
⩥ What is the difference between disease and illness? Answer: Disease
refers to abnormal alterations in the body, while illness is an individual's
personal experience and reaction to a disease.
, ⩥ What are the three levels of disease prevention? Answer: Primary
prevention (prevent occurrence), secondary prevention (detect and stop
development), and tertiary prevention (reduce negative effects).
⩥ What is health protection? Answer: Focuses on health maintenance by
addressing immediate health risks.
⩥ What does health enhancement aim to achieve? Answer: To increase
health and resiliency to promote optimal health and well-being.
⩥ What is harm reduction? Answer: Strategies aimed at reducing harm
to individuals or society by modifying hazardous behaviors.
⩥ What are risk factors? Answer: Variables that create stress and
challenge health status, such as hypertension being a risk factor for
CVA.
⩥ What are protective factors? Answer: Variables like literacy and social
support that help manage stressors associated with being at risk.
⩥ What was the significance of the Lalonde Report (1974)? Answer: It
introduced health promotion and shifted focus from a biomedical view
to considering lifestyle and environmental determinants of health.
