Trauma and Critical Care Review (TCAR),
SSM — Comprehensive Trauma &
Emergency Care Study Guide
Introduction:
This document provides an in-depth question-and-answer
review of trauma and critical care concepts, including
hemorrhage management, shock physiology, transfusion
protocols, thoracic and abdominal trauma, traumatic brain
injury, sepsis, orthopedic injuries, and emergency
resuscitation strategies. It is designed for exam preparation
and rapid clinical recall, with practical explanations aligned to
trauma, ICU, and emergency care practice.
Exam Questions and Answers:
when are plt transfusions indicated ---Correct Answer---for
non-specific coagulation deficiencies and volume resuscitation
shelf life of plasma ---Correct Answer---7 years
,how long does it take to thaw FFP ---Correct Answer---15 - 30
minutes
what is taken out of cryoprecipitate ---Correct Answer---water
and albumin
what do you use to make cryoprecipitate ---Correct Answer---
FFP
ROTEM ---Correct Answer---method of measuring hemostasis
quality via the visoelastic properties of a blood clot and is
designed for patient blood management
-rapid assessment of clot development (clot formation, clot
firmness, and clot fibrinolysis)
metabolic derangement ---Correct Answer---
what do hemophilias need ---Correct Answer---clotting factors
what type of blood products do burn pt need ---Correct
Answer---plasma
,coagulopathies ---Correct Answer---
what do we do if we don't have whole blood for trauma
patientsq ---Correct Answer---we can remake it
1:1:1 damage control resuscitation
RBC:FFP:plt
components of damage control resuscitation ---Correct
Answer---1:1:1
RBC:FFP:plt
2 problems in traumatic bvleeding ---Correct Answer---
anatomica problem = mechanical bleeding. stop/plug holes
then replace volume
coagulpathy bleeding: physicaologica bleeding. can't fix int eh
OR. needs goal directed treatment
Trauma Induced Coagulopathy ---Correct Answer---developed
r/t factors released from damaged cells, tissue hypo perfusion
(shock), hypothermia, acidosis, inflammation
accelerates fibrinolysis = dissolves clots
, machine used to evaluate bloods ability to clot ---Correct
Answer---ROTEM
how do we stop bleeding in a patient with trauma induced
coagulpathies ---Correct Answer---directed replacement. needs
to identify where in the coagulation cascade the problem is
happening (ROTEM or TEG
*provides us a visual representation of clot formation and lysis
can recommend specific interveionts
rx for hemorrhage patients ---Correct Answer---TXA, Riastap,
Novoseven
stimulates clot formation or inhibits clot breakdown
Cullen's sign ---Correct Answer---ecchymosis in umbilical
area, seen with pancreatitis
bruising around the umbilicus ---Correct Answer---cullen
s sign
indication of Cullen's sign ---Correct Answer---pancreatitis
SSM — Comprehensive Trauma &
Emergency Care Study Guide
Introduction:
This document provides an in-depth question-and-answer
review of trauma and critical care concepts, including
hemorrhage management, shock physiology, transfusion
protocols, thoracic and abdominal trauma, traumatic brain
injury, sepsis, orthopedic injuries, and emergency
resuscitation strategies. It is designed for exam preparation
and rapid clinical recall, with practical explanations aligned to
trauma, ICU, and emergency care practice.
Exam Questions and Answers:
when are plt transfusions indicated ---Correct Answer---for
non-specific coagulation deficiencies and volume resuscitation
shelf life of plasma ---Correct Answer---7 years
,how long does it take to thaw FFP ---Correct Answer---15 - 30
minutes
what is taken out of cryoprecipitate ---Correct Answer---water
and albumin
what do you use to make cryoprecipitate ---Correct Answer---
FFP
ROTEM ---Correct Answer---method of measuring hemostasis
quality via the visoelastic properties of a blood clot and is
designed for patient blood management
-rapid assessment of clot development (clot formation, clot
firmness, and clot fibrinolysis)
metabolic derangement ---Correct Answer---
what do hemophilias need ---Correct Answer---clotting factors
what type of blood products do burn pt need ---Correct
Answer---plasma
,coagulopathies ---Correct Answer---
what do we do if we don't have whole blood for trauma
patientsq ---Correct Answer---we can remake it
1:1:1 damage control resuscitation
RBC:FFP:plt
components of damage control resuscitation ---Correct
Answer---1:1:1
RBC:FFP:plt
2 problems in traumatic bvleeding ---Correct Answer---
anatomica problem = mechanical bleeding. stop/plug holes
then replace volume
coagulpathy bleeding: physicaologica bleeding. can't fix int eh
OR. needs goal directed treatment
Trauma Induced Coagulopathy ---Correct Answer---developed
r/t factors released from damaged cells, tissue hypo perfusion
(shock), hypothermia, acidosis, inflammation
accelerates fibrinolysis = dissolves clots
, machine used to evaluate bloods ability to clot ---Correct
Answer---ROTEM
how do we stop bleeding in a patient with trauma induced
coagulpathies ---Correct Answer---directed replacement. needs
to identify where in the coagulation cascade the problem is
happening (ROTEM or TEG
*provides us a visual representation of clot formation and lysis
can recommend specific interveionts
rx for hemorrhage patients ---Correct Answer---TXA, Riastap,
Novoseven
stimulates clot formation or inhibits clot breakdown
Cullen's sign ---Correct Answer---ecchymosis in umbilical
area, seen with pancreatitis
bruising around the umbilicus ---Correct Answer---cullen
s sign
indication of Cullen's sign ---Correct Answer---pancreatitis
