Psych 2010- Chapter 8 Test Bank Questions With Complete
Solutions
____ has had the greatest influence on our understanding of
cognitive development.
A. Lev Vygotsky
B. Sigmund Freud
C. B.F. Skinner
D. Jean Piaget Correct Answers D
____ is demonstrated in a liquid conservation test by pouring the
liquid back into its first
container.
A. Reversibility
B. Mental seriation
C. Cereal processing
D. Context-dependent transitivity Correct Answers A
____ is the process by which children combine existing schemes
into more complex intellectual schemes.
A. Organization
B. Conservation
C. Formal operation
D. Assimilation Correct Answers A
____ means that the child understands that an object's basic
traits remain the same even when its appearance has changed.
A. Conservation
B. Object constancy
C. Concrete stability
D. Representational insight Correct Answers A
,____ refers to children's changes in mental abilities over their
lifetime.
A. Longitudinal decalage
B. Neo-nativistic centration
C. Phylogenetic development
D. Cognitive development Correct Answers D
____ refers to the activity of knowing and acquiring knowledge.
A. Horizontal decalage
B. Organization
C. Scaffolding
D. Cognition Correct Answers D
"Adaptation" has many varied meanings, but to Piaget, it meant
A. minimizing parent/child conflicts through discussion.
B. habituating to the environment's stabilities.
C. making adjustments in response to the environment's
demands.
D. modifying the organism's genotype. Correct Answers C
"Concrete operators" are
A. school-age children who do rough-and-tumble play.
B. children of elementary school age.
C. makers of durable heavy toys.
D. users of durable heavy toys. Correct Answers B
"If it walks, talks, and looks like a duck, then it is a duck." This
statement will make good sense to a young preschooler who has
not yet mastered
A. the appearance/reality distinction.
,B. hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
C. the scaffolding principle.
D. object permanence Correct Answers A
"Inner experimentation" becomes possible during Piaget's ____
substage of the sensorimotor stage.
A. secondary circular reactions
B. coordination of secondary schemes
C. tertiary circular reactions
D. symbolic problem-solving Correct Answers D
"Play money" may seem real to the preschooler who does not
yet understand
A. conservation principles.
B. the A-not-B search error.
C. the appearance/reality distinction.
D. the relational logic of transitivity. Correct Answers C
"Theory" theories, which portray the infant as testing hypotheses
about the world,
A. are nurture-oriented, emphasizing experiential learning.
B. are nature-oriented, with neonativistic innate knowledge.
C. are constructivistic, like Piaget's theory.
D. combine elements of neo-nativism and constructivism.
Correct Answers D
A chef says, "The recipe for goo-rolls is specific. You must do
all 15 steps in the exact stated order." This recipe illustrates the
principle of
A. invariant sequence.
B. symbolic and behavioral schemes.
, C. transitivity.
D. egocentrism. Correct Answers A
A child knows that Texas is bigger than Utah, and that Utah is
bigger than Maine. The child shows ____ by saying that Texas
is bigger than Maine.
A. horizontal decalage
B. diagonal decalage
C. transitivity
D. seriation Correct Answers C
A child who makes the "A-not-B error" with hidden/lost objects
will
A. search at the place where the object was last seen.
B. fail to do any search for the missing object.
C. start to search, then promptly quit.
D. search for a hidden object where she previously found it even
after she saw it get moved to a new location. Correct Answers
D
A child with a theory of mind becomes capable of
A. wondering what others are thinking about her.
B. applying animism to all areas of thought.
C. overcoming cognitive equilibrium.
D. understanding object permanence. Correct Answers A
A criticism of Piaget was that he did not distinguish competence
from performance. This implies that
A. real competence might not be shown on particular tests.
B. a performance test typically overestimates competence.
C. the examiner might cheat on the scoring of performance.
Solutions
____ has had the greatest influence on our understanding of
cognitive development.
A. Lev Vygotsky
B. Sigmund Freud
C. B.F. Skinner
D. Jean Piaget Correct Answers D
____ is demonstrated in a liquid conservation test by pouring the
liquid back into its first
container.
A. Reversibility
B. Mental seriation
C. Cereal processing
D. Context-dependent transitivity Correct Answers A
____ is the process by which children combine existing schemes
into more complex intellectual schemes.
A. Organization
B. Conservation
C. Formal operation
D. Assimilation Correct Answers A
____ means that the child understands that an object's basic
traits remain the same even when its appearance has changed.
A. Conservation
B. Object constancy
C. Concrete stability
D. Representational insight Correct Answers A
,____ refers to children's changes in mental abilities over their
lifetime.
A. Longitudinal decalage
B. Neo-nativistic centration
C. Phylogenetic development
D. Cognitive development Correct Answers D
____ refers to the activity of knowing and acquiring knowledge.
A. Horizontal decalage
B. Organization
C. Scaffolding
D. Cognition Correct Answers D
"Adaptation" has many varied meanings, but to Piaget, it meant
A. minimizing parent/child conflicts through discussion.
B. habituating to the environment's stabilities.
C. making adjustments in response to the environment's
demands.
D. modifying the organism's genotype. Correct Answers C
"Concrete operators" are
A. school-age children who do rough-and-tumble play.
B. children of elementary school age.
C. makers of durable heavy toys.
D. users of durable heavy toys. Correct Answers B
"If it walks, talks, and looks like a duck, then it is a duck." This
statement will make good sense to a young preschooler who has
not yet mastered
A. the appearance/reality distinction.
,B. hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
C. the scaffolding principle.
D. object permanence Correct Answers A
"Inner experimentation" becomes possible during Piaget's ____
substage of the sensorimotor stage.
A. secondary circular reactions
B. coordination of secondary schemes
C. tertiary circular reactions
D. symbolic problem-solving Correct Answers D
"Play money" may seem real to the preschooler who does not
yet understand
A. conservation principles.
B. the A-not-B search error.
C. the appearance/reality distinction.
D. the relational logic of transitivity. Correct Answers C
"Theory" theories, which portray the infant as testing hypotheses
about the world,
A. are nurture-oriented, emphasizing experiential learning.
B. are nature-oriented, with neonativistic innate knowledge.
C. are constructivistic, like Piaget's theory.
D. combine elements of neo-nativism and constructivism.
Correct Answers D
A chef says, "The recipe for goo-rolls is specific. You must do
all 15 steps in the exact stated order." This recipe illustrates the
principle of
A. invariant sequence.
B. symbolic and behavioral schemes.
, C. transitivity.
D. egocentrism. Correct Answers A
A child knows that Texas is bigger than Utah, and that Utah is
bigger than Maine. The child shows ____ by saying that Texas
is bigger than Maine.
A. horizontal decalage
B. diagonal decalage
C. transitivity
D. seriation Correct Answers C
A child who makes the "A-not-B error" with hidden/lost objects
will
A. search at the place where the object was last seen.
B. fail to do any search for the missing object.
C. start to search, then promptly quit.
D. search for a hidden object where she previously found it even
after she saw it get moved to a new location. Correct Answers
D
A child with a theory of mind becomes capable of
A. wondering what others are thinking about her.
B. applying animism to all areas of thought.
C. overcoming cognitive equilibrium.
D. understanding object permanence. Correct Answers A
A criticism of Piaget was that he did not distinguish competence
from performance. This implies that
A. real competence might not be shown on particular tests.
B. a performance test typically overestimates competence.
C. the examiner might cheat on the scoring of performance.
