BIO 230 UPDATED EXAM SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different? - ✔✔*Prokaryotic cells come
before the nucleus, usually smaller, single cell, no membrane- bound organelles
*Eukaryotic cells are usually bigger, Has multi-cellular, contains membrane bound
organelles and nucleus
✔✔What kinds of organisms are prokaryotes? - ✔✔bacteria, archae
✔✔What kinds of organisms are eukaryotes? - ✔✔humans, plants, yeast (fungus),
amoeba (protist)
✔✔What is the Endosymbiotic Theory of the origins eukaryotes? - ✔✔Endo= Inside
Symbiotic= Life working together.
✔✔What is the evidence for this theory? - ✔✔#1 Mitochondria and chloroplasts
have ribosomes
similar to the ribosomes
in bacteria (prokaryotes)
#2 Mitochondria and chloroplasts
have circular DNA
similar to the circular DNA
in bacteria (prokaryotes)
✔✔Who is Lynn Margulis? - ✔✔American biologist whose serial endosymbiotic theory
of eukaryotic cell development revolutionized the modern concept of how life arose on
Earth
✔✔Where are organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts thought to have come
from? - ✔✔*Some organelles in eukaryotes were likely one free-living prokaryotes
(mitochondria)
✔✔If a cell were the size of our lecture hall, how would you explain to a friend how big a
water molecule would be? - ✔✔mitochobdria the size of a life rafts, ribosomes the size
of galf balls, Proteins the size of marbles, water molecles the size of poppy seeds.
✔✔Which is usually bigger, an organelle or a cell? - ✔✔A cell is bigger than an
organelle
✔✔A glucose molecule or an organelle? - ✔✔an organelle is bigger than a glucose
molecule
, ✔✔A DNA molecule or a carbon atom? - ✔✔DNA molecules are bigger than carbon
atoms
✔✔A virus or a protein molecule? - ✔✔virus is bigger than a protein molecule
✔✔clicker questions - ✔✔
✔✔How would you respond to someone who told you not to eat Altoids because they
cause mad cow disease? - ✔✔Mad cow disease is in engand aloids are made in the
united states
✔✔Were these sources primary, secondary, tertiary, or hearsay sources? - ✔✔primary
and secondary
✔✔What are prions? Are they considered living? Why or why not? - ✔✔prions are
proteins that can cause infection or disease. they are not living because they don't
contain cells.
✔✔Who is Stanley Prusiner? What was his contribution to understanding prions and
mad cow disease? - ✔✔Stanley prusiner discovered the prion A misfolded protein. He
found out that prion was on of the main causes brain disease their for leading to the
discovery of mad cow disease.
✔✔What are the four main classes of biological macromolecules and their primary
functions? - ✔✔carbohydrates: Energy
proteins: do stuff
lipids: stores energy
nucleic acids : Stores genes
✔✔What are examples of each of these four main classes of macromolecules? -
✔✔Carbohydrates: Starch and Sugar
proteins: prions, muscles,
lipids: Fats, cholesterol, Membranes
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA
✔✔How would you explain the difference between covalent, ionic, and hydrogen
bonds? - ✔✔=Hydrogen Bonds: When the peanut
butter sandwich (electrons) of the kid sitting
next to you smells good (is attractive). ***WEAK BONDS
=Covalent Bonds: When you and a buddy
share a peanut butter sandwich (electrons)
between the two of you. ***STRONG BOND
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different? - ✔✔*Prokaryotic cells come
before the nucleus, usually smaller, single cell, no membrane- bound organelles
*Eukaryotic cells are usually bigger, Has multi-cellular, contains membrane bound
organelles and nucleus
✔✔What kinds of organisms are prokaryotes? - ✔✔bacteria, archae
✔✔What kinds of organisms are eukaryotes? - ✔✔humans, plants, yeast (fungus),
amoeba (protist)
✔✔What is the Endosymbiotic Theory of the origins eukaryotes? - ✔✔Endo= Inside
Symbiotic= Life working together.
✔✔What is the evidence for this theory? - ✔✔#1 Mitochondria and chloroplasts
have ribosomes
similar to the ribosomes
in bacteria (prokaryotes)
#2 Mitochondria and chloroplasts
have circular DNA
similar to the circular DNA
in bacteria (prokaryotes)
✔✔Who is Lynn Margulis? - ✔✔American biologist whose serial endosymbiotic theory
of eukaryotic cell development revolutionized the modern concept of how life arose on
Earth
✔✔Where are organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts thought to have come
from? - ✔✔*Some organelles in eukaryotes were likely one free-living prokaryotes
(mitochondria)
✔✔If a cell were the size of our lecture hall, how would you explain to a friend how big a
water molecule would be? - ✔✔mitochobdria the size of a life rafts, ribosomes the size
of galf balls, Proteins the size of marbles, water molecles the size of poppy seeds.
✔✔Which is usually bigger, an organelle or a cell? - ✔✔A cell is bigger than an
organelle
✔✔A glucose molecule or an organelle? - ✔✔an organelle is bigger than a glucose
molecule
, ✔✔A DNA molecule or a carbon atom? - ✔✔DNA molecules are bigger than carbon
atoms
✔✔A virus or a protein molecule? - ✔✔virus is bigger than a protein molecule
✔✔clicker questions - ✔✔
✔✔How would you respond to someone who told you not to eat Altoids because they
cause mad cow disease? - ✔✔Mad cow disease is in engand aloids are made in the
united states
✔✔Were these sources primary, secondary, tertiary, or hearsay sources? - ✔✔primary
and secondary
✔✔What are prions? Are they considered living? Why or why not? - ✔✔prions are
proteins that can cause infection or disease. they are not living because they don't
contain cells.
✔✔Who is Stanley Prusiner? What was his contribution to understanding prions and
mad cow disease? - ✔✔Stanley prusiner discovered the prion A misfolded protein. He
found out that prion was on of the main causes brain disease their for leading to the
discovery of mad cow disease.
✔✔What are the four main classes of biological macromolecules and their primary
functions? - ✔✔carbohydrates: Energy
proteins: do stuff
lipids: stores energy
nucleic acids : Stores genes
✔✔What are examples of each of these four main classes of macromolecules? -
✔✔Carbohydrates: Starch and Sugar
proteins: prions, muscles,
lipids: Fats, cholesterol, Membranes
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA
✔✔How would you explain the difference between covalent, ionic, and hydrogen
bonds? - ✔✔=Hydrogen Bonds: When the peanut
butter sandwich (electrons) of the kid sitting
next to you smells good (is attractive). ***WEAK BONDS
=Covalent Bonds: When you and a buddy
share a peanut butter sandwich (electrons)
between the two of you. ***STRONG BOND
