BELEIDSINFORMATIESYSTEMEN
Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: business information Systems, Strategy and governance.....................................3
Part A: What is a BIS?.............................................................................................................. 3
Motivatie van het gebruik van BIS: Motivation.....................................................................3
Business Information Systems............................................................................................. 4
Business Information System Types..................................................................................... 7
Part B: IS Strategy................................................................................................................. 10
Gaining competitive advantage through IS........................................................................10
Business strategy: Porter’s competitive forces model.......................................................10
Competitive advantage and IS: value chain model............................................................13
Linking business strategy and IS strategy: Henderson & Venkatraman’s strategic
alignment model................................................................................................................ 16
Part C : IT Governance.......................................................................................................... 18
Corporate governance....................................................................................................... 18
internal control and governance frameworks.....................................................................20
IS Governance: information systems governance..............................................................21
Hoofdstuk 2 ENterprise architecture........................................................................................ 24
Ter inleiding op dit deel van het vak:................................................................................. 24
H2: De eerste grote taak van zakenlui in IS-projecten Het definiëren van vereisten.........25
Hoofdstuk 1.3 Zachman raamwerk.................................................................................... 28
Hoofdstuk 3: informatiemanagement....................................................................................... 28
EER/UMl.............................................................................................................................. 28
Sectie 3.2: Het ER-model: Entity Relationship-Model.........................................................29
Het relationele model......................................................................................................... 33
Sectie 3.4 : werken met SQL voor eindgebruikers – Structured Query Language..............37
Hoofdstuk 4 Business Process Management............................................................................45
Business process management : BPM................................................................................45
BPMN: business process modeling notation.......................................................................48
IS layer: business process enactment => implementatie..................................................52
Hoofdstuk 6 Creating value with IT.......................................................................................... 54
IS succes?.............................................................................................................................. 54
What is IS succes? Het DeLone & McLean model...............................................................54
1
, Hoe bekom je success?...................................................................................................... 55
Hoofdstuk 5 : Business Intelligence and analytics....................................................................62
Part A: introduction............................................................................................................... 62
Digitalization...................................................................................................................... 62
Data scientist..................................................................................................................... 63
Types of Data..................................................................................................................... 63
Credit risk modelling: kredietrisicomodellering..................................................................65
Fraud Analytics.................................................................................................................. 65
Marketing analytics............................................................................................................ 66
HR analytics....................................................................................................................... 69
Analytics............................................................................................................................ 70
Part B : Datawarehousing and Business Intelligence.............................................................71
Setting the stage................................................................................................................ 71
Data Warehouse definition................................................................................................. 72
Data warehouse design...................................................................................................... 73
Specific Schema issues...................................................................................................... 74
Data warehouse architecture............................................................................................. 75
Data warehouse usage....................................................................................................... 78
Part C: predictive analytics.................................................................................................... 81
Predictive analytics............................................................................................................ 81
Decision trees.................................................................................................................... 82
K-nearest neighbor classifier.............................................................................................. 84
How to measure performance............................................................................................ 85
Part D : Descriptive analytics................................................................................................ 88
Clustering........................................................................................................................... 88
Association rules................................................................................................................ 90
Sequence rules.................................................................................................................. 92
Hoofdstuk 7 E-business............................................................................................................ 93
Part A : Introduction.............................................................................................................. 93
Economic impact................................................................................................................ 97
Part B: Business models on the web................................................................................... 101
E-commerce business and revenues models...................................................................101
B2C business models....................................................................................................... 102
B2B business models....................................................................................................... 107
2
, Bitcoin, cryptocurrency and blockchain..............................................................................113
Bitcoin:............................................................................................................................. 114
How does the system work?............................................................................................. 114
Why was bitcoin necessary?............................................................................................ 116
Why is bitcoin valuable?................................................................................................... 117
Back to blockchain:.......................................................................................................... 117
Some applications of blockchain:..................................................................................... 118
Benefits of using blockchain for organizations:................................................................118
Challenges of implementing blockchain in a business context:.......................................118
Part C: on-line advertising................................................................................................... 119
Setting the stage.............................................................................................................. 119
Types............................................................................................................................... 119
Pricing models.................................................................................................................. 125
Concerns.......................................................................................................................... 126
Part D: web analytics.......................................................................................................... 131
Setting the Stage............................................................................................................. 131
Clickstream Data Collection Techniques..........................................................................132
Web metrics/ webstatistieken:......................................................................................... 134
From Metrics to Actionable Insights................................................................................. 138
Experiment and Test........................................................................................................ 140
HOOFDSTUK 1: BUSINESS INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
STRATEGY AND GOVERNANCE
Part A: What is a BIS?
MOTIVATIE VAN HET GEBRUIK VAN BIS: MOTIVATION
Strategische ondersteuners van een organisatie
Why do we need IT?
- It becomes a critical part of the company’s DNA
- Voortdurende druk van digitale disruption (Under pressure of digital disruption):
voortdurend nieuwe IT-ontwikkelingen die zeer interessante mogelijkheden bieden voor
bedrijven
- Voorbeelden digitale disruptors: -> verstoren de werking en bieden nieuwe strategische
mogelijkheden om toegevoegde waarde te creëren
o Slimme sensoren
o Drones
o Zelfrijdende auto’s
3
, - Companies can’t afford to work in the same old ways
- Technologies and processes are only becoming more sophisticated: bv. E-business ->
moesten websites gaan ontwikkelen, producten online verkopen => complete
reorganisatie van de bestaande bedrijfsmodellen
- IT must join business to think systematically about how to phase in new digital
technologies: je hebt in bedrijven tegenwoordig twee soorten mensen namelijk IT-
mensen (weten alles over hardware en nieuwe ontwikkelingen) , en zakenmensen
(Business people)
o Vaak communicatiekloof tussen beide soorten mensen : moeten nauw met
elkaar samenwerken om concurrentievoordeel te behalen
o De IT’ers uitdagingen kennen waarmee de zakenmensen te maken hebben en
omgekeerd
o => business IT alignment to create business value
o Business value: genereren van winst, verlagen van de kosten of het verbeteren
van de aandeelhouderswaarde
- We need business leaders with great IT capabilities in our age of digital, automation
and AI
- Organizations should move from siloed business units (gescheiden units) and
departments to all-encompassing digital organizations: overgaan van silo’s naar
allesomvattende digitale organisaties
- Everyone needs to be involved with IT and speak the IT language
Voorbeelden van hoe opkomende IT-technologieën de manier waarop bedrijven hun
activiteiten uitvoeren, ingrijpend hebben veranderd:
- Analytics : Amazon en Netflix -> ze maken een profiel van je, beheren je interesses en
maken aanbevelingen op basis van het gebruik van analytics
- Internet of Things (IoT) = verschillende soorten producten uitrusten met aan het
internet gekoppelde sensoren die gegevens doorgeven die geanalyseerd kunnen
worden voor andere doeleinden
Telematics -> install a blackbox on your car to check your ride behaviour: a profile to
determe the price for your insurance
Moocall -> IoT sensors for pregnant cow installed at their tail: when the cow makes the
specific move, it gives a signal and location
- Drones: to check if an insurance claim is true or malware, forest maintenance (om
voortdurend te controleren welke bomen op het punt staan dood te gaan), package
delivery
- Self driving cars (impact op de taxi-industrie)
Brengt nieuwe kansen maar ook gevaren => Deepfake :
AI based technology to learn from images, sounds, …
Een stem nadoen na paar keer horen , kan misbruikt worden (by malicious users) of
voor nuttige zaken zoals chat bot bij klantenservice
BUSINESS INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INFORMATION:
4
Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: business information Systems, Strategy and governance.....................................3
Part A: What is a BIS?.............................................................................................................. 3
Motivatie van het gebruik van BIS: Motivation.....................................................................3
Business Information Systems............................................................................................. 4
Business Information System Types..................................................................................... 7
Part B: IS Strategy................................................................................................................. 10
Gaining competitive advantage through IS........................................................................10
Business strategy: Porter’s competitive forces model.......................................................10
Competitive advantage and IS: value chain model............................................................13
Linking business strategy and IS strategy: Henderson & Venkatraman’s strategic
alignment model................................................................................................................ 16
Part C : IT Governance.......................................................................................................... 18
Corporate governance....................................................................................................... 18
internal control and governance frameworks.....................................................................20
IS Governance: information systems governance..............................................................21
Hoofdstuk 2 ENterprise architecture........................................................................................ 24
Ter inleiding op dit deel van het vak:................................................................................. 24
H2: De eerste grote taak van zakenlui in IS-projecten Het definiëren van vereisten.........25
Hoofdstuk 1.3 Zachman raamwerk.................................................................................... 28
Hoofdstuk 3: informatiemanagement....................................................................................... 28
EER/UMl.............................................................................................................................. 28
Sectie 3.2: Het ER-model: Entity Relationship-Model.........................................................29
Het relationele model......................................................................................................... 33
Sectie 3.4 : werken met SQL voor eindgebruikers – Structured Query Language..............37
Hoofdstuk 4 Business Process Management............................................................................45
Business process management : BPM................................................................................45
BPMN: business process modeling notation.......................................................................48
IS layer: business process enactment => implementatie..................................................52
Hoofdstuk 6 Creating value with IT.......................................................................................... 54
IS succes?.............................................................................................................................. 54
What is IS succes? Het DeLone & McLean model...............................................................54
1
, Hoe bekom je success?...................................................................................................... 55
Hoofdstuk 5 : Business Intelligence and analytics....................................................................62
Part A: introduction............................................................................................................... 62
Digitalization...................................................................................................................... 62
Data scientist..................................................................................................................... 63
Types of Data..................................................................................................................... 63
Credit risk modelling: kredietrisicomodellering..................................................................65
Fraud Analytics.................................................................................................................. 65
Marketing analytics............................................................................................................ 66
HR analytics....................................................................................................................... 69
Analytics............................................................................................................................ 70
Part B : Datawarehousing and Business Intelligence.............................................................71
Setting the stage................................................................................................................ 71
Data Warehouse definition................................................................................................. 72
Data warehouse design...................................................................................................... 73
Specific Schema issues...................................................................................................... 74
Data warehouse architecture............................................................................................. 75
Data warehouse usage....................................................................................................... 78
Part C: predictive analytics.................................................................................................... 81
Predictive analytics............................................................................................................ 81
Decision trees.................................................................................................................... 82
K-nearest neighbor classifier.............................................................................................. 84
How to measure performance............................................................................................ 85
Part D : Descriptive analytics................................................................................................ 88
Clustering........................................................................................................................... 88
Association rules................................................................................................................ 90
Sequence rules.................................................................................................................. 92
Hoofdstuk 7 E-business............................................................................................................ 93
Part A : Introduction.............................................................................................................. 93
Economic impact................................................................................................................ 97
Part B: Business models on the web................................................................................... 101
E-commerce business and revenues models...................................................................101
B2C business models....................................................................................................... 102
B2B business models....................................................................................................... 107
2
, Bitcoin, cryptocurrency and blockchain..............................................................................113
Bitcoin:............................................................................................................................. 114
How does the system work?............................................................................................. 114
Why was bitcoin necessary?............................................................................................ 116
Why is bitcoin valuable?................................................................................................... 117
Back to blockchain:.......................................................................................................... 117
Some applications of blockchain:..................................................................................... 118
Benefits of using blockchain for organizations:................................................................118
Challenges of implementing blockchain in a business context:.......................................118
Part C: on-line advertising................................................................................................... 119
Setting the stage.............................................................................................................. 119
Types............................................................................................................................... 119
Pricing models.................................................................................................................. 125
Concerns.......................................................................................................................... 126
Part D: web analytics.......................................................................................................... 131
Setting the Stage............................................................................................................. 131
Clickstream Data Collection Techniques..........................................................................132
Web metrics/ webstatistieken:......................................................................................... 134
From Metrics to Actionable Insights................................................................................. 138
Experiment and Test........................................................................................................ 140
HOOFDSTUK 1: BUSINESS INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
STRATEGY AND GOVERNANCE
Part A: What is a BIS?
MOTIVATIE VAN HET GEBRUIK VAN BIS: MOTIVATION
Strategische ondersteuners van een organisatie
Why do we need IT?
- It becomes a critical part of the company’s DNA
- Voortdurende druk van digitale disruption (Under pressure of digital disruption):
voortdurend nieuwe IT-ontwikkelingen die zeer interessante mogelijkheden bieden voor
bedrijven
- Voorbeelden digitale disruptors: -> verstoren de werking en bieden nieuwe strategische
mogelijkheden om toegevoegde waarde te creëren
o Slimme sensoren
o Drones
o Zelfrijdende auto’s
3
, - Companies can’t afford to work in the same old ways
- Technologies and processes are only becoming more sophisticated: bv. E-business ->
moesten websites gaan ontwikkelen, producten online verkopen => complete
reorganisatie van de bestaande bedrijfsmodellen
- IT must join business to think systematically about how to phase in new digital
technologies: je hebt in bedrijven tegenwoordig twee soorten mensen namelijk IT-
mensen (weten alles over hardware en nieuwe ontwikkelingen) , en zakenmensen
(Business people)
o Vaak communicatiekloof tussen beide soorten mensen : moeten nauw met
elkaar samenwerken om concurrentievoordeel te behalen
o De IT’ers uitdagingen kennen waarmee de zakenmensen te maken hebben en
omgekeerd
o => business IT alignment to create business value
o Business value: genereren van winst, verlagen van de kosten of het verbeteren
van de aandeelhouderswaarde
- We need business leaders with great IT capabilities in our age of digital, automation
and AI
- Organizations should move from siloed business units (gescheiden units) and
departments to all-encompassing digital organizations: overgaan van silo’s naar
allesomvattende digitale organisaties
- Everyone needs to be involved with IT and speak the IT language
Voorbeelden van hoe opkomende IT-technologieën de manier waarop bedrijven hun
activiteiten uitvoeren, ingrijpend hebben veranderd:
- Analytics : Amazon en Netflix -> ze maken een profiel van je, beheren je interesses en
maken aanbevelingen op basis van het gebruik van analytics
- Internet of Things (IoT) = verschillende soorten producten uitrusten met aan het
internet gekoppelde sensoren die gegevens doorgeven die geanalyseerd kunnen
worden voor andere doeleinden
Telematics -> install a blackbox on your car to check your ride behaviour: a profile to
determe the price for your insurance
Moocall -> IoT sensors for pregnant cow installed at their tail: when the cow makes the
specific move, it gives a signal and location
- Drones: to check if an insurance claim is true or malware, forest maintenance (om
voortdurend te controleren welke bomen op het punt staan dood te gaan), package
delivery
- Self driving cars (impact op de taxi-industrie)
Brengt nieuwe kansen maar ook gevaren => Deepfake :
AI based technology to learn from images, sounds, …
Een stem nadoen na paar keer horen , kan misbruikt worden (by malicious users) of
voor nuttige zaken zoals chat bot bij klantenservice
BUSINESS INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INFORMATION:
4
