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PSYCH KAPLAN PREDICTOR NEWEST 2026-2027
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
REAL EXAM, EXAMS OF NURSING
visual cues - - ANS✔️--allow us to perceptually organize by taking into account depth, form,
motion, constancy
binocular cues - - ANS✔️--provide depth & retinal disparity
eyes are far apart => give diff view points that lead to depth perception
convergence - - ANS✔️--binocular cue
provides and aids in depth perception based on how much eyes are turned
far away = eye muscles relax
close = eye muscles contract
monocular cues - - ANS✔️--provide sense of form & motion
only need one eye for these characteristics
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relative size, interposition/overlap, relative height, shading/contour
motion parallax: relative motion aka close things move faster while further things move slower
constancy - - ANS✔️--monocular cue
perception of object doesnt change even if image is cast different on eye
size, shape, color constancy
sensory adaptation - - ANS✔️--senses are adaptable and change sensitivity to stimuli
hearing: inner ear; muscles contract with higher noise (ex: concert)
touch: temp receptors desensitized over time (ex: hot tub)
smell: (ex: smell of fish in supermarket)
proprioception: sense of balance/where you are (ex: goggles that flip image but you eventually
get accomodate)
sight: down regulation (light adaptation, pupils constrict) vs up regular (dark regulation, pupils
dilate)
weber's law - - ANS✔️--just noticeable difference (jnd): threshold at which you are able to notice
change in any sensation
change in intensity / original intensity = k
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ex: 0. = 0.1 is jnd so 5 * 0.1 = 0.5 + 5 = 5.5 jnd
change in i = i*k
linear relationship between threshold and background intensity
absolute threshold of sensation - - ANS✔️--minimum amount of intensity of stimulus needed to
detect signal 50% of time
influenced by expectations, experience/familiarity, motivation, alertness
subliminal stimuli - - ANS✔️--stimuli just under absolute threshold
sensationalism - - ANS✔️--temperature/thermo, pressure/mechano, pain/noci,
position/proprioception
intensity of stimuli - - ANS✔️--how quickly neurons fire for us to notice
slow = low intensity
fast = high intensity
timing of neurons stimuli - - ANS✔️--non adapting: neuron consistency fires at constant rate (----
-----)
slow adapting: neuron fires in beginning but slows down eventually (------ ----- ---- --- --)
fast adaption: neurons fire as soon as stimulus starts but stops suddenly (--- ------)
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location specific stimuli - - ANS✔️--sent to brain
relies on dermatomes
vestibular system - - ANS✔️--balance & spatial orientation
inner ear: semicircular canals (posterior, lateral, anterior are all orthogonal to each other), canal
filled w endolymph which determines direction of movement and speed of movement
otolithic organs: (utricle, saccule) help detect linear acceleration and head positioning, caco3
crystals attached to hair cell in viscous gel, movement from laying down to standing up triggers
AP
endolymph keeps moving even if we stop => dizziness & vertigo
signal detection theory - - ANS✔️--how we make decisions under conditions of uncertainty and
discerning between important stimuli vs noise
yes no
present hit miss
absent false alarm correct rejection
if hit > miss, strong signal but if miss > hit, weak signal
PSYCH KAPLAN PREDICTOR NEWEST 2026-2027
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
REAL EXAM, EXAMS OF NURSING
visual cues - - ANS✔️--allow us to perceptually organize by taking into account depth, form,
motion, constancy
binocular cues - - ANS✔️--provide depth & retinal disparity
eyes are far apart => give diff view points that lead to depth perception
convergence - - ANS✔️--binocular cue
provides and aids in depth perception based on how much eyes are turned
far away = eye muscles relax
close = eye muscles contract
monocular cues - - ANS✔️--provide sense of form & motion
only need one eye for these characteristics
,2|Page
relative size, interposition/overlap, relative height, shading/contour
motion parallax: relative motion aka close things move faster while further things move slower
constancy - - ANS✔️--monocular cue
perception of object doesnt change even if image is cast different on eye
size, shape, color constancy
sensory adaptation - - ANS✔️--senses are adaptable and change sensitivity to stimuli
hearing: inner ear; muscles contract with higher noise (ex: concert)
touch: temp receptors desensitized over time (ex: hot tub)
smell: (ex: smell of fish in supermarket)
proprioception: sense of balance/where you are (ex: goggles that flip image but you eventually
get accomodate)
sight: down regulation (light adaptation, pupils constrict) vs up regular (dark regulation, pupils
dilate)
weber's law - - ANS✔️--just noticeable difference (jnd): threshold at which you are able to notice
change in any sensation
change in intensity / original intensity = k
,3|Page
ex: 0. = 0.1 is jnd so 5 * 0.1 = 0.5 + 5 = 5.5 jnd
change in i = i*k
linear relationship between threshold and background intensity
absolute threshold of sensation - - ANS✔️--minimum amount of intensity of stimulus needed to
detect signal 50% of time
influenced by expectations, experience/familiarity, motivation, alertness
subliminal stimuli - - ANS✔️--stimuli just under absolute threshold
sensationalism - - ANS✔️--temperature/thermo, pressure/mechano, pain/noci,
position/proprioception
intensity of stimuli - - ANS✔️--how quickly neurons fire for us to notice
slow = low intensity
fast = high intensity
timing of neurons stimuli - - ANS✔️--non adapting: neuron consistency fires at constant rate (----
-----)
slow adapting: neuron fires in beginning but slows down eventually (------ ----- ---- --- --)
fast adaption: neurons fire as soon as stimulus starts but stops suddenly (--- ------)
, 4|Page
location specific stimuli - - ANS✔️--sent to brain
relies on dermatomes
vestibular system - - ANS✔️--balance & spatial orientation
inner ear: semicircular canals (posterior, lateral, anterior are all orthogonal to each other), canal
filled w endolymph which determines direction of movement and speed of movement
otolithic organs: (utricle, saccule) help detect linear acceleration and head positioning, caco3
crystals attached to hair cell in viscous gel, movement from laying down to standing up triggers
AP
endolymph keeps moving even if we stop => dizziness & vertigo
signal detection theory - - ANS✔️--how we make decisions under conditions of uncertainty and
discerning between important stimuli vs noise
yes no
present hit miss
absent false alarm correct rejection
if hit > miss, strong signal but if miss > hit, weak signal
