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C836 - Fundamentals of Information
Security (WGU) Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers
Information Security Ans: Protecting an organization's information
and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure,
disruption, modification, or destruction.
Compliance Ans: Requirements that are set forth by laws and
industry regulations.
CIA Ans: Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Confidentiality Ans: Refers to our ability to protect our data from
those who are not authorized to use/view it
Integrity Ans: The ability to prevent people from changing your
data in an unauthorized or undesirable manner
Availability Ans: Refers to the ability to access our data when we
need it
Possession/Control Ans: refers to the physical disposition of the
media on which the data is stored. (tape examples where some
are encrypted and some are not)
Authenticity Ans: whether you've attributed the data in question
to the proper owner or creator. (altered email that says it's from
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one person when it's not - violation of the authenticity of the
email)
Utility Ans: refers to how useful the data is to you.
Attacks Ans: interception, interruption, modification, and
fabrication
Interception Ans: attacks that allow unauthorized users to access
your data, applications, or environments. Are primarily attacks
against confidentiality
Interruption Ans: attacks that make your assets unusable or
unavailable to you temporarily or permanently. DoS attack on a
mail server, for example. May also affect integrity
Modification Ans: attacks involve tampering with our asset. Such
attacks might primarily be considered an integrity attack but
could also represent an availability attack.
Fabrication Ans: attacks involve generating data, processes,
communications, or other similar activities with a system.
Fabrication attacks primarily affect integrity but could be
considered an availability attack as well.
Risk Ans: is the likelihood that an event will occur. To have risk
there must be a
threat and vulnerability.
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Threats Ans: are any events being man-made, natural or
environmental that could cause damage to assets.
Vulnerabilities Ans: are a weakness that a threat event or the
threat agent can take advantage of.
Impact Ans: takes into account the value of the asset being
threatened and uses it to calculate risk
Risk Management Process Ans: Identify assets, identify threats,
assess vulnerabilities, assess risks, mitigate risks
Defense in Depth Ans: Using multiple layers of security to defend
your assets.
Controls Ans: are the ways we protect assets. Three different
types: physical, logical, administrative
Physical Controls Ans: environment; physical items that protect
assets think locks, doors, guards, and, fences or environmental
factors (time)
Logical Controls Ans: Sometimes called technical controls, these
protect the systems, networks, and environments that process,
transmit, and store our data
Administrative Controls Ans: based on laws, rules, policies, and
procedures, guidelines, and other items that are "paper" in nature.
They are the policies that organizations create for governance.
For example, acceptable use and email use policies.
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Preparation Ans: phase of incident response consists of all of the
activities that we can perform, in advance of the incident itself, in
order to better enable us to handle it.
Incident Response Process Ans: 1. Preparation
2. Detection and Analysis (Identification)
3. Containment
4. Eradication
5. Recovery
6. Post-incident activity: document/Lessons learned
Detection & Analysis Ans: where the action begins to happen in
our incident response process. In this phase, we will detect the
occurrence of an issue and decide whether or not it is actually an
incident, so that we can respond appropriately to it.
Containment Ans: involves taking steps to ensure that the situation
does not cause any more damage than it already has, or to at
least lessen any ongoing harm.
Eradication Ans: attempt to remove the effects of the issue from
our environment.
Recovery Ans: restoring devices or data to pre-incident state
(rebuilding systems, reloading applications, backup media, etc.)
C836 - Fundamentals of Information
Security (WGU) Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers
Information Security Ans: Protecting an organization's information
and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure,
disruption, modification, or destruction.
Compliance Ans: Requirements that are set forth by laws and
industry regulations.
CIA Ans: Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Confidentiality Ans: Refers to our ability to protect our data from
those who are not authorized to use/view it
Integrity Ans: The ability to prevent people from changing your
data in an unauthorized or undesirable manner
Availability Ans: Refers to the ability to access our data when we
need it
Possession/Control Ans: refers to the physical disposition of the
media on which the data is stored. (tape examples where some
are encrypted and some are not)
Authenticity Ans: whether you've attributed the data in question
to the proper owner or creator. (altered email that says it's from
, Page | 2
one person when it's not - violation of the authenticity of the
email)
Utility Ans: refers to how useful the data is to you.
Attacks Ans: interception, interruption, modification, and
fabrication
Interception Ans: attacks that allow unauthorized users to access
your data, applications, or environments. Are primarily attacks
against confidentiality
Interruption Ans: attacks that make your assets unusable or
unavailable to you temporarily or permanently. DoS attack on a
mail server, for example. May also affect integrity
Modification Ans: attacks involve tampering with our asset. Such
attacks might primarily be considered an integrity attack but
could also represent an availability attack.
Fabrication Ans: attacks involve generating data, processes,
communications, or other similar activities with a system.
Fabrication attacks primarily affect integrity but could be
considered an availability attack as well.
Risk Ans: is the likelihood that an event will occur. To have risk
there must be a
threat and vulnerability.
, Page | 3
Threats Ans: are any events being man-made, natural or
environmental that could cause damage to assets.
Vulnerabilities Ans: are a weakness that a threat event or the
threat agent can take advantage of.
Impact Ans: takes into account the value of the asset being
threatened and uses it to calculate risk
Risk Management Process Ans: Identify assets, identify threats,
assess vulnerabilities, assess risks, mitigate risks
Defense in Depth Ans: Using multiple layers of security to defend
your assets.
Controls Ans: are the ways we protect assets. Three different
types: physical, logical, administrative
Physical Controls Ans: environment; physical items that protect
assets think locks, doors, guards, and, fences or environmental
factors (time)
Logical Controls Ans: Sometimes called technical controls, these
protect the systems, networks, and environments that process,
transmit, and store our data
Administrative Controls Ans: based on laws, rules, policies, and
procedures, guidelines, and other items that are "paper" in nature.
They are the policies that organizations create for governance.
For example, acceptable use and email use policies.
, Page | 4
Preparation Ans: phase of incident response consists of all of the
activities that we can perform, in advance of the incident itself, in
order to better enable us to handle it.
Incident Response Process Ans: 1. Preparation
2. Detection and Analysis (Identification)
3. Containment
4. Eradication
5. Recovery
6. Post-incident activity: document/Lessons learned
Detection & Analysis Ans: where the action begins to happen in
our incident response process. In this phase, we will detect the
occurrence of an issue and decide whether or not it is actually an
incident, so that we can respond appropriately to it.
Containment Ans: involves taking steps to ensure that the situation
does not cause any more damage than it already has, or to at
least lessen any ongoing harm.
Eradication Ans: attempt to remove the effects of the issue from
our environment.
Recovery Ans: restoring devices or data to pre-incident state
(rebuilding systems, reloading applications, backup media, etc.)
