BMS 300 ALL 2026 EXAMINATION SET QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔when a baby suckles at the breast, milk is synthesized in response to ____ and
ejected in response to ______ - ✔✔prolactin, oxytocin
✔✔the withdrawal reflex from a painful stimulus is an example of a(n) ____ reflex,
whereas the patellar tendon tap reflex (stretch reflex) is an ex of a(n) _____ reflex -
✔✔polysynaptic reflex, monosynaptic reflex
✔✔Blood phosphate levels are regulated by the endocrine system. When the blood
phosphate levels increase beyond the normal level, _____ is released by the ________.
- ✔✔phosphatonin, bones
✔✔____ is a hormone released by adipose tissue which sends satiety (feeling full)
signals to the brain and increases the rate of metabolism - ✔✔leptin
✔✔an action potential allows for electrochemical impulses to be shared between
neurons. The first step to generating an action potential is the opening of ____ in the
cell body of the neuron - ✔✔ligand gated sodium channels
✔✔during the resting membrane potential, ions can move in and out of the cell via ___
channels - ✔✔leak
✔✔abnormally high levels of ____ in children can lead to gigantism - ✔✔growth
hormone (GH)
✔✔hormones that are made from fatty acids and cholesterol are classified as ___ -
✔✔lipid derivatives
✔✔Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the ___ causes the ___ to release
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) into capillaries, which stimulate the adrenal cortex
to secrete cortisol and androgens - ✔✔hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland
✔✔abnormally high levels of ____ can lead to Graves disease which is characterized by
symptoms including weight loss, bulging eyes (exophthalmos) and enlarged thyroid
gland (goiter) - ✔✔thyroid hormone
✔✔during isovolumetric relaxation there is no change in ventricular volume because the
ventricular pressure is ____ than aortic pressure but ____ than atrial pressure -
✔✔lower, higher
, ✔✔as the heart ___the ____ valves open causing blood to flow into the left and right
ventricles - ✔✔relaxes, left and right AV
✔✔in red blood cells (RBCs) / erythrocytes, oxygen is transported by binding to the iron
in the ___ of hemoglobin protein - ✔✔heme group
✔✔____ promotes the development of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into the
myeloid lineage, including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes - ✔✔GM-
CSF
✔✔when a person is not starving ___ would be used as a fuel by slow fibers whereas
___ would be used as a fuel by fast fibers - ✔✔fats, glucose
✔✔A delay in the electrical signal transmission from the atria to the ventricles, resulting
in a prolonged PR interval on an electrocardiogram most likely indicates a _____
degree atrioventricular (AV) heart block. - ✔✔first
✔✔in the troponin complex the ___ subunit binds to actin in the absence of calcium but
it binds TnC in the presence of calcium - ✔✔Troponin I(TnI)
✔✔in smooth muscles a mutation that inactivates the ___ will most likely cause the
myosin to remain bound to actin - ✔✔myosin light chain phosphatase enzyme
✔✔during hemoglobin recycling the heme group is broken down into ___ a green
pigment - ✔✔biliverdin
✔✔an antibody has an abnormality in the constant segments of the heavy chains. It is
most likely that this antibody ___ - ✔✔cannot be recognized by macrophages
✔✔you are preforming bicep curls in the gym. Isometric contraction occurs when you -
✔✔hold a dumbbell in place
✔✔in the heart, autorhythmic cells produce action potentials spontaneously because
they express hyperpolarization activated, cyclic nucleotide (HCN) channels that are
permeable to ___ ions - ✔✔Na and K
✔✔which part of the following cells are most directly responsible for innate immunity -
✔✔macrophages
✔✔in the pressure volume loop, the aortic pressure is indicative of ____ while the end
diastolic volume is indicative of ____ - ✔✔preload, contractility
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔when a baby suckles at the breast, milk is synthesized in response to ____ and
ejected in response to ______ - ✔✔prolactin, oxytocin
✔✔the withdrawal reflex from a painful stimulus is an example of a(n) ____ reflex,
whereas the patellar tendon tap reflex (stretch reflex) is an ex of a(n) _____ reflex -
✔✔polysynaptic reflex, monosynaptic reflex
✔✔Blood phosphate levels are regulated by the endocrine system. When the blood
phosphate levels increase beyond the normal level, _____ is released by the ________.
- ✔✔phosphatonin, bones
✔✔____ is a hormone released by adipose tissue which sends satiety (feeling full)
signals to the brain and increases the rate of metabolism - ✔✔leptin
✔✔an action potential allows for electrochemical impulses to be shared between
neurons. The first step to generating an action potential is the opening of ____ in the
cell body of the neuron - ✔✔ligand gated sodium channels
✔✔during the resting membrane potential, ions can move in and out of the cell via ___
channels - ✔✔leak
✔✔abnormally high levels of ____ in children can lead to gigantism - ✔✔growth
hormone (GH)
✔✔hormones that are made from fatty acids and cholesterol are classified as ___ -
✔✔lipid derivatives
✔✔Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the ___ causes the ___ to release
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) into capillaries, which stimulate the adrenal cortex
to secrete cortisol and androgens - ✔✔hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland
✔✔abnormally high levels of ____ can lead to Graves disease which is characterized by
symptoms including weight loss, bulging eyes (exophthalmos) and enlarged thyroid
gland (goiter) - ✔✔thyroid hormone
✔✔during isovolumetric relaxation there is no change in ventricular volume because the
ventricular pressure is ____ than aortic pressure but ____ than atrial pressure -
✔✔lower, higher
, ✔✔as the heart ___the ____ valves open causing blood to flow into the left and right
ventricles - ✔✔relaxes, left and right AV
✔✔in red blood cells (RBCs) / erythrocytes, oxygen is transported by binding to the iron
in the ___ of hemoglobin protein - ✔✔heme group
✔✔____ promotes the development of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into the
myeloid lineage, including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes - ✔✔GM-
CSF
✔✔when a person is not starving ___ would be used as a fuel by slow fibers whereas
___ would be used as a fuel by fast fibers - ✔✔fats, glucose
✔✔A delay in the electrical signal transmission from the atria to the ventricles, resulting
in a prolonged PR interval on an electrocardiogram most likely indicates a _____
degree atrioventricular (AV) heart block. - ✔✔first
✔✔in the troponin complex the ___ subunit binds to actin in the absence of calcium but
it binds TnC in the presence of calcium - ✔✔Troponin I(TnI)
✔✔in smooth muscles a mutation that inactivates the ___ will most likely cause the
myosin to remain bound to actin - ✔✔myosin light chain phosphatase enzyme
✔✔during hemoglobin recycling the heme group is broken down into ___ a green
pigment - ✔✔biliverdin
✔✔an antibody has an abnormality in the constant segments of the heavy chains. It is
most likely that this antibody ___ - ✔✔cannot be recognized by macrophages
✔✔you are preforming bicep curls in the gym. Isometric contraction occurs when you -
✔✔hold a dumbbell in place
✔✔in the heart, autorhythmic cells produce action potentials spontaneously because
they express hyperpolarization activated, cyclic nucleotide (HCN) channels that are
permeable to ___ ions - ✔✔Na and K
✔✔which part of the following cells are most directly responsible for innate immunity -
✔✔macrophages
✔✔in the pressure volume loop, the aortic pressure is indicative of ____ while the end
diastolic volume is indicative of ____ - ✔✔preload, contractility
