Advanced Pediatric Assessment Test Bank –
Comprehensive Chapter Coverage with Verified
Answers (Latest Edition)
Design Description:
The cover includes a pediatric nurse
working with a child patient in a hospital
room, surrounded by child-friendly tools
and charts. Playful but professional colors
such as soft blues and pinks are used to
create a warm, nurturing feeling. Key topics
like pediatric assessments are displayed
prominently.
**1. A nurse is assessing a 24-hour-old newborn. Which finding requires immediate
intervention?**
A. Acrocyanosis of the hands and feet.
B. A respiratory rate of 50 breaths per minute.
C. **A grunting sound with expiration. (✓)**
D. A heart rate of 140 beats per minute.
,**2. The primary mechanism for thermogenesis in a cold-stressed newborn is:**
A. Shivering.
B. **Non-shivering thermogenesis (brown fat metabolism). (✓)**
C. Increased physical activity.
D. Peripheral vasodilation.
**3. A newborn is diagnosed with physiologic jaundice appearing on day 2 of life. The nurse
understands this is primarily caused by:**
A. ABO incompatibility.
B. **Increased bilirubin production and immature liver conjugation. (✓)**
C. Biliary atresia.
D. Cephalohematoma.
**4. The nurse administers Vitamin K intramuscularly to a newborn primarily to:**
A. Promote bilirubin excretion.
B. **Prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. (✓)**
C. Enhance calcium absorption.
D. Stimulate gastrointestinal flora.
**5. A newborn's Apgar score at 1 minute is 3. The nurse's priority action is to:**
A. Dry and stimulate the newborn.
B. **Initiate neonatal resuscitation. (✓)**
C. Obtain a venous blood gas.
D. Place the newborn skin-to-skin with the mother.
**6. Which sign is most indicative of dehydration in a newborn?**
,A. Sunken anterior fontanel. (✓)
B. Weight loss of 5% from birth weight.
C. 6 wet diapers in 24 hours.
D. Slightly dry oral mucosa.
**7. The mother of a newborn asks why erythromycin ointment is applied to the eyes. The
nurse's correct response is that it prevents:**
A. Staphylococcal conjunctivitis.
B. **Ophthalmia neonatorum caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. (✓)**
C. Retinopathy of prematurity.
D. Blocked tear ducts.
**8. A key nursing intervention to prevent hypothermia in a preterm infant in the NICU is to:**
A. Bathe the infant every 4 hours.
B. **Use a pre-warmed radiant warmer or isolette. (✓)**
C. Wrap the infant in a single warm blanket.
D. Place the infant near a window for sunlight.
**9. A newborn with suspected sepsis is started on IV antibiotics. The nurse knows the most
common causative organisms are:**
A. Viruses.
B. **Group B Streptococcus and E. coli. (✓)**
C. Fungal Candida species.
D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
**10. Which finding in a newborn is characteristic of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?**
, A. Expiratory grunting, nasal flaring, and retractions. (✓)
B. A barrel-shaped chest and clubbing.
C. A sudden episode of coughing and choking.
D. A moist, productive cough.
**11. The nurse is caring for an infant of a diabetic mother (IDM). The infant is at highest risk
for:**
A. Hypercalcemia.
B. **Hypoglycemia. (✓)**
C. Hypervolemia.
D. Hypobilirubinemia.
**12. Kangaroo care for a stable preterm infant involves:**
A. Keeping the infant in a sterile incubator.
B. **Placing the infant skin-to-skin on the parent's chest. (✓)**
C. Massaging the infant with firm strokes.
D. Swaddling the infant tightly in multiple blankets.
**13. A 36-week gestation newborn has tachypnea and retractions. The nurse suspects
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN), which is primarily due to:**
A. Lack of surfactant.
B. **Delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid. (✓)**
C. A diaphragmatic hernia.
D. A cardiac defect.
**14. The nurse is teaching about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) prevention. The most
critical instruction is:**
Comprehensive Chapter Coverage with Verified
Answers (Latest Edition)
Design Description:
The cover includes a pediatric nurse
working with a child patient in a hospital
room, surrounded by child-friendly tools
and charts. Playful but professional colors
such as soft blues and pinks are used to
create a warm, nurturing feeling. Key topics
like pediatric assessments are displayed
prominently.
**1. A nurse is assessing a 24-hour-old newborn. Which finding requires immediate
intervention?**
A. Acrocyanosis of the hands and feet.
B. A respiratory rate of 50 breaths per minute.
C. **A grunting sound with expiration. (✓)**
D. A heart rate of 140 beats per minute.
,**2. The primary mechanism for thermogenesis in a cold-stressed newborn is:**
A. Shivering.
B. **Non-shivering thermogenesis (brown fat metabolism). (✓)**
C. Increased physical activity.
D. Peripheral vasodilation.
**3. A newborn is diagnosed with physiologic jaundice appearing on day 2 of life. The nurse
understands this is primarily caused by:**
A. ABO incompatibility.
B. **Increased bilirubin production and immature liver conjugation. (✓)**
C. Biliary atresia.
D. Cephalohematoma.
**4. The nurse administers Vitamin K intramuscularly to a newborn primarily to:**
A. Promote bilirubin excretion.
B. **Prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. (✓)**
C. Enhance calcium absorption.
D. Stimulate gastrointestinal flora.
**5. A newborn's Apgar score at 1 minute is 3. The nurse's priority action is to:**
A. Dry and stimulate the newborn.
B. **Initiate neonatal resuscitation. (✓)**
C. Obtain a venous blood gas.
D. Place the newborn skin-to-skin with the mother.
**6. Which sign is most indicative of dehydration in a newborn?**
,A. Sunken anterior fontanel. (✓)
B. Weight loss of 5% from birth weight.
C. 6 wet diapers in 24 hours.
D. Slightly dry oral mucosa.
**7. The mother of a newborn asks why erythromycin ointment is applied to the eyes. The
nurse's correct response is that it prevents:**
A. Staphylococcal conjunctivitis.
B. **Ophthalmia neonatorum caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. (✓)**
C. Retinopathy of prematurity.
D. Blocked tear ducts.
**8. A key nursing intervention to prevent hypothermia in a preterm infant in the NICU is to:**
A. Bathe the infant every 4 hours.
B. **Use a pre-warmed radiant warmer or isolette. (✓)**
C. Wrap the infant in a single warm blanket.
D. Place the infant near a window for sunlight.
**9. A newborn with suspected sepsis is started on IV antibiotics. The nurse knows the most
common causative organisms are:**
A. Viruses.
B. **Group B Streptococcus and E. coli. (✓)**
C. Fungal Candida species.
D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
**10. Which finding in a newborn is characteristic of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?**
, A. Expiratory grunting, nasal flaring, and retractions. (✓)
B. A barrel-shaped chest and clubbing.
C. A sudden episode of coughing and choking.
D. A moist, productive cough.
**11. The nurse is caring for an infant of a diabetic mother (IDM). The infant is at highest risk
for:**
A. Hypercalcemia.
B. **Hypoglycemia. (✓)**
C. Hypervolemia.
D. Hypobilirubinemia.
**12. Kangaroo care for a stable preterm infant involves:**
A. Keeping the infant in a sterile incubator.
B. **Placing the infant skin-to-skin on the parent's chest. (✓)**
C. Massaging the infant with firm strokes.
D. Swaddling the infant tightly in multiple blankets.
**13. A 36-week gestation newborn has tachypnea and retractions. The nurse suspects
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN), which is primarily due to:**
A. Lack of surfactant.
B. **Delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid. (✓)**
C. A diaphragmatic hernia.
D. A cardiac defect.
**14. The nurse is teaching about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) prevention. The most
critical instruction is:**
