OB/GYN ARDMS 2026 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Pentalogy of Canatrell - ✔✔PENTA! a condition characterized by a combination of
midline birth defects that can potentially involve the
1) breastbone (sternum)
2) The diaphragm, the muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen and
aides in breathing.
3) Pericardium, the thin membrane that lines the heart,
4) the abdominal wall;
5) and the heart.
✔✔ectopia cordis - ✔✔this condition can include deformities of the chest (thorax),
abdomen, or both. Often Ectopia cordis is also accompanied by defects of the heart
itself. The deformity can be seen on ultrasound by about the 10th or 11th week of
pregnancy.
✔✔A fetus that is >90th percentile for gestational age is
a. full term
b. large for gestational age
c. macrosomic
d. microsomic - ✔✔b. large for gestational age.
✔✔The most common congenital facial anomaly is
a. cleft lip/palate
b. hypotelorism
c. proboscis
d. encephalocele - ✔✔a. cleft lip/palate
✔✔fetal hydrocele - ✔✔The following image shows
✔✔Corpus callosum - ✔✔
✔✔What is a marker for Trisomy 21? - ✔✔nasal bone
✔✔What is the most common cause of the findings in the following image? -
✔✔imperforate hymen
✔✔sonohysterogram, hysterosonogram, saline infusion sonogram - ✔✔
✔✔Myelomeningocele refers to
a. lipoma of the spinal cord
b. sacrococcygeal tumor
c. protrusion of the meninges and nerve tissue
, d. protrusion of the meninges - ✔✔c. protrusion of the meninges and nerve tissue
✔✔What is a nuchal cord? - ✔✔Umbilical cord around the fetal neck.
Can occur during pregnancy, labor, or birth.
Umbilical cord gives blood, oxygen, and nutrients to the fetus.
✔✔The cisterna magna is considered enlarged at
a. >5mm
b. >6mm
c. 10 mm
d. >11mm - ✔✔d. >11mm
✔✔While scanning for the BPD, you notice an empty fluid filled cranium, the midbrain
and brainstem are preserved, this is most likely
a. holoprosencephaly
b. anencephaly
c. hydranencephaly
d. hydrocephalus - ✔✔c. hydranencephaly
✔✔Measurement from the outer edge of the occipital bone to the outer edge of the
cervical skin is called
a. nuchal translucency
b. nuchal cord
c. nuchal fold
d. biparietal diameter - ✔✔C. nuchal fold
✔✔Causes of symmetric IntraUterine Growth Restriction
a. chromosomal abnormalities
b. congenital malformations
c. maternal drug use
d. congenital infections
e. all of the above. - ✔✔e. all the above
✔✔Asymmetric IUGR - ✔✔Placental insufficiency
Preeclampsia
Vascular Disease
Chronic Pulmonary disease
✔✔Which ectopic site is considered the most dangerous?
a. ovarian
b. ampullary
c. cornual
d. cervical - ✔✔c. cornual
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Pentalogy of Canatrell - ✔✔PENTA! a condition characterized by a combination of
midline birth defects that can potentially involve the
1) breastbone (sternum)
2) The diaphragm, the muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen and
aides in breathing.
3) Pericardium, the thin membrane that lines the heart,
4) the abdominal wall;
5) and the heart.
✔✔ectopia cordis - ✔✔this condition can include deformities of the chest (thorax),
abdomen, or both. Often Ectopia cordis is also accompanied by defects of the heart
itself. The deformity can be seen on ultrasound by about the 10th or 11th week of
pregnancy.
✔✔A fetus that is >90th percentile for gestational age is
a. full term
b. large for gestational age
c. macrosomic
d. microsomic - ✔✔b. large for gestational age.
✔✔The most common congenital facial anomaly is
a. cleft lip/palate
b. hypotelorism
c. proboscis
d. encephalocele - ✔✔a. cleft lip/palate
✔✔fetal hydrocele - ✔✔The following image shows
✔✔Corpus callosum - ✔✔
✔✔What is a marker for Trisomy 21? - ✔✔nasal bone
✔✔What is the most common cause of the findings in the following image? -
✔✔imperforate hymen
✔✔sonohysterogram, hysterosonogram, saline infusion sonogram - ✔✔
✔✔Myelomeningocele refers to
a. lipoma of the spinal cord
b. sacrococcygeal tumor
c. protrusion of the meninges and nerve tissue
, d. protrusion of the meninges - ✔✔c. protrusion of the meninges and nerve tissue
✔✔What is a nuchal cord? - ✔✔Umbilical cord around the fetal neck.
Can occur during pregnancy, labor, or birth.
Umbilical cord gives blood, oxygen, and nutrients to the fetus.
✔✔The cisterna magna is considered enlarged at
a. >5mm
b. >6mm
c. 10 mm
d. >11mm - ✔✔d. >11mm
✔✔While scanning for the BPD, you notice an empty fluid filled cranium, the midbrain
and brainstem are preserved, this is most likely
a. holoprosencephaly
b. anencephaly
c. hydranencephaly
d. hydrocephalus - ✔✔c. hydranencephaly
✔✔Measurement from the outer edge of the occipital bone to the outer edge of the
cervical skin is called
a. nuchal translucency
b. nuchal cord
c. nuchal fold
d. biparietal diameter - ✔✔C. nuchal fold
✔✔Causes of symmetric IntraUterine Growth Restriction
a. chromosomal abnormalities
b. congenital malformations
c. maternal drug use
d. congenital infections
e. all of the above. - ✔✔e. all the above
✔✔Asymmetric IUGR - ✔✔Placental insufficiency
Preeclampsia
Vascular Disease
Chronic Pulmonary disease
✔✔Which ectopic site is considered the most dangerous?
a. ovarian
b. ampullary
c. cornual
d. cervical - ✔✔c. cornual
