ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY UPDATED EXAM SCRIPT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Mural thrombus - ✔✔Is a Thrombus in contact with endocardial linning or with a wall
of a large vessel.
✔✔RWMA - ✔✔regional wall motion abnormalities
✔✔Ischemic cardiomyopathy - ✔✔Heart can no longer pump enough blood to the rest
of the body due to CAD.
✔✔Dresslers syndrome - ✔✔A type of pericarditis believed to be an immune system
response after damage to heart tissue or to pericardium.
✔✔Systemic arteries - ✔✔Carry blood from the heart to the bodys tissues
✔✔Pheochromocytoma - ✔✔Is a begnign renal medulla tumor which can cause
systemic htn
✔✔LV hypertrophy - ✔✔Is when the lt ventricular wall becomes thickened. (>1.2cm)
✔✔Pickwickian syndrome - ✔✔Obesity and is a cause for pulmonary hyn
✔✔Eisenmenger syndrome - ✔✔Reversal of long standing left to rt shunt due to PHTN.
Shunt is now rt to lt
✔✔Constrictive pericarditis - ✔✔Is an inflammed pericardium that causes scarring,
thickening, muscle tightening, or contracture.
✔✔Kussmauls sign - ✔✔Is With inspiration theres a rise in venous pressure.
✔✔Pericardial knock - ✔✔Is a sound in early diastole
✔✔Tamponade - ✔✔Compression of the heart caused by fluid collection in the sac
surrounding the heart
✔✔Pulsus paradoxus - ✔✔When systolic BP has respiratory variation. Aka pericardial
rub; audible sign to dx pericarditis
✔✔Becks triad - ✔✔A. Elevated venous pressure B.hypitension c.quiet heart
✔✔Uremia - ✔✔Urine in blood
✔✔Neoplastic disease - ✔✔Abnormal tissue
, ✔✔Friction rub - ✔✔Is a physical sign with PE. Its aka pericardial rub. Its an audible
sign to dx pericarditis.
✔✔Isovolumic relaxation - ✔✔Closure of AOV to the opening of the MV
✔✔Hypertrophic - ✔✔Condition in which the heart muscles become abnormally thick
✔✔ASH - ✔✔Asymmetrical septal hypertrophy is most common type of cardiomyopathy
✔✔IHSS - ✔✔Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis is an aliase for cardiomyopathy
✔✔Ace of spades - ✔✔Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
✔✔Cresendo-decresendo - ✔✔Loud and soft murmur
✔✔Amyl-nitrite - ✔✔Vasodilador to relieve chest pain (angina)
✔✔Beta blockers - ✔✔Class of meds used to manage cardiac arrhythmias and to
protect heart from 2nd heart attack
✔✔A wave Greater than E wave - ✔✔Dyastolic dysfunction, abnormal relaxation
✔✔Inderal - ✔✔Is a beta blocker that doesnt increase SAM it decreases HR &
decreases SAM with exercise
✔✔Chagas disease - ✔✔Posterior and apical thinning
✔✔Pulsus alternans - ✔✔Altering strong and weak pulse
✔✔B-notch MV - ✔✔Increased in LVEDP
✔✔Amyloidosis - ✔✔Buildup of amyloid proteins seen with restrictive CM
✔✔Sarcoidosis - ✔✔Growth of tiny collections of inflammatory cells seen with restrictive
CM
✔✔endomyocardial fibrosis - ✔✔Endocardial thickening seen with restrictive CM
✔✔hemochromatosis - ✔✔Excess iron and seen with restrictive CM
✔✔Pompes disease - ✔✔Glycogen storage
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Mural thrombus - ✔✔Is a Thrombus in contact with endocardial linning or with a wall
of a large vessel.
✔✔RWMA - ✔✔regional wall motion abnormalities
✔✔Ischemic cardiomyopathy - ✔✔Heart can no longer pump enough blood to the rest
of the body due to CAD.
✔✔Dresslers syndrome - ✔✔A type of pericarditis believed to be an immune system
response after damage to heart tissue or to pericardium.
✔✔Systemic arteries - ✔✔Carry blood from the heart to the bodys tissues
✔✔Pheochromocytoma - ✔✔Is a begnign renal medulla tumor which can cause
systemic htn
✔✔LV hypertrophy - ✔✔Is when the lt ventricular wall becomes thickened. (>1.2cm)
✔✔Pickwickian syndrome - ✔✔Obesity and is a cause for pulmonary hyn
✔✔Eisenmenger syndrome - ✔✔Reversal of long standing left to rt shunt due to PHTN.
Shunt is now rt to lt
✔✔Constrictive pericarditis - ✔✔Is an inflammed pericardium that causes scarring,
thickening, muscle tightening, or contracture.
✔✔Kussmauls sign - ✔✔Is With inspiration theres a rise in venous pressure.
✔✔Pericardial knock - ✔✔Is a sound in early diastole
✔✔Tamponade - ✔✔Compression of the heart caused by fluid collection in the sac
surrounding the heart
✔✔Pulsus paradoxus - ✔✔When systolic BP has respiratory variation. Aka pericardial
rub; audible sign to dx pericarditis
✔✔Becks triad - ✔✔A. Elevated venous pressure B.hypitension c.quiet heart
✔✔Uremia - ✔✔Urine in blood
✔✔Neoplastic disease - ✔✔Abnormal tissue
, ✔✔Friction rub - ✔✔Is a physical sign with PE. Its aka pericardial rub. Its an audible
sign to dx pericarditis.
✔✔Isovolumic relaxation - ✔✔Closure of AOV to the opening of the MV
✔✔Hypertrophic - ✔✔Condition in which the heart muscles become abnormally thick
✔✔ASH - ✔✔Asymmetrical septal hypertrophy is most common type of cardiomyopathy
✔✔IHSS - ✔✔Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis is an aliase for cardiomyopathy
✔✔Ace of spades - ✔✔Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
✔✔Cresendo-decresendo - ✔✔Loud and soft murmur
✔✔Amyl-nitrite - ✔✔Vasodilador to relieve chest pain (angina)
✔✔Beta blockers - ✔✔Class of meds used to manage cardiac arrhythmias and to
protect heart from 2nd heart attack
✔✔A wave Greater than E wave - ✔✔Dyastolic dysfunction, abnormal relaxation
✔✔Inderal - ✔✔Is a beta blocker that doesnt increase SAM it decreases HR &
decreases SAM with exercise
✔✔Chagas disease - ✔✔Posterior and apical thinning
✔✔Pulsus alternans - ✔✔Altering strong and weak pulse
✔✔B-notch MV - ✔✔Increased in LVEDP
✔✔Amyloidosis - ✔✔Buildup of amyloid proteins seen with restrictive CM
✔✔Sarcoidosis - ✔✔Growth of tiny collections of inflammatory cells seen with restrictive
CM
✔✔endomyocardial fibrosis - ✔✔Endocardial thickening seen with restrictive CM
✔✔hemochromatosis - ✔✔Excess iron and seen with restrictive CM
✔✔Pompes disease - ✔✔Glycogen storage
