PUBH 6011 Midterm Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Explain |how |energy |influences |human |health |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Energy |is |essential |for |
human |health, |well-being |and |comfort: |greater |energy |is |associated |with |better |health
Example: |infant |mortality |improvs |up |to |levels |of |about |2,000 |to |3,000 |kg |of |oil |equivalent |per
|person |per |year, |but |beyond |that, |rising |energy |use |is |not |associated |with |further |health |
improvement
Figures |14.1 |and |14.2
Fuel |ladder |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-With |greater |prosperity |and |technological |development |
comes |a |shift |toward |cleaner, |more |efficiency, |and |more |convenient |energy |sources, |with |the |
energy |generated |farther |from |the |point |of |use.
Define |ethical |considerations |on |what |is |meant |by |sustainable |development |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-
Petroleum |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-35% |in |the |US
Minor |role |in |electricity, |large |role |in |transportation, |most |dominant |energy |source |in |America
85% |of |it |becomes |fuel
Accounts |for |about |one |third |of |fuel |(gasoline, |diesel |fuel, |and |jet |fuel)
,Natural |Gas |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-29%
Natural |gas |has |been |considered |a |promising |bridge |energy |source |because |the |combustion |of
|methane, |its |main |component, |generates |about |half |the |carbon |dioxide |per |unit |of |energy |
released |as |the |combustion |of |coal, |and |fewer |other |air |pollutants.
However, |even |small |amounts |of |leakage |during |natural |gas |production, |transport, |and |use |
may |undermine |the |climate |change |advantage |of |this |source
Hydraulic |fracking |is |another |concern
Coal |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-14%
25% |of |energy |consumption |and |40% |of |electricity |generation |worldwide
Accounts |for |40% |of |CO2 |emissions |and |is |therefore |a |major |contributor |to |climate |change
Produced |through |surface |or |underground |mining- |both |dangerous |operations |for |workers, |
making |miners |at |risk
Many |modern |coal |mines |involve |mountaintop |removal |and |strip |mining, |processes |that |result
|in |ecological |damage, |stress |nearby |communities, |increase |the |risk |of |mudslides, |and |
contaminate |water |sources |with |waste |emissions
Nuclear |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-9%
Carbon-free, |but |also |potential |dangers |such |as |radiation |exposure, |storing |the |nuclear |waste, |
potential |for |catastrophic |accidents
Hydro |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-3%
Produced |when |flowing |water |strikes |the |blades |of |turbines |that |in |turn |generate |electricity
, Does |not |involve |combustion, |however |dams |may |disrupt |river |ecosystems |by |changing |water |
flow |and |temperature, |and |causing |sedimentation, |reduced |water |quality, |loss |of |wetlands, |
disruption |of |facilities, |and |greenhouse |gas |emissions
Other |potential |health |hazards: |population |displacement, |infectious |disease |risk, |and |disaster |
risk
Renewable |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-8%- |biomass, |solar, |wind
Biomass |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-5%
makes |electricity |heats/ |cools |homes
ethanol |and |biodiesel |
health |benefits: |reduction |of |greenhouse |gas |emissions |relative |to |fossil |fuel |use, |reduced |air |
pollution
Wind |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-2%
advantages: |absence |of |greenhouse |gases |and |other |pollutant |emissions |during |operation |and
|absence |of |a |waste |stream
has |more |workers |than |coal
Solar |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-0.6%
Photovoltaic |(solar |panels)
Correct Answers
Explain |how |energy |influences |human |health |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Energy |is |essential |for |
human |health, |well-being |and |comfort: |greater |energy |is |associated |with |better |health
Example: |infant |mortality |improvs |up |to |levels |of |about |2,000 |to |3,000 |kg |of |oil |equivalent |per
|person |per |year, |but |beyond |that, |rising |energy |use |is |not |associated |with |further |health |
improvement
Figures |14.1 |and |14.2
Fuel |ladder |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-With |greater |prosperity |and |technological |development |
comes |a |shift |toward |cleaner, |more |efficiency, |and |more |convenient |energy |sources, |with |the |
energy |generated |farther |from |the |point |of |use.
Define |ethical |considerations |on |what |is |meant |by |sustainable |development |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-
Petroleum |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-35% |in |the |US
Minor |role |in |electricity, |large |role |in |transportation, |most |dominant |energy |source |in |America
85% |of |it |becomes |fuel
Accounts |for |about |one |third |of |fuel |(gasoline, |diesel |fuel, |and |jet |fuel)
,Natural |Gas |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-29%
Natural |gas |has |been |considered |a |promising |bridge |energy |source |because |the |combustion |of
|methane, |its |main |component, |generates |about |half |the |carbon |dioxide |per |unit |of |energy |
released |as |the |combustion |of |coal, |and |fewer |other |air |pollutants.
However, |even |small |amounts |of |leakage |during |natural |gas |production, |transport, |and |use |
may |undermine |the |climate |change |advantage |of |this |source
Hydraulic |fracking |is |another |concern
Coal |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-14%
25% |of |energy |consumption |and |40% |of |electricity |generation |worldwide
Accounts |for |40% |of |CO2 |emissions |and |is |therefore |a |major |contributor |to |climate |change
Produced |through |surface |or |underground |mining- |both |dangerous |operations |for |workers, |
making |miners |at |risk
Many |modern |coal |mines |involve |mountaintop |removal |and |strip |mining, |processes |that |result
|in |ecological |damage, |stress |nearby |communities, |increase |the |risk |of |mudslides, |and |
contaminate |water |sources |with |waste |emissions
Nuclear |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-9%
Carbon-free, |but |also |potential |dangers |such |as |radiation |exposure, |storing |the |nuclear |waste, |
potential |for |catastrophic |accidents
Hydro |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-3%
Produced |when |flowing |water |strikes |the |blades |of |turbines |that |in |turn |generate |electricity
, Does |not |involve |combustion, |however |dams |may |disrupt |river |ecosystems |by |changing |water |
flow |and |temperature, |and |causing |sedimentation, |reduced |water |quality, |loss |of |wetlands, |
disruption |of |facilities, |and |greenhouse |gas |emissions
Other |potential |health |hazards: |population |displacement, |infectious |disease |risk, |and |disaster |
risk
Renewable |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-8%- |biomass, |solar, |wind
Biomass |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-5%
makes |electricity |heats/ |cools |homes
ethanol |and |biodiesel |
health |benefits: |reduction |of |greenhouse |gas |emissions |relative |to |fossil |fuel |use, |reduced |air |
pollution
Wind |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-2%
advantages: |absence |of |greenhouse |gases |and |other |pollutant |emissions |during |operation |and
|absence |of |a |waste |stream
has |more |workers |than |coal
Solar |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-0.6%
Photovoltaic |(solar |panels)
