BIOS252 Exam 3
Anatomy of the ear Outer ear:
-Tympanic membrane
-Auricle
-Auditory canal
Middle ear:
-Ossicles: Malleus, Stapes, Incus
-Auditory tube
Inner Ear:
Semicircular ducts
Vestibular nerve
Cochlear nerve
Cochlea
Vestibule
utricle and saccule function responsible for static equilibrium and the sense of linear acceleration
Utricle: forward or backward linear movement
Saccule: senses linear movement up and down
external auditory canal function -passage leading through temporal bone to tympanic membrane
-Produces Cerumen (earwax): blocks foreign particles, waterproofs,
and keep tympanic membrane pliable
2026/2027
, BIOS252 Exam 3
cochlea function hearing
semicircular canals function dynamic equilibrium (determining rotary motion of the head)
Eye Anatomy Tunica fibrosa: outer
Sclera: dense, collagenous white of the eye
Cornea: transparent region of modified sclera in front of eye
Tunica vasculosa: middle
Choroid: Highly vascular, pigmented layer behind retina
Ciliary body: extension of choroid; muscular ring around lens,
Supports lens and iris, Secretes aqueous humor
Iris: color diaphragm controlling size of pupil
Lens: Changes shape to help focus light
Pupil: The hole located in the iris that changes size to allow different
amounts of light into the inner eye.
Tunica interna:
Retina: detection of light
Describe the Cornea -transparent region of modified sclera in front of eye
-refracts light more than lens does
-Light passing through center of the cornea is not bent
Describe the macula -patch of hair cells and supporting cells in the saccule and utricle
-Macula sacculi: lies vertically on wall of saccule
-Macula utriculi: lies horizontally on floor of utricle
2026/2027
, BIOS252 Exam 3
Describe the Lens -Changes shape to help focus light
-Supported by ciliary body
-Rounded with no tension
-Flattened with pull of suspensory ligaments
Describe the Optic disc -No receptors where optic nerve exits retina(blind spot)
-Visual filling:
Brain fills in blind spot area
Describe the Posterior chamber -between iris and lens
-production and circulation of aqueous humor
Identify the location of the Utricle in vestibule
Identify the location of the ciliary body extension of choroid, behind iris
2026/2027
Anatomy of the ear Outer ear:
-Tympanic membrane
-Auricle
-Auditory canal
Middle ear:
-Ossicles: Malleus, Stapes, Incus
-Auditory tube
Inner Ear:
Semicircular ducts
Vestibular nerve
Cochlear nerve
Cochlea
Vestibule
utricle and saccule function responsible for static equilibrium and the sense of linear acceleration
Utricle: forward or backward linear movement
Saccule: senses linear movement up and down
external auditory canal function -passage leading through temporal bone to tympanic membrane
-Produces Cerumen (earwax): blocks foreign particles, waterproofs,
and keep tympanic membrane pliable
2026/2027
, BIOS252 Exam 3
cochlea function hearing
semicircular canals function dynamic equilibrium (determining rotary motion of the head)
Eye Anatomy Tunica fibrosa: outer
Sclera: dense, collagenous white of the eye
Cornea: transparent region of modified sclera in front of eye
Tunica vasculosa: middle
Choroid: Highly vascular, pigmented layer behind retina
Ciliary body: extension of choroid; muscular ring around lens,
Supports lens and iris, Secretes aqueous humor
Iris: color diaphragm controlling size of pupil
Lens: Changes shape to help focus light
Pupil: The hole located in the iris that changes size to allow different
amounts of light into the inner eye.
Tunica interna:
Retina: detection of light
Describe the Cornea -transparent region of modified sclera in front of eye
-refracts light more than lens does
-Light passing through center of the cornea is not bent
Describe the macula -patch of hair cells and supporting cells in the saccule and utricle
-Macula sacculi: lies vertically on wall of saccule
-Macula utriculi: lies horizontally on floor of utricle
2026/2027
, BIOS252 Exam 3
Describe the Lens -Changes shape to help focus light
-Supported by ciliary body
-Rounded with no tension
-Flattened with pull of suspensory ligaments
Describe the Optic disc -No receptors where optic nerve exits retina(blind spot)
-Visual filling:
Brain fills in blind spot area
Describe the Posterior chamber -between iris and lens
-production and circulation of aqueous humor
Identify the location of the Utricle in vestibule
Identify the location of the ciliary body extension of choroid, behind iris
2026/2027
