MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE
REVIEW - HARR – HEMATOLOGY
EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS.
Insufficient centrifugation will result in:
A. A false increase in hematocrit (Hct) value
B. A false decrease in Hct value
C. No effect on Hct value
D. All of these options, depending on the patient - ANS A Insufficient centrifugation does not
pack down the red blood cells; therefore, the Hct, which is the volume of packed cells, will
increase.
Variation in red cell size observed on the peripheral smear is described as:
A. Anisocytosis
B. Hypochromia
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,C. Poikilocytosis
D. Pleocytosis - ANS A A mature erythrocyte is approximately 7-8 μm in diameter. Variation in
normal size is denoted by the term anisocytosis. Hypochromia is a term that indicates increased
central pallor in erythrocytes, and poikilocytosis denotes variation in red cell shape.
Which of the following is the preferable site for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in an adult?
A. Iliac crest
B. Sternum
C. Tibia
D. Spinous processes of a vertebra - ANS A The iliac crest is the most frequently used site for
one marrow aspiration and biopsy. This site is the safest and most easily accessible, with the
bone just beneath the skin, and neither blood vessels nor nerves are in the vicinity.
Mean cell volume (MCV) is calculated using the following formula:
A. (Hgb ÷ RBC) × 10
B. (Hct ÷ RBC) × 10
C. (Hct ÷ Hgb) × 100
D. (Hgb ÷ RBC) × 100 - ANS B MCV is the average "volume" of the red cells. This is obtained by
dividing the Hct or packed cell volume PCV) by the red blood cell (RBC) count in millions per
microliter of blood and multiplying by 10. The MCV is expressed in cubic microns (μm3) or
femtoliters (fL).
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,What term describes the change in shape of erythrocytes seen on a Wright's-stained peripheral
blood smear?
A. Poikilocytosis
B. Anisocytosis
C. Hypochromia
D. Polychromasia - ANS A Variation in shape of the erythrocytes on a peripheral blood smear
is poikilocytosis. Anisocytosis refers to a change in size. Hypochromia is an increase in central
pallor in erythrocytes. Polychromasia describes the bluish tinge of the immature erythrocytes
(reticulocytes) circulating in the peripheral blood.
Calculate the mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) using the following values:
Hgb: 15 g/dL (150 g/L)
Hct: 47 mL/dL (0.47)
RBC: 4.50 × 106/μL (4.50 × 1012/L)
A. 9.5% (.095)
B. 10.4% (.104)
C. 31.9% (.319)
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, D. 33.3% (.333) - ANS C MCHC is the average concentration of Hgb in red cells expressed as a
percentage. It expresses the ratio of the weight of Hgb to the volume of erythrocytes and is
calculated by dividing Hgb by the Hct, and then multiplying by 100. A decreased MCHC indicates
that cells are hypochromic. In this example, (15 ÷ 47) × 100 = 31.9%. The reference range for
MCHC is 32%-36%.
A manual white blood cell (WBC) count was performed. A total of 36 cells were counted in all 9-
mm2 squares of a Neubauer-ruled hemacytometer. A 1:10 dilution was used. What is the WBC
count?
A. 0.4 × 109/L
B. 2.5 × 109/L
C. 4.0 × 109/L
D. 8.0 × 109/L - ANS A The formula used for calculating manual cell counts using a
hemacytometer is: Number of cells counted × dilution factor × depth factor (10) divided by the
area. In this example, 36 × 10 × 10 = 3600 ÷ 9 = 400/mm3 or 0.4 × 109/L.
When an erythrocyte containing iron granules is
stained with Prussian blue, the cell is called a:
A. Spherocyte
B. Leptocyte
C. Schistocyte
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REVIEW - HARR – HEMATOLOGY
EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS.
Insufficient centrifugation will result in:
A. A false increase in hematocrit (Hct) value
B. A false decrease in Hct value
C. No effect on Hct value
D. All of these options, depending on the patient - ANS A Insufficient centrifugation does not
pack down the red blood cells; therefore, the Hct, which is the volume of packed cells, will
increase.
Variation in red cell size observed on the peripheral smear is described as:
A. Anisocytosis
B. Hypochromia
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,C. Poikilocytosis
D. Pleocytosis - ANS A A mature erythrocyte is approximately 7-8 μm in diameter. Variation in
normal size is denoted by the term anisocytosis. Hypochromia is a term that indicates increased
central pallor in erythrocytes, and poikilocytosis denotes variation in red cell shape.
Which of the following is the preferable site for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in an adult?
A. Iliac crest
B. Sternum
C. Tibia
D. Spinous processes of a vertebra - ANS A The iliac crest is the most frequently used site for
one marrow aspiration and biopsy. This site is the safest and most easily accessible, with the
bone just beneath the skin, and neither blood vessels nor nerves are in the vicinity.
Mean cell volume (MCV) is calculated using the following formula:
A. (Hgb ÷ RBC) × 10
B. (Hct ÷ RBC) × 10
C. (Hct ÷ Hgb) × 100
D. (Hgb ÷ RBC) × 100 - ANS B MCV is the average "volume" of the red cells. This is obtained by
dividing the Hct or packed cell volume PCV) by the red blood cell (RBC) count in millions per
microliter of blood and multiplying by 10. The MCV is expressed in cubic microns (μm3) or
femtoliters (fL).
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,What term describes the change in shape of erythrocytes seen on a Wright's-stained peripheral
blood smear?
A. Poikilocytosis
B. Anisocytosis
C. Hypochromia
D. Polychromasia - ANS A Variation in shape of the erythrocytes on a peripheral blood smear
is poikilocytosis. Anisocytosis refers to a change in size. Hypochromia is an increase in central
pallor in erythrocytes. Polychromasia describes the bluish tinge of the immature erythrocytes
(reticulocytes) circulating in the peripheral blood.
Calculate the mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) using the following values:
Hgb: 15 g/dL (150 g/L)
Hct: 47 mL/dL (0.47)
RBC: 4.50 × 106/μL (4.50 × 1012/L)
A. 9.5% (.095)
B. 10.4% (.104)
C. 31.9% (.319)
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, D. 33.3% (.333) - ANS C MCHC is the average concentration of Hgb in red cells expressed as a
percentage. It expresses the ratio of the weight of Hgb to the volume of erythrocytes and is
calculated by dividing Hgb by the Hct, and then multiplying by 100. A decreased MCHC indicates
that cells are hypochromic. In this example, (15 ÷ 47) × 100 = 31.9%. The reference range for
MCHC is 32%-36%.
A manual white blood cell (WBC) count was performed. A total of 36 cells were counted in all 9-
mm2 squares of a Neubauer-ruled hemacytometer. A 1:10 dilution was used. What is the WBC
count?
A. 0.4 × 109/L
B. 2.5 × 109/L
C. 4.0 × 109/L
D. 8.0 × 109/L - ANS A The formula used for calculating manual cell counts using a
hemacytometer is: Number of cells counted × dilution factor × depth factor (10) divided by the
area. In this example, 36 × 10 × 10 = 3600 ÷ 9 = 400/mm3 or 0.4 × 109/L.
When an erythrocyte containing iron granules is
stained with Prussian blue, the cell is called a:
A. Spherocyte
B. Leptocyte
C. Schistocyte
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