Bio 110 exam 3 Joseph Richards
Questions with Verified Answers
What is Photosynthesis? - ANSWERSEnergy in light is captured to synthesize
carbohydrates
What is the chemical equation of photosynthesis? - ANSWERSLight Energy + 6CO2 +
6H2O --> C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2
What is oxidized and reduced in photosynthesis? - ANSWERS•H2O is oxidized
•CO2 is reduced
What kind of reaction is photosynthesis? - ANSWERSendergonic
What drives photosynthesis? - ANSWERSEnergy from light
What is the biosphere? How is it powered? - ANSWERSAll regions on the Earth where
living organisms exist
Photosynthetic power
What is the energy cycle? - ANSWERSThe use of organic molecules for energy, which
is replenished by photosynthesis in plants
What are the 3 trophic levels? What do they mean? - ANSWERSHeterotrophs: Must eat
food to sustain life
Autotrophs: Make organic molecules from inorganic sources for food
Photoautotrophs: Use light as a source of energy and CO2 as a carbon source
What is the chloroplast? - ANSWERSOrganelle in plant and algae cells that carry out
photosynthesis
What is chlorophyll? - ANSWERSA green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants,
algae, and some bacteria
Where does photosynthesis occur? - ANSWERSMajority of photosynthesis occurs
internally in cells of leaves, in the mesophyll tissue
,What is stomata? - ANSWERSA pore in the leaf where Carbon dioxide enters and
oxygen exits the leaf
What is the anatomy of the chloroplast membranes? - ANSWERSOuter and inner
membrane is separated by the inter membrane space
What is the thylakoid membrane and what does it have? - ANSWERSMembrane bound
compartment inside chloroplast
contains
pigment molecules
Membrane forms thylakoids
Enclose thylakoid lumen
Fluid filled space between the thylakoid membrane and inner membrane
What is a granum? - ANSWERSstack of thylakoids
What is the stroma of a chloroplast? - ANSWERSFluid filled region between thylakoid
membrane and inner membrane
What is the first stage of photosynthesis? What does it use? Where does it take place?
What does it produce? - ANSWERSLight Reactions
Light energy
Thylakoid membranes
ATP, NADPH, and O2
What is NADPH? How is it made? - ANSWERSA similar molecule to NADH
NADP+ accepts 2 electrons and H+ to convert to NADPH
What is the second stage of photosynthesis? Where does it occur? How does it work? -
ANSWERSThe Calvin Cycle
Stroma
ATP and NADPH give electrons and energy to put CO2 into carbohydrate molecules
What is light a type of? - ANSWERSElectromagnetic radiation
How does light travel? - ANSWERSas waves
What do wavelengths imply about energy? - ANSWERSShorter wavelengths have more
energy
, Longer wavelengths have less energy
What is the range of the electromagnetic spectrum? What is on the two ends of the
spectrum? - ANSWERSHigh energy and short wavelength to low energy and long
wavelength
Gamma waves and radio waves
What is the visible light spectrum? - ANSWERS380 nm to 740 nm
Why are leaves green? - ANSWERSThey absorb red and violet light but reflect green
wavelengths
What do wavelengths of light depend on for pigments? - ANSWERSAmount of energy
needed to boost an electron to a higher orbital
How does having different pigments impact plants? - ANSWERSAllows plants to absorb
light as many different wavelengths
When a photon hits an electron, what happens? Is the electron then stable or unstable?
What does this process release? - ANSWERSIt boosts from the ground (unexcited)
state to a higher energy level (photoexcited)
Unstable
Energy as heat or light
What happens when electrons are captured by molecules? - ANSWERSExcited
electrons are transferred to another molecule
What does chlorophylls a and b contain in its structure? - ANSWERSA porphyrin ring
What is the absorption spectrum? What does it affect? - ANSWERSWavelengths that
are absorbed by different pigments
Rate of photosynthesis by the whole plant at specific wavelengths
What is produced when light energy is transferred to other molecules? -
ANSWERSEnergy intermediate molecules for cellular work
What do thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts contain? What are they and when were
they discovered? - ANSWERSPhotosystem II (PSII); step 1 of photosynthesis,
discovered 2nd
Photosystem I (PSI); step 2 of photosynthesis, discovered 1st
Questions with Verified Answers
What is Photosynthesis? - ANSWERSEnergy in light is captured to synthesize
carbohydrates
What is the chemical equation of photosynthesis? - ANSWERSLight Energy + 6CO2 +
6H2O --> C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2
What is oxidized and reduced in photosynthesis? - ANSWERS•H2O is oxidized
•CO2 is reduced
What kind of reaction is photosynthesis? - ANSWERSendergonic
What drives photosynthesis? - ANSWERSEnergy from light
What is the biosphere? How is it powered? - ANSWERSAll regions on the Earth where
living organisms exist
Photosynthetic power
What is the energy cycle? - ANSWERSThe use of organic molecules for energy, which
is replenished by photosynthesis in plants
What are the 3 trophic levels? What do they mean? - ANSWERSHeterotrophs: Must eat
food to sustain life
Autotrophs: Make organic molecules from inorganic sources for food
Photoautotrophs: Use light as a source of energy and CO2 as a carbon source
What is the chloroplast? - ANSWERSOrganelle in plant and algae cells that carry out
photosynthesis
What is chlorophyll? - ANSWERSA green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants,
algae, and some bacteria
Where does photosynthesis occur? - ANSWERSMajority of photosynthesis occurs
internally in cells of leaves, in the mesophyll tissue
,What is stomata? - ANSWERSA pore in the leaf where Carbon dioxide enters and
oxygen exits the leaf
What is the anatomy of the chloroplast membranes? - ANSWERSOuter and inner
membrane is separated by the inter membrane space
What is the thylakoid membrane and what does it have? - ANSWERSMembrane bound
compartment inside chloroplast
contains
pigment molecules
Membrane forms thylakoids
Enclose thylakoid lumen
Fluid filled space between the thylakoid membrane and inner membrane
What is a granum? - ANSWERSstack of thylakoids
What is the stroma of a chloroplast? - ANSWERSFluid filled region between thylakoid
membrane and inner membrane
What is the first stage of photosynthesis? What does it use? Where does it take place?
What does it produce? - ANSWERSLight Reactions
Light energy
Thylakoid membranes
ATP, NADPH, and O2
What is NADPH? How is it made? - ANSWERSA similar molecule to NADH
NADP+ accepts 2 electrons and H+ to convert to NADPH
What is the second stage of photosynthesis? Where does it occur? How does it work? -
ANSWERSThe Calvin Cycle
Stroma
ATP and NADPH give electrons and energy to put CO2 into carbohydrate molecules
What is light a type of? - ANSWERSElectromagnetic radiation
How does light travel? - ANSWERSas waves
What do wavelengths imply about energy? - ANSWERSShorter wavelengths have more
energy
, Longer wavelengths have less energy
What is the range of the electromagnetic spectrum? What is on the two ends of the
spectrum? - ANSWERSHigh energy and short wavelength to low energy and long
wavelength
Gamma waves and radio waves
What is the visible light spectrum? - ANSWERS380 nm to 740 nm
Why are leaves green? - ANSWERSThey absorb red and violet light but reflect green
wavelengths
What do wavelengths of light depend on for pigments? - ANSWERSAmount of energy
needed to boost an electron to a higher orbital
How does having different pigments impact plants? - ANSWERSAllows plants to absorb
light as many different wavelengths
When a photon hits an electron, what happens? Is the electron then stable or unstable?
What does this process release? - ANSWERSIt boosts from the ground (unexcited)
state to a higher energy level (photoexcited)
Unstable
Energy as heat or light
What happens when electrons are captured by molecules? - ANSWERSExcited
electrons are transferred to another molecule
What does chlorophylls a and b contain in its structure? - ANSWERSA porphyrin ring
What is the absorption spectrum? What does it affect? - ANSWERSWavelengths that
are absorbed by different pigments
Rate of photosynthesis by the whole plant at specific wavelengths
What is produced when light energy is transferred to other molecules? -
ANSWERSEnergy intermediate molecules for cellular work
What do thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts contain? What are they and when were
they discovered? - ANSWERSPhotosystem II (PSII); step 1 of photosynthesis,
discovered 2nd
Photosystem I (PSI); step 2 of photosynthesis, discovered 1st
