ASU BIO 181 EXAM 2 Questions and
Answers 2026
The double helix of DNA is wrapped about 1¾ times around which of these
components? - ANSWER-Nucleosome
Which enzyme unwraps the double helix? - ANSWER-Helicase
In the ribosome, what is the name of the bond that links one amino acid to the next? -
ANSWER-peptide bonds
List the two basic categories of nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids. - ANSWER-purine
and pyrimidine
In DNA, what does the nucleotide labeled as A pair with? - ANSWER-Thymine
During DNA replication is greatly reduced by enzymes that proof read the newly
replicated DNA. - ANSWER-True
How many hydrogen bonds are there between an A and its paired nucleotide? -
ANSWER-2
During mRNA maturation what is the name of the part of the mRNA that is removed? -
ANSWER-introns
Which strand is produced more rapidly? - ANSWER-Leading strand
During DNA replication in the lagging strand there is production of this component? -
ANSWER-Okazaki fragment
How many "stop" codons exist? - ANSWER-3
DNA replication in eukaryotes is sped up by multiple origins of replication. - ANSWER-
true
RNA synthesis, also called RNA transcription occurs in three phases. List them from
beginning to end in order. - ANSWER-initiation, elongation, termination
Which nucleotide is different in RNA compared to DNA? - ANSWER-uridine
There are two types of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. These two types can be
distinguished because the polyribosome is either or . - ANSWER-free; membrane
bound
In eukaryotic cells the start codon for protein synthesis is . - ANSWER-Aug
, Draw the sugar in DNA and label the carbons as discussed in the lecture. Then circle
the carbon that is different in RNA. - ANSWER-
Which sugar is present in RNA? - ANSWER-ribose
For DNA Polymerase III to work which of these components has to act first? -
ANSWER-Primase
RNA is double stranded. - ANSWER-False
In the lagging stand, the DNA is read from the parental DNA's 3' to 5' end. - ANSWER-
True
Which enzyme is used first to permit DNA polymerase III to begin replicating the 3'
strand? - ANSWER-Primase
Strands of the backbone of DNA are parallel? - ANSWER-False
The DNA polymerase that replicates the parental strand of DNA reads the parental DNA
from 5' to 3" and makes a new DNA strand from 3' to 5'. - ANSWER-False
Uridine is a nucleotide in DNA. - ANSWER-False
List one type of post-translational modification - ANSWER-proteolysis
Replication of DNA is semi-conservative. - ANSWER-True
Protein synthesis changes from the language of to the language of . - ANSWER-
nucleotide; amino acid
In the ribosome, what pairs with the codon? - ANSWER-anticodon
The genetic code for the conversion of mRNA codons to proteins has redundancy. -
ANSWER-True
Assume that you have a eukaryotic cell with three chromosomes within it. How many 5'
ends would there be? - ANSWER-Gap 1: 6 Gap 2: 12
The Calvin-Benson cycle takes in _____________ and _____________ from the light
reaction and also _____________ ____________ to make carbohydrates. - ANSWER-
ATP; NADPH+H+ ; carbon dioxide
The antenna system is in the _____________ membranes. - ANSWER-thylakoid
Answers 2026
The double helix of DNA is wrapped about 1¾ times around which of these
components? - ANSWER-Nucleosome
Which enzyme unwraps the double helix? - ANSWER-Helicase
In the ribosome, what is the name of the bond that links one amino acid to the next? -
ANSWER-peptide bonds
List the two basic categories of nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids. - ANSWER-purine
and pyrimidine
In DNA, what does the nucleotide labeled as A pair with? - ANSWER-Thymine
During DNA replication is greatly reduced by enzymes that proof read the newly
replicated DNA. - ANSWER-True
How many hydrogen bonds are there between an A and its paired nucleotide? -
ANSWER-2
During mRNA maturation what is the name of the part of the mRNA that is removed? -
ANSWER-introns
Which strand is produced more rapidly? - ANSWER-Leading strand
During DNA replication in the lagging strand there is production of this component? -
ANSWER-Okazaki fragment
How many "stop" codons exist? - ANSWER-3
DNA replication in eukaryotes is sped up by multiple origins of replication. - ANSWER-
true
RNA synthesis, also called RNA transcription occurs in three phases. List them from
beginning to end in order. - ANSWER-initiation, elongation, termination
Which nucleotide is different in RNA compared to DNA? - ANSWER-uridine
There are two types of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. These two types can be
distinguished because the polyribosome is either or . - ANSWER-free; membrane
bound
In eukaryotic cells the start codon for protein synthesis is . - ANSWER-Aug
, Draw the sugar in DNA and label the carbons as discussed in the lecture. Then circle
the carbon that is different in RNA. - ANSWER-
Which sugar is present in RNA? - ANSWER-ribose
For DNA Polymerase III to work which of these components has to act first? -
ANSWER-Primase
RNA is double stranded. - ANSWER-False
In the lagging stand, the DNA is read from the parental DNA's 3' to 5' end. - ANSWER-
True
Which enzyme is used first to permit DNA polymerase III to begin replicating the 3'
strand? - ANSWER-Primase
Strands of the backbone of DNA are parallel? - ANSWER-False
The DNA polymerase that replicates the parental strand of DNA reads the parental DNA
from 5' to 3" and makes a new DNA strand from 3' to 5'. - ANSWER-False
Uridine is a nucleotide in DNA. - ANSWER-False
List one type of post-translational modification - ANSWER-proteolysis
Replication of DNA is semi-conservative. - ANSWER-True
Protein synthesis changes from the language of to the language of . - ANSWER-
nucleotide; amino acid
In the ribosome, what pairs with the codon? - ANSWER-anticodon
The genetic code for the conversion of mRNA codons to proteins has redundancy. -
ANSWER-True
Assume that you have a eukaryotic cell with three chromosomes within it. How many 5'
ends would there be? - ANSWER-Gap 1: 6 Gap 2: 12
The Calvin-Benson cycle takes in _____________ and _____________ from the light
reaction and also _____________ ____________ to make carbohydrates. - ANSWER-
ATP; NADPH+H+ ; carbon dioxide
The antenna system is in the _____________ membranes. - ANSWER-thylakoid
