TEST BANK OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
300+ Comprehensive 2026-2027 Frequently Tested
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1. Vitamins - ANSWER organic compounds required by every part of the
body to maintain health and prevent disease. Classified as either fat-soluble
or water-soluble. Do not become part of the body. Only small amounts are
needed, but must be provided by the diet because the body is not able to
synthesize them in the required quantities for proper nourishment and
body function. Foster growth, promote the ability to produce healthy
offspring, maintain health, aid in the normal function of the digestive tract
and appetite, and help maintain immune system functions.
2. Fat-soluble vitamins - ANSWER found in the fatty parts of food and body
tissues. Stored in the body until needed, so it is not necessary to consume
them every day. Transported by lipids through the body; A, D, E, and K
3. Vitamin A - ANSWER important in promoting growth and health of body
tissues as well as enhancing the function of the immune system. Enhances
vision by helping the retina function properly, permitting us to distinguish
between light and shade and to see various colors distinctly. A form of this
is used by dermatologists to treat acne and other skin disorders. Overdoses
may result in yellowish, dry, scaly skin and dry, irritated eyes
,4. Vitamin D - ANSWER essential for calcium absorption and thus is
needed to prevent and cure rickets(deficiency disease in which bones fail to
harden)
5. Vitamin E - ANSWER an activator in certain enzyme reactions, and it
protects vitamins A and C from being used up too quickly
6. Vitamin K - ANSWER essential for the synthesis of prothrombin, a
substance needed for normal blood coagulation.
7. Water-soluble vitamins - ANSWER associated with the watery parts of
food and body tissues. Not stored by the body. Excess amounts are usually
excreted in the urine and, therefore, should be provided in the diet on a
regular basis. Includes the B vitamins and vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
8. B vitamins - ANSWER essential to daily human nutrition. Known as the
B-complex group, they help body systems combat stress and maintain
energy reserves. The B-complex group consists of vitamin B1 (thiamin),
vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin
B12 (cobalamin), folic acid, and biotin.
9. Vitamin B1 (thiamin) - ANSWER necessary for carbohydrate metabolism.
Aids in the release of energy from food
,10.Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) - ANSWER helps body cells use oxygen, promotes
tissue repair, and helps the nervous system function properly
11.Vitamin B3 (niacin) - ANSWER essential to growth; without it, thiamin
and riboflavin could not function properly in the body
12.Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) - ANSWER necessary for healthy teeth and
gums and helps maintain normal body cholesterol. Further, it aids in the
production of antibodies
13.Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) - ANSWER works in conjunction with folic acid
and iron to build normal blood cells and prevent pernicious anemia
14.Folic acid - ANSWER aids in the proper growth and reproduction of
blood cells and contributes to healthy skin. Also helps prevent neural tube
defects in the fetus during pregnancy
15.Biotin - ANSWER necessary for the proper use of fats, carbohydrates,
and protein and helps produce antibodies
16.Vitamin C - ANSWER vital in preventing scurvy, in the formation and
maintenance of collagen (the cementing material that holds cells together),
in the normal metabolism of some amino acids, and in the function of the
adrenal glands
, 17.Inorganic compounds - ANSWER present in the body in small amounts,
but play a vital role in nutrition.
18.Cholesterol - ANSWER used to build cell membranes and brain and
other nervous tissue. Among other functions, helps the body produce
steroid hormones needed for the regulation of blood sugar, salt and water
balance, production of bile acids needed for digestion, and reproduction.
19.Nutrients - ANSWER the substances in food needed to support life
functions. provide energy that the body needs
20.Saturated fat - ANSWER has the maximum possible number of hydrogen
atoms attached to every carbon atom. There are only single bonds between
the carbon atoms. Mostly found in foods of animal origin such as animal fat,
beef, butter, chicken eggs, and whole milk. Raises blood cholesterol more
than other forms of fat
21.Unsaturated fat - ANSWER has a double bond between two of the
carbons and thus lack a pair of the hydrogen atoms. Mostly found in foods
of plant origin, including vegetable oils (corn, olive, soybean, peanut, and
safflower oils) and some seafoods.
22.Monounsaturated fatty acid - ANSWER Only one pair of hydrogen atoms
missing. Olive and canola oils