BIOD 171 Essential Microbiology Portage Learning
Module 3 Exam Questions and Answers 100%
verified 2025/2026
The study of microbes (microorganisms and viruses) and their biological processes
- Answer-Microbiology
What is the smallest biological unit of life - Answer-A cell
Classified as a complex molecule that is composed from smaller subunits -
Answer-Macromolecule
What are the four main types of macromolecules? - Answer-Proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids
What various functions do proteins have in a cell? - Answer-Proteins may facilitate
the movement of materials in or out of a cell. Some can act as enzymes that
catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes. Others play a structural role while
other proteins, such as filaments, enable movement.
what re the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles? - Answer-DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). Nucleic acids are chemical
molecules that carry genetic information within the cell. DNA contains a vast
amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable
, characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the
hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
Serves the cell as a surrounding barrier that separates the inside of the cell from
the outside surrounding environment. The plasma membrane also restricts the
movement of materials (water, nutrients, etc) either in or out of the cell, thus
allowing a cells to absorb and keep what is needed (influx) while also preventing
the escape (out flux) of lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons) - Answer-Plasma
membrane and what it is made up of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Examples would include, C6H10O5 (glucose)
C12H22O11 (surcose) and C6H10O5 (cellulose) - Answer-The three main
components of carbohydrates
Contain a nucleus, a membrane enclosed region within the cell that contains the
genetic material. - Answer-Eukaryotic cells
Cells do not contain a nucleus and can be further classified as either Bacteria and
Archaea - Answer-Prokaryotic cells
Coccus (round/spherical), bacillus (rod), Vibrio (curved rod) or spirillum
(spiral/corkscrew) - Answer-Main morphologies of bacteria
Which group of microbes is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions?
- Answer-Archaea. They are able to survive in extremely harsh environmental
conditions such as high salt levels, acid conditions, high temperatures and oxygen-
poor conditions
Module 3 Exam Questions and Answers 100%
verified 2025/2026
The study of microbes (microorganisms and viruses) and their biological processes
- Answer-Microbiology
What is the smallest biological unit of life - Answer-A cell
Classified as a complex molecule that is composed from smaller subunits -
Answer-Macromolecule
What are the four main types of macromolecules? - Answer-Proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids
What various functions do proteins have in a cell? - Answer-Proteins may facilitate
the movement of materials in or out of a cell. Some can act as enzymes that
catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes. Others play a structural role while
other proteins, such as filaments, enable movement.
what re the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles? - Answer-DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). Nucleic acids are chemical
molecules that carry genetic information within the cell. DNA contains a vast
amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable
, characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the
hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
Serves the cell as a surrounding barrier that separates the inside of the cell from
the outside surrounding environment. The plasma membrane also restricts the
movement of materials (water, nutrients, etc) either in or out of the cell, thus
allowing a cells to absorb and keep what is needed (influx) while also preventing
the escape (out flux) of lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons) - Answer-Plasma
membrane and what it is made up of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Examples would include, C6H10O5 (glucose)
C12H22O11 (surcose) and C6H10O5 (cellulose) - Answer-The three main
components of carbohydrates
Contain a nucleus, a membrane enclosed region within the cell that contains the
genetic material. - Answer-Eukaryotic cells
Cells do not contain a nucleus and can be further classified as either Bacteria and
Archaea - Answer-Prokaryotic cells
Coccus (round/spherical), bacillus (rod), Vibrio (curved rod) or spirillum
(spiral/corkscrew) - Answer-Main morphologies of bacteria
Which group of microbes is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions?
- Answer-Archaea. They are able to survive in extremely harsh environmental
conditions such as high salt levels, acid conditions, high temperatures and oxygen-
poor conditions
