SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔renal calculi - ✔✔(Kidney Stones) high concentrations of solutes in urine trigger
crystalization in renal pelvis. calcium, magnesium, uric acid. alkaline urine is a
contributing factor
✔✔Crohn's disease - ✔✔chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the
ileum and colon
✔✔Irritabel Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - ✔✔
✔✔gastroenteritis - ✔✔inflammation of the stomach and intestines
✔✔hepatitis A - ✔✔a form of viral hepatitis transmitted in food, causing fever and
jaundice.
✔✔Anemia Workup - ✔✔CBC with RBC indices
Peripheral Blood Smear
Bone Marrow
✔✔Anemia types - ✔✔iron deficiency anemia
aplastic anemia
sickle cell anemia
pernicious anemia
✔✔Paget's disease - ✔✔intraductal carcinoma in the breast.
ss/s= history of eczema like rash to area on breast that my progresss to lesion, then
ulcer
✔✔inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) - ✔✔rare but aggressive form of breast cancer in
which the cancer cells block the lymphatic vessels in the skin of the breast.
- common among AA.
-skin maybe pitted or have peas d'orange/bruise
_
✔✔ovarian cancer - ✔✔cancerous tumor formed within ovary.
-seen in older women
-usually has metastasized by time its diagnosis
-s/s of metastasis include- bone/abdominal pain, blurred vision.
✔✔transformational zone - ✔✔an area of the cervix that is more likely to develop
abnormal cells
, ✔✔polycystic ovarian syndrome - ✔✔characterized by multiple cysts on the ovaries and
high androgen levels.
s/s = acne, hirsutism, oligomenorrhea
✔✔ovarian cycle - ✔✔The 28 days of the menstrual cycle as they apply to events in the
ovary. The ovarian cycle has three subphases: the follicular phase, ovulation, and the
luteal phase.
✔✔Ovulation - ✔✔The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube each
month
✔✔Pap smear - ✔✔Test for early detection of cervical cancer; scraping of cells
removed from cervix for examination under microscope.
_ should not be performed during menstration
-best time is between 10-20 days.
-teach pt to avoid douching/vaginal foams before test.
- sample should have both squamous epithelial cells and endocervical cells.
✔✔abnormal pap smear - ✔✔The lab will automatically perfume HPV testing.
-if HPV type 16 and 18, referring pt for colposcopy & cervical biopsy.
-if endometrial cell present, refer for endometrial biopys
-epithelial lesions, hpv test and refer for colposcopy & cervical biopsy.
-
✔✔Whiff test - ✔✔A test for bacterial vaginosis (BV). A positive result occurs when a
strong, fishlike odor is released after one to two drops of KOH are added to the slide (or
a cotton swab soaked with discharge).
✔✔MY CUPLETS - ✔✔contraindications to contraceeptivds.
MY- Migraines with focal neurologic aura
C-CAD or CVA
U-undiagnosed genital bleeding.
P-pregnant or suspected pregnancy
L-liveer tumor/active liver disease
E-etsrogen dependent tumor
T-Thrombus or emboli
S-Smoker age 35 or older
✔✔Starting contraceptives - ✔✔1- rule out pregnancy
2- tell to us aback-up contraception for first 2 weeks
3-may start on first Sunday during period or day one period
4- F/U appointment in 2-3 months
5- enc wait at least 3 months before changing brands.
6- it pt misses pill x1- advisee to take 2 pills on that day, continue