DETAILED SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED
◍ According to Lawrence Kohlberg, which of the following
milestones in the development of an individual's moral reasoning
would most likely be achieved last? Answer: The individual expresses
values based on his or her own conscience and informed by universal
principles of justice and equality
◍ Which of the following situations most clearly illustrates how a
student's development in one domain (e.g., cognitive, linguistic,
physical, social, emotional) can affect development and/or
performance in another domain? Answer: a student with low-self
esteem refuses to attempt new or challenging learning tasks because
he is sure he will fail
◍ A science teacher assigns a class of seventh graders to write two
paragraphs, one presenting arguments that justify the use of animals
for experimentation and the other arguing against this practice. Which
of the following is likely to be the most important benefit of this
assignment? Answer: promoting students' ability to recognize and
appreciate alternative perspectives
◍ A ninth -grade teacher is aware that students at this age differ
widely in their level of cognitive development. Which of the
following approaches would best address this range of development?
Answer: alternating presentations that introduce abstract concepts
with related hands-on activities
,◍ A high school teacher is planning a unit on personal budgets. The
teacher's goal is to promote student readiness to assume adult roles
and responsibilities. The teacher can best achieve this goal by
developing a unit that includes opportunities for students to: Answer:
practice skills used in setting priorities and making sound financial
decisions
◍ A middle school will begin offering exploratory classes as part of
the curriculum. Students will be able to choose two exploratory
classes to attend once a week during each semester. Exploratory
classes will address topics such as web site construction, horticulture,
photography, chess, dance, and creative writing. This change in the
curriculum is especially appropriate for middle school students
because it: Answer: allows students to identify their particular abilities
and interests and use different kinds of thinking skills.
◍ According to research, a student with a field-dependent cognitive
style is likely to learn best when instruction: Answer: includes many
individual tasks emphasizing analysis and problem solving
◍ A history teacher often has classes reenact important historical
events they are studying, with students assuming the roles of various
individuals and groups associated with the events. Which of the
following statements about the learning process best supports the
teacher's use of this strategy? Answer: Activities that make unfamiliar
content more concrete enhance students' ability to construct meaning
from new information
,◍ Teachers on a middle school teaching team wish to help students
develop a sense of personal responsibility with regard to their
learning. Which of the following practices would be most effective in
promoting this outcome? Answer: having students maintain a
planning calendar on which they record and monitor their progress in
completing assignments for each of their classes
◍ When students are working math problems independently, the
teacher asks the students questions such as "How did you decide
which operation to use?" and "What steps did you take to get this
solution?" By taking this role during students' independent work, the
teacher is most likely to achieve which of the following outcomes?
Answer: promoting student awareness and understanding their own
thinking processes
◍ Which of the following factors in a middle school classroom is
likely to have the most significant positive effect on learning?
Answer: the organization and efficiency with which classroom
learning space and materials are used
◍ Within a classroom, a teacher would most appropriately use
homogeneous grouping bas3ed on student achievement to achieve
which of the following goals? Answer: providing brief, targeted
instruction in one or more specific skills students have yet to master
◍ A middle school science teacher regularly uses a strategy called
"word journal" with students. Students first participate in a learning
experience such as a lecture, demonstration, or hands-on activity.
Then the teacher asks students to think about the experience and
, choose a single word to summarize the experience. Students write the
word they chose in their "word journal", along with a brief
explanation of they chose that particular word. Which of the
following is likely to be the most important benefit of this strategy for
student learning?
A. Helping students connect new content to existing knowledge
B. enhancing students' ability to communicate complex information
effectively
C. maintaining students' interest and attention during instruction
D. prompting students' active engagement and in-depth processing of
content Answer: D. promoting students' active engagement and in-
depth processing of content
◍ Thinking back to the science teacher's strategy with the "word
journal", the teacher would like to expand this strategy in a way that is
responsive to the unique characteristics of middle school students.
The teacher can best achieve this goal by having students:
A. discuss their selected words and explanations with their peers in
small groups
B. vote on one word, from all of the words students selected, that best
summarizes the learning experience.
C. post their selected words and explanations on a classroom or
electronic bulletin board
D. think of as many alternative words as possible that summarize the
learning experience Answer: A. discuss their selected words and
explanations with their peers in small groups.