CSOWM PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026/2027
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS | (VERIFIED)
A 48-year-old lady with class III obesity who had Roux-en-Y surgery six weeks ago
visits the emergency department. She has a history of poorly managed type 2
diabetes, hypertension, depression, and hyperlipidaemia. Since her obesity surgery,
she has had very poor food and fluid tolerance and has had IV hydration. A review
of systems finds nausea, vomiting, oedema, numbness, a new unpleasant sensation
in her feet and legs, and symptoms of brain fog. Which of the following dietary
deficits is the most likely source of her symptoms?
1. Folate deficiency.
2. Thiamine deficiency.
3. Vitamin B12 deficiency.
4. Answer for iron deficient anaemia: 2. Thiamine deficiency.
A 52-year-old guy visits your clinic with the main issue of struggling with weight
loss. He has had hypertension for six years, which he has successfully managed
with medicine. Which drug is most likely to cause a 5%-10% reduction in overall
energy expenditure for this man?
1. Enalapril
2. Losartan
3. Carvedilol
4. Metoprolol - Answer: 4. Metoprolol
,A 45-year-old Japanese-American man presents as a new patient. He has a body
mass index of 23 kg/m2, a waist circumference of 36 inches (92 cm), normal blood
pressure, and a normal physical examination. In comparison to Caucasians, how
should the patient's risk of developing type 2 diabetes be assessed?
1. Increased
2. Decreased
3. Unchanged
4. Cannot be determined; ANSWER: 1. Increased
Which of the following body composition compartments makes the greatest
contribution to resting energy expenditure?
1. Fat mass
2. Body Weight
3. Lean body mass.
4. Skeletal muscle mass: 3. Lean body mass.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) accounts for over 80% of bariatric
procedures in the United States and is typically performed laparoscopically. During
RYGB, a tiny portion of the proximal stomach is separated from the rest, resulting
in a stomach pouch of <30 mL. Which of the following preexisting illnesses is in
remission in up to 62% of patients 6 years after RYGB?
a. Hypertension
b. Diabetes
c. Obesity
,d. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea - ANSWER: B: Diabetes is more likely to remit. After
six years, remission rates can reach as high as 62%. A and D: Other comorbid
problems that tend to improve or disappear after bariatric surgery include
cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., dyslipidaemia, hypertension [A], diabetes),
cardiovascular diseases, obstructive sleep apnoea (D), osteoarthritis, and
depression. C: Weight loss with RYGB ranges from 50 to 65% after two years,
and the weight loss can last up to ten years. All-cause mortality falls by 25%,
owing mostly to lower rates of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Which of the following treatments is increasingly being employed in the United
States as the definitive treatment for severe obesity (e.g., in patients with a body
mass index [BMI] > 60)?
a. Sleeve gastrectomy.
b. Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
c. Adjustable Gastric Banding
d. Vertical Banded Gastroplasty - ANSWER Answer: A: Sleeve gastrectomy;
because this technique results in significant and long-term weight loss, it is
increasingly being employed in the United States as the final treatment for severe
obesity. A portion of the stomach is removed, resulting in a tubular stomach
channel. The technique does not include any anatomical modifications to the
small intestine. B: Nonetheless, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery is responsible
for around 80% of bariatric surgeries in the United States. C: The use of
adjustable gastric banding has significantly decreased in the United States. D:
Vertical banded gastroplasty is no longer widely performed due to high
complication rates and insufficient weight loss.
What are some of the contraindications to bariatric surgery?
a. BMI < 30 kg/m2.
, b. Current substance or alcohol abuse
c. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
d. High-risk lipid profile - ANSWER B: Current substance misuse. A: Bariatric
surgery is contentious for people with a BMI < 30. C and D: Patients who
qualify for bariatric surgery should have a BMI greater than 40 or a BMI greater
than 35 plus a significant complication (for example, diabetes, hypertension,
obstructive sleep apnoea [C], high-risk lipid profile [D]).
Bariatric Surgery Key Points - ANSWER Consider weight loss surgery if patients
are motivated, have failed nonsurgical treatments, and have a BMI of > 40 kg/m2
or a BMI of > 35 kg/m2 plus a serious complication (e.g., diabetes, hypertension,
obstructive sleep apnoea, high-risk lipid profile), or a BMI of 30 to 34.9 with type 2
diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control despite optimal lifestyle and medical
therapy.
Weight loss surgery is not recommended if patients have an uncontrolled
psychiatric disorder (e.g., major depression), drug or alcohol abuse, cancer that is
not in remission, or another life-threatening disorder, or if they are unable to meet
nutritional requirements (including lifelong vitamin replacement when indicated).
The most prevalent surgeries are sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass;
the usage of adjustable gastric banding has significantly reduced in the United
States.
Patients should be monitored on a frequent basis after surgery to ensure that their
weight loss is maintained, weight-related comorbid problems are resolved, and
surgical complications are avoided.
CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026/2027
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS | (VERIFIED)
A 48-year-old lady with class III obesity who had Roux-en-Y surgery six weeks ago
visits the emergency department. She has a history of poorly managed type 2
diabetes, hypertension, depression, and hyperlipidaemia. Since her obesity surgery,
she has had very poor food and fluid tolerance and has had IV hydration. A review
of systems finds nausea, vomiting, oedema, numbness, a new unpleasant sensation
in her feet and legs, and symptoms of brain fog. Which of the following dietary
deficits is the most likely source of her symptoms?
1. Folate deficiency.
2. Thiamine deficiency.
3. Vitamin B12 deficiency.
4. Answer for iron deficient anaemia: 2. Thiamine deficiency.
A 52-year-old guy visits your clinic with the main issue of struggling with weight
loss. He has had hypertension for six years, which he has successfully managed
with medicine. Which drug is most likely to cause a 5%-10% reduction in overall
energy expenditure for this man?
1. Enalapril
2. Losartan
3. Carvedilol
4. Metoprolol - Answer: 4. Metoprolol
,A 45-year-old Japanese-American man presents as a new patient. He has a body
mass index of 23 kg/m2, a waist circumference of 36 inches (92 cm), normal blood
pressure, and a normal physical examination. In comparison to Caucasians, how
should the patient's risk of developing type 2 diabetes be assessed?
1. Increased
2. Decreased
3. Unchanged
4. Cannot be determined; ANSWER: 1. Increased
Which of the following body composition compartments makes the greatest
contribution to resting energy expenditure?
1. Fat mass
2. Body Weight
3. Lean body mass.
4. Skeletal muscle mass: 3. Lean body mass.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) accounts for over 80% of bariatric
procedures in the United States and is typically performed laparoscopically. During
RYGB, a tiny portion of the proximal stomach is separated from the rest, resulting
in a stomach pouch of <30 mL. Which of the following preexisting illnesses is in
remission in up to 62% of patients 6 years after RYGB?
a. Hypertension
b. Diabetes
c. Obesity
,d. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea - ANSWER: B: Diabetes is more likely to remit. After
six years, remission rates can reach as high as 62%. A and D: Other comorbid
problems that tend to improve or disappear after bariatric surgery include
cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., dyslipidaemia, hypertension [A], diabetes),
cardiovascular diseases, obstructive sleep apnoea (D), osteoarthritis, and
depression. C: Weight loss with RYGB ranges from 50 to 65% after two years,
and the weight loss can last up to ten years. All-cause mortality falls by 25%,
owing mostly to lower rates of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Which of the following treatments is increasingly being employed in the United
States as the definitive treatment for severe obesity (e.g., in patients with a body
mass index [BMI] > 60)?
a. Sleeve gastrectomy.
b. Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
c. Adjustable Gastric Banding
d. Vertical Banded Gastroplasty - ANSWER Answer: A: Sleeve gastrectomy;
because this technique results in significant and long-term weight loss, it is
increasingly being employed in the United States as the final treatment for severe
obesity. A portion of the stomach is removed, resulting in a tubular stomach
channel. The technique does not include any anatomical modifications to the
small intestine. B: Nonetheless, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery is responsible
for around 80% of bariatric surgeries in the United States. C: The use of
adjustable gastric banding has significantly decreased in the United States. D:
Vertical banded gastroplasty is no longer widely performed due to high
complication rates and insufficient weight loss.
What are some of the contraindications to bariatric surgery?
a. BMI < 30 kg/m2.
, b. Current substance or alcohol abuse
c. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
d. High-risk lipid profile - ANSWER B: Current substance misuse. A: Bariatric
surgery is contentious for people with a BMI < 30. C and D: Patients who
qualify for bariatric surgery should have a BMI greater than 40 or a BMI greater
than 35 plus a significant complication (for example, diabetes, hypertension,
obstructive sleep apnoea [C], high-risk lipid profile [D]).
Bariatric Surgery Key Points - ANSWER Consider weight loss surgery if patients
are motivated, have failed nonsurgical treatments, and have a BMI of > 40 kg/m2
or a BMI of > 35 kg/m2 plus a serious complication (e.g., diabetes, hypertension,
obstructive sleep apnoea, high-risk lipid profile), or a BMI of 30 to 34.9 with type 2
diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control despite optimal lifestyle and medical
therapy.
Weight loss surgery is not recommended if patients have an uncontrolled
psychiatric disorder (e.g., major depression), drug or alcohol abuse, cancer that is
not in remission, or another life-threatening disorder, or if they are unable to meet
nutritional requirements (including lifelong vitamin replacement when indicated).
The most prevalent surgeries are sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass;
the usage of adjustable gastric banding has significantly reduced in the United
States.
Patients should be monitored on a frequent basis after surgery to ensure that their
weight loss is maintained, weight-related comorbid problems are resolved, and
surgical complications are avoided.
