NSG 3800 FINAL EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Q60: A patient with HIV has white plaques in the mouth that bleed when scraped.
What is this? - ✔✔Oral candidiasis (thrush), a common opportunistic infection.
✔✔Q61: What is the primary transmission route of Hepatitis A? - ✔✔Fecal-oral route
(contaminated food or water).
✔✔Q62: Which hepatitis types have vaccines available? - ✔✔Hepatitis A and B.
✔✔Q63: What lab finding is associated with cirrhosis and ascites? - ✔✔Low serum
albumin due to decreased protein synthesis.
✔✔Q64: Which electrolyte imbalance is common in Addison’s disease? -
✔✔Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia.
✔✔Q65: What hormone is deficient in hypothyroidism? - ✔✔Thyroid hormones T3 and
T4.
✔✔Q66: Which antibody is associated with lupus (SLE)? - ✔✔Positive ANA (antinuclear
antibody).
✔✔Q67: What is the hallmark sign of Hodgkin lymphoma? - ✔✔Presence of Reed-
Sternberg cells.
✔✔Q68: Which protein is found in urine in multiple myeloma? - ✔✔Bence-Jones
protein.
✔✔Q69: What CD4 count defines progression from HIV to AIDS? - ✔✔CD4 count <200
cells/μL.
✔✔Q70: Which dietary change is needed for hyperparathyroidism? - ✔✔Avoid high-
calcium foods; encourage fluids and mobility.
✔✔Q71: A client with acute cholecystitis reports RUQ pain radiating to the shoulder
after eating. What is the likely cause? - ✔✔Gallbladder inflammation triggered by fatty
food intake.
✔✔Q72: A nurse notes tremors, weight loss, and exophthalmos in a patient. Which
disorder is suspected? - ✔✔Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease).
, ✔✔Q73: A client with Addison’s disease is admitted with severe hypotension. What
is the priority action? - ✔✔Administer IV corticosteroids and fluids to treat Addisonian
crisis.
✔✔Q74: A client develops tetany after thyroidectomy. What is the cause? -
✔✔Hypocalcemia from possible parathyroid removal.
✔✔Q75: A client with cirrhosis develops confusion and asterixis. What lab finding
explains this? - ✔✔Elevated serum ammonia levels causing hepatic encephalopathy.
✔✔Q76: A client with SLE presents with pericarditis and proteinuria. What does this
indicate? - ✔✔Systemic involvement of lupus affecting heart and kidneys.
✔✔Q77: A client receiving chemotherapy is neutropenic. Which precaution is most
important? - ✔✔Protective isolation: no fresh fruit, flowers, or sick visitors.
✔✔Q78: A client with non-Hodgkin lymphoma is at risk for tumor lysis syndrome. Which
lab is expected? - ✔✔Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia.
✔✔Q79: A client with Cushing’s syndrome reports easy bruising and purple striae.
What is the cause? - ✔✔Excess cortisol leading to protein breakdown and skin fragility.
✔✔Q80: A patient with HIV has white plaques in the mouth that bleed when scraped.
What is this? - ✔✔Oral candidiasis (thrush), a common opportunistic infection.
✔✔Q81: What is the primary transmission route of Hepatitis A? - ✔✔Fecal-oral route
(contaminated food or water).
✔✔Q82: Which hepatitis types have vaccines available? - ✔✔Hepatitis A and B.
✔✔Q83: What lab finding is associated with cirrhosis and ascites? - ✔✔Low serum
albumin due to decreased protein synthesis.
✔✔Q84: Which electrolyte imbalance is common in Addison’s disease? -
✔✔Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia.
✔✔Q85: What hormone is deficient in hypothyroidism? - ✔✔Thyroid hormones T3 and
T4.
✔✔Q86: Which antibody is associated with lupus (SLE)? - ✔✔Positive ANA (antinuclear
antibody).
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Q60: A patient with HIV has white plaques in the mouth that bleed when scraped.
What is this? - ✔✔Oral candidiasis (thrush), a common opportunistic infection.
✔✔Q61: What is the primary transmission route of Hepatitis A? - ✔✔Fecal-oral route
(contaminated food or water).
✔✔Q62: Which hepatitis types have vaccines available? - ✔✔Hepatitis A and B.
✔✔Q63: What lab finding is associated with cirrhosis and ascites? - ✔✔Low serum
albumin due to decreased protein synthesis.
✔✔Q64: Which electrolyte imbalance is common in Addison’s disease? -
✔✔Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia.
✔✔Q65: What hormone is deficient in hypothyroidism? - ✔✔Thyroid hormones T3 and
T4.
✔✔Q66: Which antibody is associated with lupus (SLE)? - ✔✔Positive ANA (antinuclear
antibody).
✔✔Q67: What is the hallmark sign of Hodgkin lymphoma? - ✔✔Presence of Reed-
Sternberg cells.
✔✔Q68: Which protein is found in urine in multiple myeloma? - ✔✔Bence-Jones
protein.
✔✔Q69: What CD4 count defines progression from HIV to AIDS? - ✔✔CD4 count <200
cells/μL.
✔✔Q70: Which dietary change is needed for hyperparathyroidism? - ✔✔Avoid high-
calcium foods; encourage fluids and mobility.
✔✔Q71: A client with acute cholecystitis reports RUQ pain radiating to the shoulder
after eating. What is the likely cause? - ✔✔Gallbladder inflammation triggered by fatty
food intake.
✔✔Q72: A nurse notes tremors, weight loss, and exophthalmos in a patient. Which
disorder is suspected? - ✔✔Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease).
, ✔✔Q73: A client with Addison’s disease is admitted with severe hypotension. What
is the priority action? - ✔✔Administer IV corticosteroids and fluids to treat Addisonian
crisis.
✔✔Q74: A client develops tetany after thyroidectomy. What is the cause? -
✔✔Hypocalcemia from possible parathyroid removal.
✔✔Q75: A client with cirrhosis develops confusion and asterixis. What lab finding
explains this? - ✔✔Elevated serum ammonia levels causing hepatic encephalopathy.
✔✔Q76: A client with SLE presents with pericarditis and proteinuria. What does this
indicate? - ✔✔Systemic involvement of lupus affecting heart and kidneys.
✔✔Q77: A client receiving chemotherapy is neutropenic. Which precaution is most
important? - ✔✔Protective isolation: no fresh fruit, flowers, or sick visitors.
✔✔Q78: A client with non-Hodgkin lymphoma is at risk for tumor lysis syndrome. Which
lab is expected? - ✔✔Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia.
✔✔Q79: A client with Cushing’s syndrome reports easy bruising and purple striae.
What is the cause? - ✔✔Excess cortisol leading to protein breakdown and skin fragility.
✔✔Q80: A patient with HIV has white plaques in the mouth that bleed when scraped.
What is this? - ✔✔Oral candidiasis (thrush), a common opportunistic infection.
✔✔Q81: What is the primary transmission route of Hepatitis A? - ✔✔Fecal-oral route
(contaminated food or water).
✔✔Q82: Which hepatitis types have vaccines available? - ✔✔Hepatitis A and B.
✔✔Q83: What lab finding is associated with cirrhosis and ascites? - ✔✔Low serum
albumin due to decreased protein synthesis.
✔✔Q84: Which electrolyte imbalance is common in Addison’s disease? -
✔✔Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia.
✔✔Q85: What hormone is deficient in hypothyroidism? - ✔✔Thyroid hormones T3 and
T4.
✔✔Q86: Which antibody is associated with lupus (SLE)? - ✔✔Positive ANA (antinuclear
antibody).
