CANADIAN DIABETES EDUCATOR EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS UPDATED 2026

CANADIAN DIABETES EDUCATOR
EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
UPDATED 2026
DiagnosisBofBDiabetesB(FPG,BA1C,B2hPGBinBaB75gBOFTT,BrandomBPG)B-
BAnswerFPGB>/=7mmol/mlB

A1cB>/=B6.5%B

2hBPGBinBaB75gBOGTTB>/=B11mmol/LB

randomBPGB>/=B11.1mmol/L



PrediabetesB(i.e.BatBhighBriskBforBdevelopingBdiabetes)B-BA1CB-BAnswer6-6.4%



whatBmedicalBconditionsBcanBcauseBA1CBresultsBtoBbeBmisleading?B-BAnswer-
hemoglobinopathiesB

-ironBdeficienciesB

-hemolyticBanemiaB

-severeBhepaticBorBrenalBdisease



ImpairedBFastingBglucoseB(IFG)B-BAnswerFPGB-B6.1-6.9mmol/L



ImpairedBglucoseBtoleranceB(IGT)B-BAnswerOGTTB(w/B75gBofBglucose)B7.8-11mmol/L



ScreeningBforBT1DBisB....B-BAnswerNOTBrecommended



ScreeningBrecommendationsBforBT2DB-
BAnsweruseBFPGBand/orBA1cBeveryB3ByearsBinBindividualsB>/=40yoBorBinBindividualsBatBhighB
riskB(usingBriskBcalculator)



macrosomicBinfantB-BAnswerinfantBthatBweighsBoverB8lbsBatBbirth



microvascularBcomplicationsB-BAnswerretinopathy,Bneuropathy,Bnephropathy



macrovascularBcomplicationsB-BAnswercoronary,Bcerebrovascular,Bperipheral

,PharmacologicalBtherapiesBforBPREVENTIONBofBT2DB(includeBbyBhowBmuchB%BitBisBreducedBb
y)B-BAnswer1.BMetforminB(~30%)B

2.BAcarboseB(~30%)B

3.BThiazolidinedionesB(~60%)



ACCORD,BADVANCEBandBVADTBwereBtheBthreeBmajorBtrialsBthatBconcludedBwhat?B-
BAnswerintensiveBglycemicBcontrolB-
BloweringBA1CB<6%BresultedBinBhigherBmortality,BsevereBepisodesBofBhypoglycemiaB-
BthereforeBtargetsBshouldBindividualized!!



TARGETBforBA1C,BFPGBandBRPGBforBMOSTBDiabeticB(T1DBandBT2D)Bpatients?B-
BAnswerA1cB<7mmol/LB

FPGB4-7mmol/LB

PPGB5-10mmol/LB(5-8mmol/LBifBA1cBtargetBnotBachieved)



WhoBshouldBhaveBtargetBofBA1cB<6.5%B-
BAnswerinBT2DBtoBfurtherBdecreaseBriskBofBnephropathyBandBretinopathyB(ensureBthereBisBaB
balanceBsoBasBnotBtoBcauseBHYPOGLYCEMIA)



WhoBshouldBhaveBtargetBofB7.1-8.5%B(7)B-BAnswer1.BlimitedBlifeBexpectancyB

2.BHighBlevelBofBfunctionalBdependencyB

3.BsevereBcoronaryBarteryBdisease/BincreasedBriskBforBischemicBeventsB

4.BmultipleBcomorbiditiesB

5.BHXBofBrecurrentBsevereBhypoglycemicBepisodesB

6.BhypoglycemicBunawarenessB

7.BLongBstandingBdiabetesBthatBisBdifficultBtoBreduceBA1c<7%B-
BdespiteBappropriateBtreatments



HowBandBwhenBshouldBverificationBofBtheBaccuracyBofBSMBGBmonitorsBbeBdone?BWhatBisBth
eBacceptableBdifference?B-BAnswerWhen:BannuallyBorBwhenBA1CBresultsBdoBnotBmatch

How:BcomparingBFPGBmachineBresultsBwithBFPGBfromBlabBmeasurements

acceptableBdifferenceBisB20%

, IfBonBinsulinBandBplanningBexercise.BWhatBisBtheBBGBtoBwatchBoutBforBtoBpreventBHYPOglyc
emia?BWhatBshouldBbeBdoneBifBBGBisBatBorBpastBcutBoff?B-BAnswerBGB<B5.5mmol/LB

TakeB15-30gBofBcarbsBPRE-exercise



exerciseBrecommendationBforBdiabetes?B-
BAnswer150min/weekBofBmoderateBintensityBaerobicBexerciseBspreadBoverB3BdaysBwithBnoBm
oreBthanB2BdaysBofBsedentaryB

2-3BtimesBperBweekBofBresistanceBtraining



HowBwellBcanBnutritionBtherapyBreduceBA1C?B-BAnswerCanBreduceBA1CBbyB1-2%



carbohydratesBrecommendationB-BAnswernoBlessBthanB130g/dB(toBmaintainBglucoseBtoBbrain)B

noBlessBthanB45%BofBenergyB(60%BifBhighBinBfibreBandBlowBglycemicBindex)



DietaryBfiberBrecommendationB-BAnswer25-38gBforBwomenB

21-30gBforBmenB

>51yoBw/Bdiabetes



RecommendedBaddedBsugarsBintake?B-
BAnswernoBmoreBthanB10%BofBtotalBdailyBenergyB(aka.B50-65g/dayBforBaB2000-
2600kcal/dayBdiet)



EatingBWellBwithBCanada'sBFoodBGuideBrecommendationBforBfruitBandBveggiesB?B-BAnswer7-
10BservingsB/Bday



RecommendationBforBFatBintake?BsaturatedBfats?B-BAnswer20-35%BofBenergyBintakeB

saturatedBfatsB<7%BofBtotalBdaily



whatBtypeBofBfatsBareBpreferred?B-BAnswermonounsaturatedBfatsB(MUFA)B

polyunsaturatedBfatsB(PUFA)B

longBchainBomegaB3BFAB

includedBupBtoB10%BofBtotalBenergyBintake