COLLECTION OF IB HL ENGLISH NOTES
TYPES OF TEXTS
Memoir & Diary & Autobiography
Memoir Diary Autobiography
Definition A book/piece of Record a person's A book about a person's life -
writing about a true thoughts, feelings, thoughts, feelings,
story and personal and experience personality, experiences
knowledge
Written by Anyone The person The person
About Famous What happens every Biography - life
people/events day
Similarity Records events that happened to the person
Brochure
● Small book containing pictures and information for a service/product
● Promotional documents
● Inform about new products/services along with many other things
● Adv: easy, cost-effective and simple
● Uses: recipe, invitation, advertisement, business promotion
● Types: gatefold, bi-fold, tri-fold, z-fold
E-text
● Blogs
○ Newest posts are first
○ Click-bait titles
○ Posts encourage debates
○ Content must be relevant
● Forum
○ Interaction between users
○ Posts can be about anything
○ Informal language
● Adv: easy, fast, lots of opinions, can express feelings & questions
● E.g. Amazon Kindle, Pearson eText
, Opinion Column
● Found in newspapers and magazines
● Written by a columnist, can be an opinion/description
● Characteristics:
○ Voice - word choice, verb, passive/active voice
○ Newsworthy - relevance to its time
○ Call to action - care about an issue
○ Structure - title, writer's name, hook sentence
○ Humour
○ Credibility - hard facts
○ Logos
○ Perspective - first person (writer's opinion)
○ Language
● Consideration:
○ What publication are you writing for?
○ What makes it newsworthy?
● Adv: freedom of expression/opinion
● Disadv: argumentative
Advertisement
● Promote a product/service/event
● Two purposes: descriptive and/or persuasive
● Techniques:
○ Bandwagon: join the crowd
○ Testimonial: a famous/credible source endorse the product
○ Image advertising: associate the product with a positive image
○ Weasel: implies a promise for customers
○ Omission: select facts to present
○ Repetition: emphasise product qualities
○ Scale: make the product bigger/smaller
○ Association: associate the product with a specific idea
○ Name-calling: degrade competitors
● Types: print-based, televised & radio, online
● Adv: informative, entertaining, self-regulated, promotes competition
● Disadv: creates insecurity, materialistic, manipulates emotions
PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUES
1. Bandwagon
● Trends that suddenly become popular due to people following each other
● "Jump on the bandwagon" - people will automatically follow popular trends
2. Glittering generalities
● Concepts that are shined and sugarcoated to be appealing to people's values
TYPES OF TEXTS
Memoir & Diary & Autobiography
Memoir Diary Autobiography
Definition A book/piece of Record a person's A book about a person's life -
writing about a true thoughts, feelings, thoughts, feelings,
story and personal and experience personality, experiences
knowledge
Written by Anyone The person The person
About Famous What happens every Biography - life
people/events day
Similarity Records events that happened to the person
Brochure
● Small book containing pictures and information for a service/product
● Promotional documents
● Inform about new products/services along with many other things
● Adv: easy, cost-effective and simple
● Uses: recipe, invitation, advertisement, business promotion
● Types: gatefold, bi-fold, tri-fold, z-fold
E-text
● Blogs
○ Newest posts are first
○ Click-bait titles
○ Posts encourage debates
○ Content must be relevant
● Forum
○ Interaction between users
○ Posts can be about anything
○ Informal language
● Adv: easy, fast, lots of opinions, can express feelings & questions
● E.g. Amazon Kindle, Pearson eText
, Opinion Column
● Found in newspapers and magazines
● Written by a columnist, can be an opinion/description
● Characteristics:
○ Voice - word choice, verb, passive/active voice
○ Newsworthy - relevance to its time
○ Call to action - care about an issue
○ Structure - title, writer's name, hook sentence
○ Humour
○ Credibility - hard facts
○ Logos
○ Perspective - first person (writer's opinion)
○ Language
● Consideration:
○ What publication are you writing for?
○ What makes it newsworthy?
● Adv: freedom of expression/opinion
● Disadv: argumentative
Advertisement
● Promote a product/service/event
● Two purposes: descriptive and/or persuasive
● Techniques:
○ Bandwagon: join the crowd
○ Testimonial: a famous/credible source endorse the product
○ Image advertising: associate the product with a positive image
○ Weasel: implies a promise for customers
○ Omission: select facts to present
○ Repetition: emphasise product qualities
○ Scale: make the product bigger/smaller
○ Association: associate the product with a specific idea
○ Name-calling: degrade competitors
● Types: print-based, televised & radio, online
● Adv: informative, entertaining, self-regulated, promotes competition
● Disadv: creates insecurity, materialistic, manipulates emotions
PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUES
1. Bandwagon
● Trends that suddenly become popular due to people following each other
● "Jump on the bandwagon" - people will automatically follow popular trends
2. Glittering generalities
● Concepts that are shined and sugarcoated to be appealing to people's values
