HS201 LATEST 2026 CORE EXAM TEST QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs) - ✔✔Ranges of intake for
energy-yielding nutrients
✔✔Dietary Guidelines for Americans - ✔✔Set of diet and lifestyle recommendations
designed to improve and maintain health and decrease risk of chronic disease
✔✔Discretionary Calories - ✔✔Additional foods from food groups above daily
recommendation
✔✔Exchange Lists - ✔✔Designed to give people with diabetes a structured eating plan
Group foods together according to their carbohydrate, protein, and fat composition
✔✔Tools for Nutrition Assessment - ✔✔24 hour recall, diet history, food journal, food
frequency questionnaire
✔✔Digestion - ✔✔A multi-step process of breaking down foods into absorbable
components using mechanical and chemical means in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract
✔✔Main roles of GI tract - ✔✔Break down food into smallest components
Absorb nutrients
Prevent microorganism or other harmful compounds in food from entering tissues of the
body
✔✔Peristalsis - ✔✔wave like contractions of the esophagus
✔✔Foods that leave stomach quickly - ✔✔liquids, carbs, low-fiber, low-kcal foods
✔✔Foods that leave stomach slower - ✔✔fats, proteins, high fiber foods
✔✔Enzymes - ✔✔Secreted by stomach, small intestine, pancreas
break down food into absorbable nutrient components
✔✔Hormones - ✔✔gastrin, insulin, glucagon, secretin, cholecystokinin
Control digestive secretions and regulate enzymes
✔✔Liver - ✔✔Produces bile
Metabolism of carbs, fats, and proteins
Stores nutrients
Detoxifies
✔✔Gallbladder - ✔✔Concentrates and stores bile...
, released when fat is ingested
breaks down fat into smaller molecules
✔✔Pancreas - ✔✔Produces bicarbonate, hormones, digestive enzymes
✔✔Nervous System - ✔✔stimulates appetite
✔✔Endocrine System - ✔✔Releases hormones that regulate nutrient use
✔✔Circulatory System - ✔✔Transports nutrients, oxygen, waste products through the
blood
✔✔Lymphatic System - ✔✔Distributes fat and fat-soluble nutrients through your lymph
✔✔Excretory System - ✔✔Eliminates wastes from circulatory system via the urine
✔✔Gastrointestinal Reflex Disorder - ✔✔connection between esophagus and stomach
doesn't work effectively and food goes back up esophagus
✔✔Carbohydrate - ✔✔The body's best fuel source
Provide 4 kcal per gram
Broken down into glucose molecules in the body
✔✔Basic unit of carbohydrates - ✔✔monosaccharide: Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
✔✔2 monosaccharides linked together - ✔✔Disaccharides:Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose
✔✔Complex carbs - ✔✔Made up of many monosaccharides linked together in chains
✔✔Starch - ✔✔Storage form of energy in plants, used for growth and reproduction
✔✔Fiber - ✔✔The part of the plant we cannot digest or absorb
✔✔Dietary Fiber - ✔✔found naturally in foods
✔✔Functional Fiber - ✔✔added in manufacturing
✔✔Soluble fiber - ✔✔Dissolves in water to form viscous solutions
Can be broken down by intestinal microflora
Includes: pectins, beta-glucans, some gums, mucilages
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs) - ✔✔Ranges of intake for
energy-yielding nutrients
✔✔Dietary Guidelines for Americans - ✔✔Set of diet and lifestyle recommendations
designed to improve and maintain health and decrease risk of chronic disease
✔✔Discretionary Calories - ✔✔Additional foods from food groups above daily
recommendation
✔✔Exchange Lists - ✔✔Designed to give people with diabetes a structured eating plan
Group foods together according to their carbohydrate, protein, and fat composition
✔✔Tools for Nutrition Assessment - ✔✔24 hour recall, diet history, food journal, food
frequency questionnaire
✔✔Digestion - ✔✔A multi-step process of breaking down foods into absorbable
components using mechanical and chemical means in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract
✔✔Main roles of GI tract - ✔✔Break down food into smallest components
Absorb nutrients
Prevent microorganism or other harmful compounds in food from entering tissues of the
body
✔✔Peristalsis - ✔✔wave like contractions of the esophagus
✔✔Foods that leave stomach quickly - ✔✔liquids, carbs, low-fiber, low-kcal foods
✔✔Foods that leave stomach slower - ✔✔fats, proteins, high fiber foods
✔✔Enzymes - ✔✔Secreted by stomach, small intestine, pancreas
break down food into absorbable nutrient components
✔✔Hormones - ✔✔gastrin, insulin, glucagon, secretin, cholecystokinin
Control digestive secretions and regulate enzymes
✔✔Liver - ✔✔Produces bile
Metabolism of carbs, fats, and proteins
Stores nutrients
Detoxifies
✔✔Gallbladder - ✔✔Concentrates and stores bile...
, released when fat is ingested
breaks down fat into smaller molecules
✔✔Pancreas - ✔✔Produces bicarbonate, hormones, digestive enzymes
✔✔Nervous System - ✔✔stimulates appetite
✔✔Endocrine System - ✔✔Releases hormones that regulate nutrient use
✔✔Circulatory System - ✔✔Transports nutrients, oxygen, waste products through the
blood
✔✔Lymphatic System - ✔✔Distributes fat and fat-soluble nutrients through your lymph
✔✔Excretory System - ✔✔Eliminates wastes from circulatory system via the urine
✔✔Gastrointestinal Reflex Disorder - ✔✔connection between esophagus and stomach
doesn't work effectively and food goes back up esophagus
✔✔Carbohydrate - ✔✔The body's best fuel source
Provide 4 kcal per gram
Broken down into glucose molecules in the body
✔✔Basic unit of carbohydrates - ✔✔monosaccharide: Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
✔✔2 monosaccharides linked together - ✔✔Disaccharides:Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose
✔✔Complex carbs - ✔✔Made up of many monosaccharides linked together in chains
✔✔Starch - ✔✔Storage form of energy in plants, used for growth and reproduction
✔✔Fiber - ✔✔The part of the plant we cannot digest or absorb
✔✔Dietary Fiber - ✔✔found naturally in foods
✔✔Functional Fiber - ✔✔added in manufacturing
✔✔Soluble fiber - ✔✔Dissolves in water to form viscous solutions
Can be broken down by intestinal microflora
Includes: pectins, beta-glucans, some gums, mucilages
