Test Bank for Biological Science 6 th Edition Scott Freeman Lizabeth Allison

TEST ITEM FILE
79 79 79




FOR79




BIOLOGICAL79SCIENCE




Textbook79Authors79

Scott79Freeman,79University79of79Washington

Michael79Harrington,79University79of79Alberta

Joan79Sharp,79Simon79Fraser79University

,Biological79Science,79Canadian79Edition.,792e79(Freeman79et79al.)
Chapter791797979Biology79and79the79Tree79of79Life

1)79The79pattern79component79of79the79cell79theory79claims79that79all79organisms79consist79of79cells.
A)79true
B)79false
Answer:7979A
Reference:7979Section791.1
Bloom's79Level:7979Remembering
LOs:7979Chp1-2.79Describe79the79two79components79of79the79cell79theory.

2)79How79does79a79scientific79theory79differ79from79a79scientific79hypothesis?
A)79There79is79no79difference—the79terms79are79interchangeable.
B)79A79theory79is79an79explanation79for79a79very79general79phenomenon79or79observation;79hypothe
ses79treat79more79specific79observations.
C)79A79hypothesis79is79an79explanation79for79a79very79general79phenomenon;79theories79treat79more7
9specific79issues.
D)79Theories79define79scientific79laws;79hypotheses79are79used79to79set79up79experiments.
Answer:7979B
Reference:7979Section791.1
Bloom's79Level:7979Comprehension
LOs:7979Chp1-2.79Describe79the79two79components79of79the79cell79theory.

3)79Algae79in79the79genus79Caulerpa79typically79grow79to79a79length79of79over79half79a79meter79and79
have79structures79similar79to79stems,79leaves,79and79roots.79Reproduction79occurs79when79adults79pr
oduce79sperm79and79eggs79that79fuse79to79form79offspring.79Each79adult79Caulerpa,79however,79con
sists79of79just79a79single79cell.79Which79of79the79following79statements79is79true?
A)79Caulerpa79violate79the79pattern79component79of79the79cell79theory—
that79all79organisms79consist79of79cells.
B)79Caulerpa79violate79the79process79component79of79the79cell79theory—
that79all79cells79come79from79preexisting79cells.
C)79Caulerpa79violate79both79the79pattern79and79process79components79of79the79cell79theory.
D)79The79existence79of79Caulerpa79is79consistent79with79the79cell79theory.
Answer:7979D
Reference:7979Section791.1
Bloom's79Level:7979Comprehension
LOs:7979Chp1-2.79Describe79the79two79components79of79the79cell79theory.

4)79Which79statement79about79spontaneous79generation79is79FALSE?
A)79Pasteur79demonstrated79that79it79does79not79occur79under79normal79laboratory79conditions.
B)79It79apparently79occurred79at79least79once–when79life79on79Earth79began.
C)79It79occurs79every79time79a79new79species79evolves79from79a79preexisting79species.
D)79It79addresses79the79formation79of79living79cells79from79previously79nonliving79material.
Answer:7979C
Reference:7979Section791.1
Bloom's79Level:7979Remembering

,LOs:7979Chp1-2.79Describe79the79two79components79of79the79cell79theory.

5)79Recall79Pasteur's79experiment79on79spontaneous79generation.79Originally,79he79used79sealed79an
d79unsealed79flasks79instead79of79swan-
necked79and79unsealed79flasks.79Critics79claimed79that79the79experiment79was79inconclusive.79Whic
h79of79the79following79criticisms79would79be79addressed79by79using79a79swan-
necked79flask79instead79of79the79sealed79flask?
A)79The79broth79was79heated79too79intensively.
B)79There79had79not79been79enough79time79for79spontaneous79generation79to79occur.
C)79Fresh79air79is79required79for79spontaneous79generation.
D)79The79broth79was79not79nutritious79enough.
Answer:7979C
Reference:7979Section791.1
Bloom's79Level:7979Comprehension/Applying
LOs:7979Chp1-2.79Describe79the79two79components79of79the79cell79theory.

6)79Which79of79the79following79is79the79best79example79of79a79heritable79variation?
A)79skin79cancer
B)79amputation
C)79red79hair
D)79love79for79music
Answer:7979C
Reference:7979Section791.2
Bloom's79Level:7979Comprehension
LOs:7979Chp1-1.79Name79five79fundamental79characteristics79shared79by79all79living79organisms.

7)79How79does79artificial79selection79differ79from79natural79selection?
A)79Artificial79selection79occurs79only79in79computer79simulations,79not79with79actual79organisms.
B)79Artificial79selection79is79based79on79conscious79choices79by79humans.
C)79Artificial79selection79occurs79only79with79plants.
D)79Artificial79selection79is79not79based79on79heritable79variation,79but79on79new79mutations.
Answer:7979B
Reference:7979Section791.2
Bloom's79Level:7979Comprehension
LOs:7979Chp1-
3.79Briefly79explain79the79theory79of79natural79selection,79and79clarify79the79two79conditions79that79a
re79necessary79and79sufficient79for79natural79selection79to79bring79about79evolutionary79change79in79
a79population.

, 8)79Over79the79past79several79decades,79natural79selection79has79caused79populations79of79Staphyloc
occus79aureus79(an79infectious79wound79bacterium)79to79evolve79resistance79to79most79antibiotics.79
If79antibiotic79use79were79stopped,79what79would79you79predict79would79happen79to79these79S.79aure
us79populations?
A)79They79will79go79extinct79without79the79antibiotic.
B)79The79populations79will79begin79colonizing79new79environments.
C)79The79frequency79of79nonresistant79forms79will79increase79in79these79populations.
D)79The79frequency79of79resistant79forms79will79definitely79increase79in79these79populations.
Answer:7979C
Reference:7979Section791.2
Bloom's79Level:7979Applying
LOs:7979Chp1-
3.79Briefly79explain79the79theory79of79natural79selection,79and79clarify79the79two79conditions79that79a
re79necessary79and79sufficient79for79natural79selection79to79bring79about79evolutionary79change79in79
a79population.

9)79Environments79all79over79the79world79are79changing79as79a79result79of79global79warming.79Could
79this79influence79natural79selection?
A)79No.79The79environment79is79always79changing.79Global79warming79is79nothing79new.
B)79Yes.79Traits79that79help79individuals79produce79more79offspring79in79warmer79environments79w
ill79increase79in79frequency.
C)79No.79The79only79change79will79be79that79species79from79hot79environments79will79expand79their7
9ranges.
D)79Yes.79Mutations79occur79more79frequently79in79hot79environments.
Answer:7979B
Reference:7979Section791.2
Bloom's79Level:7979Applying
LOs:7979Chp1-
3.79Briefly79explain79the79theory79of79natural79selection,79and79clarify79the79two79conditions79that79a
re79necessary79and79sufficient79for79natural79selection79to79bring79about79evolutionary79change79in79
a79population.

10)79The79"heat"79in79chili79peppers79is79due79to79a79molecule79called79capsaicin.79Suppose79you79br
eed79chili79peppers79that79have79low79amounts79of79capsaicin79over79many79generations79in79order79
to79make79them79milder79(have79less79capsaicin).79What79process79is79occurring?
A)79heritable79variation
B)79environmental79change
C)79natural79selection
D)79artificial79selection
Answer:7979D
Reference:7979Section791.2
Bloom's79Level:7979Comprehension/Remembering
LOs:7979Chp1-
3.79Briefly79explain79the79theory79of79natural79selection,79and79clarify79the79two79conditions79that79a
re79necessary79and79sufficient79for79natural79selection79to79bring79about79evolutionary79change79in79
a79population.