TheBnurseBobservesBthatBaBmaleBclientBhasBremovedBtheBcoveringBfromBanBiceBparkBapplied
BtoBhisBknee.BWhatBactionBshouldBtheBnurseBtakeBfirst?B
A.BObserveBtheBappearanceBofBtheBskinBunderBtheBiceBpack.
B.BInstructBtheBclientBregardingBtheBneedBforBtheBcovering.
C.BReapplyBtheBcoveringBafterBfillingBwithBfreshBice.
D.BAskBtheBclientBhowBlongBtheBiceBwasBappliedBtoBtheBskin.B-
BAnswerObserveBtheBappearanceBofBtheBskinBunderBtheBiceBpackB(TheBfirstBactionBtakenBbyB
theBnurseBshouldBbeBtoBassessBtheBskinBforBanyBpossibleBthermalBinjury.BIfBnoBinjuryBtoBthe
BskinBhasBoccurred,BtheBnurseBcanBtakeBtheBotherBactions.)
TheBnurseBmixesB50BmgBofBNiprideBinB250BmLBofBD5WBandBplansBtoBadministerBtheBsolutio
nBatBaBrateBofB5Bmcg/kg/minBtoBaBclientBweightingB182Blbs.BUsingBaBdripBfactorBofB60Bgtt/
mL,BhowBmanyBdropsBperBminuteBshouldBtheBclientBreceive?B-BAnswer124Bgtt/min
TheBhealthcareBproviderBprescribesBanBIVBinfusionBofB1000BmlBofBRinger'sBLactateBw/B30Buni
tsBofBPitocinBtoBrunBinBoverB4BhoursBforBaBclientBwhoBhasBjustBdeliveredBaB10BpoundBinfan
tBbyBcesareanBsection.BTheBtubingBhasBbeenBchangedBtoBaB20Bgtt/mlBadministrationBset.BThe
BnurseBplansBtoBsetBtheBflowBrateBatBhowBmanyBgtt/min?B-BAnswer83Bgtt/min
WhichBassessmentBdataBprovidesBtheBmostBaccurateBdeterminationBofBproperBplacementBofBa
BnasogastricBtube?B-BAnswerExaminingBaBchestBx-rayBobtainedBafterBtheBtubingBwasBinserted
ThreeBdaysBfollowingBaBsurgery,BaBmaleBclientBobservesBhisBcolostomyBforBtheBfirstBtime.BHe
BbecomesBquiteBupsetBandBtellsBtheBnurseBthatBitBisBmuchBbiggerBthanBheBexpected.BWhatBi
sBtheBbestBresponseBbyBtheBnurse?
A.BReassureBtheBclientBthatBheBwillBbecomeBaccustomedBtoBtheBstomaBappearanceBinBtime.B
B.BInstructBtheBclientBthatBtheBstomaBwillBbecomeBmuchBsmallerBwhenBtheBinitialBswellingBdi
minishes.B
C.BOfferBtoBcontactBaBmemberBofBtheBlocalBostomyBsupportBgroupBtoBhelpBhimBwithBhisBco
ncerns.
D.BEncourageBtheBclientBtoBhandleBtheBstomaBequipmentBtoBgainBconfidenceBwithBtheBproce
dure.B-
BAnswerB.BInstructBtheBclientBthatBtheBstomaBwillBbecomeBsmallerBwhenBtheBinitialBswellingB
diminishesB(PostoperativeBswellingBcausesBenlargementBofBtheBstoma.BTheBnurseBcanBteachBt
heBclientBthatBtheBstomaBwillBbecomeBsmallerBwhenBswellingBisBdiminishedB(B).BThisBwillBhel
pBreduceBtheBclient'sBanxietyBandBpromoteBacceptanceBofBtheBcolostomy.B(A)BdoesBnotBprovi
deBhelpfulBteachingBorBsupport.B(C)BisBaBusefulBaction,BandBmayBbeBtakenBafterBtheBnurseBp
rovidesBpertinentBteaching.BTheBclientBisBnotByetBdemonstratingBreadinessBtoBlearnBcolostomy
Bcare.B(D)
,HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE
EXAM QUESTIOS AND ANSWERS
UPDATED 2026
ABfemaleBclientBwithBaBnasogastricBtubeBattachedBtoBlowBsuctionBstatesBthatBsheBisBnauseat
ed.BTheBnurseBassessesBthatBthereBhasBbeenBnoBdrainageBthroughBtheBnasogastricBtubeBinBt
heBlastBtwoBhours.BWhatBactionBshouldBtheBnurseBtakeBfirst?
A.BIrrigateBtheBnasogastricBtubeBwithBsterileBnormalBsaline.
B.BRepositionBtheBclientBonBherBside.
C.BAdvanceBtheBnasogastricBtubeBanBadditionalBfiveBcentimeters.
D.BAdministerBanBintravenousBantiemeticBprescribedBforBPRNBuse.B-
BAnswerB.BRepositionBtheBclientBonBherBside.B(TheBimmediateBpriorityBisBtoBdetermineBifBthe
BtubeBisBfunctioningBcorrectly,BwhichBwouldBthenBrelieveBtheBclient'sBnausea.BTheBleastBinvasi
veBinterventionB(B)BshouldBbeBattemptedBfirst,BfollowedBbyB(ABandBC),BunlessBeitherBofBthes
eBinterventionsBisBcontraindicated.BIfBtheseBmeasuresBareBunsuccessful,BtheBclientBmayBrequir
eBanBantiemeticB(D))
ABhospitalizedBmaleBclientBisBreceivingBnasogastricBtubeBfeedingsBviaBaBsmall-
boreBtubeBandBaBcontinuousBpumpBinfusion.BHeBreportsBthatBheBhadBaBbadBboutBofBsevere
BcoughingBaBfewBminutesBago,BbutBfeelsBfineBnow.BWhatBactionBisBbestBforBtheBnurseBtoBta
ke?
A.BRecordBtheBcoughingBincident.BNoBfurtherBactionBisBrequiredBatBthisBtime.
B.BStopBtheBfeeding,BexplainBtoBtheBfamilyBwhyBitBisBbeingBstopped,BandBnotifyBtheBHCP.
C.BAfterBclearingBtheBtubeBwithB30BmlBofBair,BcheckBtheBpHBofBfluidBwithdrawnBfromBtheBtu
be.
D.BInjectB30BmlBofBairBintoBtheBtubeBwhileBauscultatingBtheBepigastriumBforBgurgling.B-
BAnswerC.BAfterBclearingBtheBtubeBwithB30BmlBofBair,BcheckBtheBpHBofBfluidBwithdrawnBfro
mBtheBtube.
ABmaleBclientBtellsBtheBnurseBthatBheBdoesBnotBknowBwhereBheBisBorBwhatByearBitBis.BWha
tBdataBshouldBtheBnurseBdocumentBthatBisBmostBaccurate?
A.BdemonstratesBlossBofBremoteBmemory
B.BexhibitsBexpressiveBdysphasia
C.BhasBaBdiminishedBattentionBspan
D.BisBdisorientedBtoBplaceBandBtimeB-
BAnswerD.BisBdisorientedBtoBplaceBandBtimeB(TheBclientBisBexhibitingBdisorientationB(D).B(A)Br
, efersBtoBmemoryBofBtheBdistantBpast.BTheBclientBisBableBtoBexpressBhimselfBwithoutBdifficulty
B(B),BandBdoesBnotBdemonstrateBdiminishedBattentionBspan.B(C).
ABclientBwithBchronicBkidneyBdiseaseB(CKD)BselectsBaBscrambledBeggBforBhisBbreakfast.BWhat
BactionBshouldBtheBnurseBtake?
A.BCommendBtheBclientBforBselectingBaBhighBbiologicBvalueBprotein.
B.BRemindBtheBclientBthatBproteinBinBtheBdietBshouldBbeBavoided.
C.BSuggestBthatBtheBclientBalsoBselectBorangeBjuice,BtoBpromoteBabsorption.
D.BEncourageBtheBclientBtoBattendBclassesBonBdietaryBmanagementBofBCKD.B-
BAnswerA.BCommendBtheBclientBforBselectingBaBhighBbiologicBvalueBprotein.B(FoodsBsuchBasB
eggsBandBmilkB(A)BareBhighBbiologicBproteinsBwhichBareBallowedBbecauseBtheyBareBcomplete
BproteinsBandBsupplyBtheBessentialBaminoBacidsBthatBareBnecessaryBforBgrowthBandBcellBrepa
ir.BOrangeBjuiceBisBrichBinBpotassiumBandBshouldBnotBbeBencouraged.BTheBclientBhasBmadeBa
BgoodBdietBchoiceBsoB(D)BisBnotBnecessary.)
WhenBassistingBanB82ByearBoldBclientBtoBambulate,BitBisBimportantBforBtheBnurseBtoBrealizeB
thatBtheBcenterBofBgravityBforBanBelderlyBpersonBisBthe--B-
BAnswerUpperBtorsoB(TheBcenterBofBgravityBforBadultsBisBtheBhips.BHowever,BasBtheBpersonB
growsBolder,BaBstoopedBpostureBisBcommonBbecauseBofBtheBchangesBfromBosteoporosisBandB
normalBboneBdegeneration,BandBtheBknees,Bhips,BandBelbowsBflex.BThisBstoopedBpostureBresu
ltsBinBtheBupperBtorsoBbecomingBtheBcenterBofBgravityBforBolderBpersons.)
InBdevelopingBaBplanBofBcareBforBaBclientBwithBdementia,BtheBnurseBshouldBrememberBthatB
confusionBinBtheBelderlyB
A.BisBtoBbeBexpected,BandBprogressesBwithBage
B.BoftenBfollowsBrelocationBtoBnewBsurroundings
C.BisBaBresultBofBirreversibleBbrainBpathologyB
D.BcanBbeBpreventedBwithBadequateBsleepB-
BAnswerB.BoftenBfollowsBrelocationBtoBnewBsurroundingsB(RelocationB(B)BoftenBresultsBinBconf
usionBamongBelderlyBclients--
BmovingBisBstressfulBforBanyone.B(A)BisBstereotypicalBjudgement.BStressBinBtheBelderlyBoftenB
manifestsBitselfBasBconfusion,BsoB(C)BisBwrong.BAdequateBsleepBisBnotBaBpreventionB(D)BforBc
onfusion.)
ABpostoperativeBclientBwillBneedBtoBperformBdailyBdressingBchangesBafterBdischarge.BWhichBo
utcomeBstatementBbestBdemonstratesBtheBclient'sBreadinessBtoBmanageBhisBwoundBcareBafter
Bdischarge?BTheBclient
A.BasksBrelevantBquestionsBregardingBtheBdressingBchange
BtoBhisBknee.BWhatBactionBshouldBtheBnurseBtakeBfirst?B
A.BObserveBtheBappearanceBofBtheBskinBunderBtheBiceBpack.
B.BInstructBtheBclientBregardingBtheBneedBforBtheBcovering.
C.BReapplyBtheBcoveringBafterBfillingBwithBfreshBice.
D.BAskBtheBclientBhowBlongBtheBiceBwasBappliedBtoBtheBskin.B-
BAnswerObserveBtheBappearanceBofBtheBskinBunderBtheBiceBpackB(TheBfirstBactionBtakenBbyB
theBnurseBshouldBbeBtoBassessBtheBskinBforBanyBpossibleBthermalBinjury.BIfBnoBinjuryBtoBthe
BskinBhasBoccurred,BtheBnurseBcanBtakeBtheBotherBactions.)
TheBnurseBmixesB50BmgBofBNiprideBinB250BmLBofBD5WBandBplansBtoBadministerBtheBsolutio
nBatBaBrateBofB5Bmcg/kg/minBtoBaBclientBweightingB182Blbs.BUsingBaBdripBfactorBofB60Bgtt/
mL,BhowBmanyBdropsBperBminuteBshouldBtheBclientBreceive?B-BAnswer124Bgtt/min
TheBhealthcareBproviderBprescribesBanBIVBinfusionBofB1000BmlBofBRinger'sBLactateBw/B30Buni
tsBofBPitocinBtoBrunBinBoverB4BhoursBforBaBclientBwhoBhasBjustBdeliveredBaB10BpoundBinfan
tBbyBcesareanBsection.BTheBtubingBhasBbeenBchangedBtoBaB20Bgtt/mlBadministrationBset.BThe
BnurseBplansBtoBsetBtheBflowBrateBatBhowBmanyBgtt/min?B-BAnswer83Bgtt/min
WhichBassessmentBdataBprovidesBtheBmostBaccurateBdeterminationBofBproperBplacementBofBa
BnasogastricBtube?B-BAnswerExaminingBaBchestBx-rayBobtainedBafterBtheBtubingBwasBinserted
ThreeBdaysBfollowingBaBsurgery,BaBmaleBclientBobservesBhisBcolostomyBforBtheBfirstBtime.BHe
BbecomesBquiteBupsetBandBtellsBtheBnurseBthatBitBisBmuchBbiggerBthanBheBexpected.BWhatBi
sBtheBbestBresponseBbyBtheBnurse?
A.BReassureBtheBclientBthatBheBwillBbecomeBaccustomedBtoBtheBstomaBappearanceBinBtime.B
B.BInstructBtheBclientBthatBtheBstomaBwillBbecomeBmuchBsmallerBwhenBtheBinitialBswellingBdi
minishes.B
C.BOfferBtoBcontactBaBmemberBofBtheBlocalBostomyBsupportBgroupBtoBhelpBhimBwithBhisBco
ncerns.
D.BEncourageBtheBclientBtoBhandleBtheBstomaBequipmentBtoBgainBconfidenceBwithBtheBproce
dure.B-
BAnswerB.BInstructBtheBclientBthatBtheBstomaBwillBbecomeBsmallerBwhenBtheBinitialBswellingB
diminishesB(PostoperativeBswellingBcausesBenlargementBofBtheBstoma.BTheBnurseBcanBteachBt
heBclientBthatBtheBstomaBwillBbecomeBsmallerBwhenBswellingBisBdiminishedB(B).BThisBwillBhel
pBreduceBtheBclient'sBanxietyBandBpromoteBacceptanceBofBtheBcolostomy.B(A)BdoesBnotBprovi
deBhelpfulBteachingBorBsupport.B(C)BisBaBusefulBaction,BandBmayBbeBtakenBafterBtheBnurseBp
rovidesBpertinentBteaching.BTheBclientBisBnotByetBdemonstratingBreadinessBtoBlearnBcolostomy
Bcare.B(D)
,HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE
EXAM QUESTIOS AND ANSWERS
UPDATED 2026
ABfemaleBclientBwithBaBnasogastricBtubeBattachedBtoBlowBsuctionBstatesBthatBsheBisBnauseat
ed.BTheBnurseBassessesBthatBthereBhasBbeenBnoBdrainageBthroughBtheBnasogastricBtubeBinBt
heBlastBtwoBhours.BWhatBactionBshouldBtheBnurseBtakeBfirst?
A.BIrrigateBtheBnasogastricBtubeBwithBsterileBnormalBsaline.
B.BRepositionBtheBclientBonBherBside.
C.BAdvanceBtheBnasogastricBtubeBanBadditionalBfiveBcentimeters.
D.BAdministerBanBintravenousBantiemeticBprescribedBforBPRNBuse.B-
BAnswerB.BRepositionBtheBclientBonBherBside.B(TheBimmediateBpriorityBisBtoBdetermineBifBthe
BtubeBisBfunctioningBcorrectly,BwhichBwouldBthenBrelieveBtheBclient'sBnausea.BTheBleastBinvasi
veBinterventionB(B)BshouldBbeBattemptedBfirst,BfollowedBbyB(ABandBC),BunlessBeitherBofBthes
eBinterventionsBisBcontraindicated.BIfBtheseBmeasuresBareBunsuccessful,BtheBclientBmayBrequir
eBanBantiemeticB(D))
ABhospitalizedBmaleBclientBisBreceivingBnasogastricBtubeBfeedingsBviaBaBsmall-
boreBtubeBandBaBcontinuousBpumpBinfusion.BHeBreportsBthatBheBhadBaBbadBboutBofBsevere
BcoughingBaBfewBminutesBago,BbutBfeelsBfineBnow.BWhatBactionBisBbestBforBtheBnurseBtoBta
ke?
A.BRecordBtheBcoughingBincident.BNoBfurtherBactionBisBrequiredBatBthisBtime.
B.BStopBtheBfeeding,BexplainBtoBtheBfamilyBwhyBitBisBbeingBstopped,BandBnotifyBtheBHCP.
C.BAfterBclearingBtheBtubeBwithB30BmlBofBair,BcheckBtheBpHBofBfluidBwithdrawnBfromBtheBtu
be.
D.BInjectB30BmlBofBairBintoBtheBtubeBwhileBauscultatingBtheBepigastriumBforBgurgling.B-
BAnswerC.BAfterBclearingBtheBtubeBwithB30BmlBofBair,BcheckBtheBpHBofBfluidBwithdrawnBfro
mBtheBtube.
ABmaleBclientBtellsBtheBnurseBthatBheBdoesBnotBknowBwhereBheBisBorBwhatByearBitBis.BWha
tBdataBshouldBtheBnurseBdocumentBthatBisBmostBaccurate?
A.BdemonstratesBlossBofBremoteBmemory
B.BexhibitsBexpressiveBdysphasia
C.BhasBaBdiminishedBattentionBspan
D.BisBdisorientedBtoBplaceBandBtimeB-
BAnswerD.BisBdisorientedBtoBplaceBandBtimeB(TheBclientBisBexhibitingBdisorientationB(D).B(A)Br
, efersBtoBmemoryBofBtheBdistantBpast.BTheBclientBisBableBtoBexpressBhimselfBwithoutBdifficulty
B(B),BandBdoesBnotBdemonstrateBdiminishedBattentionBspan.B(C).
ABclientBwithBchronicBkidneyBdiseaseB(CKD)BselectsBaBscrambledBeggBforBhisBbreakfast.BWhat
BactionBshouldBtheBnurseBtake?
A.BCommendBtheBclientBforBselectingBaBhighBbiologicBvalueBprotein.
B.BRemindBtheBclientBthatBproteinBinBtheBdietBshouldBbeBavoided.
C.BSuggestBthatBtheBclientBalsoBselectBorangeBjuice,BtoBpromoteBabsorption.
D.BEncourageBtheBclientBtoBattendBclassesBonBdietaryBmanagementBofBCKD.B-
BAnswerA.BCommendBtheBclientBforBselectingBaBhighBbiologicBvalueBprotein.B(FoodsBsuchBasB
eggsBandBmilkB(A)BareBhighBbiologicBproteinsBwhichBareBallowedBbecauseBtheyBareBcomplete
BproteinsBandBsupplyBtheBessentialBaminoBacidsBthatBareBnecessaryBforBgrowthBandBcellBrepa
ir.BOrangeBjuiceBisBrichBinBpotassiumBandBshouldBnotBbeBencouraged.BTheBclientBhasBmadeBa
BgoodBdietBchoiceBsoB(D)BisBnotBnecessary.)
WhenBassistingBanB82ByearBoldBclientBtoBambulate,BitBisBimportantBforBtheBnurseBtoBrealizeB
thatBtheBcenterBofBgravityBforBanBelderlyBpersonBisBthe--B-
BAnswerUpperBtorsoB(TheBcenterBofBgravityBforBadultsBisBtheBhips.BHowever,BasBtheBpersonB
growsBolder,BaBstoopedBpostureBisBcommonBbecauseBofBtheBchangesBfromBosteoporosisBandB
normalBboneBdegeneration,BandBtheBknees,Bhips,BandBelbowsBflex.BThisBstoopedBpostureBresu
ltsBinBtheBupperBtorsoBbecomingBtheBcenterBofBgravityBforBolderBpersons.)
InBdevelopingBaBplanBofBcareBforBaBclientBwithBdementia,BtheBnurseBshouldBrememberBthatB
confusionBinBtheBelderlyB
A.BisBtoBbeBexpected,BandBprogressesBwithBage
B.BoftenBfollowsBrelocationBtoBnewBsurroundings
C.BisBaBresultBofBirreversibleBbrainBpathologyB
D.BcanBbeBpreventedBwithBadequateBsleepB-
BAnswerB.BoftenBfollowsBrelocationBtoBnewBsurroundingsB(RelocationB(B)BoftenBresultsBinBconf
usionBamongBelderlyBclients--
BmovingBisBstressfulBforBanyone.B(A)BisBstereotypicalBjudgement.BStressBinBtheBelderlyBoftenB
manifestsBitselfBasBconfusion,BsoB(C)BisBwrong.BAdequateBsleepBisBnotBaBpreventionB(D)BforBc
onfusion.)
ABpostoperativeBclientBwillBneedBtoBperformBdailyBdressingBchangesBafterBdischarge.BWhichBo
utcomeBstatementBbestBdemonstratesBtheBclient'sBreadinessBtoBmanageBhisBwoundBcareBafter
Bdischarge?BTheBclient
A.BasksBrelevantBquestionsBregardingBtheBdressingBchange
