Pathophysiology All Chapter Complete Questions and
Answers A+ Guaranteed 100% Pass >>Brandnew<<
CELL ADAPTATION & INJURY
Adaptation after partial liver removal
Compensatory hyperplasia – remaining liver cells increase in number to restore function.
Muscle atrophy involves decrease in:
Cell size – not number.
Increased cardiac workload leads to:
Cell hypertrophy (increase in size) – cardiac cells do not divide.
Chest pain with exertion is caused by:
Ischemia – reduced blood flow → hypoxia.
Irreversible cell death with swelling & organelle breakdown:
Necrosis
Cheese-like tissue in TB:
Caseous necrosis
AGING CHANGES
Normal aging includes:
↓ Metabolic rate, ↓ brain weight, ↓ respiratory capacity
INFLAMMATION
Cardinal signs of acute inflammation:
Redness, Swelling, Warmth
First cell to arrive at inflammation site:
Neutrophils
Mediator causing pain & ↑ permeability:
Bradykinin
, Swelling is caused by:
Fluid exudate
Large leukocyte-filled exudate:
Purulent exudate
Primary purpose of inflammation:
Minimize injury and promote healing
WOUND HEALING
Stage IV pressure ulcer heals by:
Secondary intention
Clean surgical incision heals by:
Primary intention
Next phase after proliferation:
Remodeling
Raised scar within wound edges:
Hypertrophic scar
Bluish mass under incision:
Hematoma (complication)
Feeling “something gave way” post-op:
Dehiscence
CELLULAR & TISSUE CHANGES
Replacement of respiratory epithelium with squamous cells:
Metaplasia
Pap smear screens for:
Changes in cell shape, size, organization
IMMUNOLOGY – BASICS
Answers A+ Guaranteed 100% Pass >>Brandnew<<
CELL ADAPTATION & INJURY
Adaptation after partial liver removal
Compensatory hyperplasia – remaining liver cells increase in number to restore function.
Muscle atrophy involves decrease in:
Cell size – not number.
Increased cardiac workload leads to:
Cell hypertrophy (increase in size) – cardiac cells do not divide.
Chest pain with exertion is caused by:
Ischemia – reduced blood flow → hypoxia.
Irreversible cell death with swelling & organelle breakdown:
Necrosis
Cheese-like tissue in TB:
Caseous necrosis
AGING CHANGES
Normal aging includes:
↓ Metabolic rate, ↓ brain weight, ↓ respiratory capacity
INFLAMMATION
Cardinal signs of acute inflammation:
Redness, Swelling, Warmth
First cell to arrive at inflammation site:
Neutrophils
Mediator causing pain & ↑ permeability:
Bradykinin
, Swelling is caused by:
Fluid exudate
Large leukocyte-filled exudate:
Purulent exudate
Primary purpose of inflammation:
Minimize injury and promote healing
WOUND HEALING
Stage IV pressure ulcer heals by:
Secondary intention
Clean surgical incision heals by:
Primary intention
Next phase after proliferation:
Remodeling
Raised scar within wound edges:
Hypertrophic scar
Bluish mass under incision:
Hematoma (complication)
Feeling “something gave way” post-op:
Dehiscence
CELLULAR & TISSUE CHANGES
Replacement of respiratory epithelium with squamous cells:
Metaplasia
Pap smear screens for:
Changes in cell shape, size, organization
IMMUNOLOGY – BASICS
