NUFT 341 LATEST 2026 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Migraine - ✔✔- Recurring headache w/ unilateral throbbing pain
- W/ or w/o aura (sensory disturbance)
- Nausea and vomiting
✔✔Cluster - ✔✔- Most severe form
- Brief episode of unilateral, non throbbing pain
- 15 minutes to 3 hrs
- No aura
- Nasal congestion
- Diaphoresis
- Nausea and vomiting
- Bradycardia
✔✔ALS - ✔✔- Progressive, invariably fatal neurological disease that attacks motor
neurons
- No known cure; symptomatic treatment
✔✔ALS manifestations and treatment - ✔✔- Dropping things, tripping
- Twitching, cramping
- Fatigue
- Slurred speech
- Dysphagia
- Eventual respiratory compromise
- Paralysis
- Prevent falls
- Symptomatic relief
- Reduce aspiration risk
✔✔Bell's palsy - ✔✔- Usually temporary facial paresis from damage to cranial nerve;
mostly unilateral but can be bilateral
- Cause unknown
- Recovery 2 weeks - 6 months
✔✔Bell's palsy manifestations - ✔✔- Unilateral lower motor facial weakness
- Drooping eyelids
- Facial twitching
- Eye or mouth dryness
- Peak 48-72 hrs
✔✔Guillaine-Barre syndrome - ✔✔- From viral or bacterial infection
- Injury to myelin sheath or nerve axon
, - Edema and inflammation leads to damaged sheath and exposed nerve
✔✔GB etiology - ✔✔- Nerve transmission slowed
- Flaccid paralysis
- Maximum weakness is reached in 4 weeks
- Ground to brain neurological function loss
- Proximal to distal neurological functional regain
✔✔GB manifestations - ✔✔- Acute, ascending
- Rapidly progressive
- Numbness
- Muscle loss
- Weak or absent reflexes
- LOC
- Gagging and swallowing
- Pain worse at night
- Respiratory failure
✔✔GB features - ✔✔- Progressive weakness of more than 1 limb
- Weak or absent reflexes
- Regaining starts spontaneously at 28 days
✔✔Myasthenia gravis - ✔✔- Autoimmune disease that affects neurotransmission
impulses
- Presence of acetylcholine antibodies
- Longterm varying degrees of muscle weakness
- Weakness increases w/ muscle use
✔✔MG manifestations - ✔✔- Double vision
- Upper eyelid drooping
- Masklike effect
- Dysphagia, choking
- Respiratory failure
- Muscle weakness improves w/ rest; worsens w/ activity
✔✔MG diagnostics - ✔✔- Tensilon test (temporary improvement in strength following
injection indicates MG)
- EMG (decreased response of repeated stimulation to hand)
✔✔MG crisis - ✔✔Cholinergic:
- Too much mediation; weakness 1 hr after ingestion
Myasthenic:
- Too little medication; acute worsening of symptoms
- Symptoms improve w/ IV drugs
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Migraine - ✔✔- Recurring headache w/ unilateral throbbing pain
- W/ or w/o aura (sensory disturbance)
- Nausea and vomiting
✔✔Cluster - ✔✔- Most severe form
- Brief episode of unilateral, non throbbing pain
- 15 minutes to 3 hrs
- No aura
- Nasal congestion
- Diaphoresis
- Nausea and vomiting
- Bradycardia
✔✔ALS - ✔✔- Progressive, invariably fatal neurological disease that attacks motor
neurons
- No known cure; symptomatic treatment
✔✔ALS manifestations and treatment - ✔✔- Dropping things, tripping
- Twitching, cramping
- Fatigue
- Slurred speech
- Dysphagia
- Eventual respiratory compromise
- Paralysis
- Prevent falls
- Symptomatic relief
- Reduce aspiration risk
✔✔Bell's palsy - ✔✔- Usually temporary facial paresis from damage to cranial nerve;
mostly unilateral but can be bilateral
- Cause unknown
- Recovery 2 weeks - 6 months
✔✔Bell's palsy manifestations - ✔✔- Unilateral lower motor facial weakness
- Drooping eyelids
- Facial twitching
- Eye or mouth dryness
- Peak 48-72 hrs
✔✔Guillaine-Barre syndrome - ✔✔- From viral or bacterial infection
- Injury to myelin sheath or nerve axon
, - Edema and inflammation leads to damaged sheath and exposed nerve
✔✔GB etiology - ✔✔- Nerve transmission slowed
- Flaccid paralysis
- Maximum weakness is reached in 4 weeks
- Ground to brain neurological function loss
- Proximal to distal neurological functional regain
✔✔GB manifestations - ✔✔- Acute, ascending
- Rapidly progressive
- Numbness
- Muscle loss
- Weak or absent reflexes
- LOC
- Gagging and swallowing
- Pain worse at night
- Respiratory failure
✔✔GB features - ✔✔- Progressive weakness of more than 1 limb
- Weak or absent reflexes
- Regaining starts spontaneously at 28 days
✔✔Myasthenia gravis - ✔✔- Autoimmune disease that affects neurotransmission
impulses
- Presence of acetylcholine antibodies
- Longterm varying degrees of muscle weakness
- Weakness increases w/ muscle use
✔✔MG manifestations - ✔✔- Double vision
- Upper eyelid drooping
- Masklike effect
- Dysphagia, choking
- Respiratory failure
- Muscle weakness improves w/ rest; worsens w/ activity
✔✔MG diagnostics - ✔✔- Tensilon test (temporary improvement in strength following
injection indicates MG)
- EMG (decreased response of repeated stimulation to hand)
✔✔MG crisis - ✔✔Cholinergic:
- Too much mediation; weakness 1 hr after ingestion
Myasthenic:
- Too little medication; acute worsening of symptoms
- Symptoms improve w/ IV drugs
