MBA 704 CHAPTER 13 AND 14 FINAL PAPER 2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VER, Exams of Sociology of Organizations
Authenic Leaders - ANSWER-Transparent
-honest with themselves and with others.
-exhibit a higher level of moral reasoning capacity, allowing them to judge
between gray and shades of gray
-positive and strength-based orientations toward one's development and the
development of others.
-"bring people together around a shared mission and values and empower
them to lead, in order to serve their customers while creating value for all
their stakeholders."
Warren Bennis - ANSWER-"The End of Leadership"
-effective leadership cannot exist without the full inclusion, initiatives, and
the cooperation of employees.
Posner - ANSWERIn the past, business believed that a leader was like the
captain of a ship: cool, calm, collected. Now, we see that leaders need to be
human. They need to be in touch, they need to be empathetic, and they need
to be with people. Leaders need to be a part of what's going on, not apart
from what's going on.
,Globalization - ANSWERchanged the traditional view of an organizational
leader as "the heroic individual, often charismatic, whose positional power,
intellectual strength, and per- suasive gifts motivate followers
Leadership - ANSWER-defined in terms of group processes, personality,
compliance, particular behaviors, persuasion, power, goal achievement,
interaction, role differentiation, initiation of structure, and combinations of
two or more of these.
-nature and nurture
indicators and predictors of true leadership - ANSWERan individual's ability to
find meaning in negative events and to learn from even the most trying
circumstances
Manager vs Leader Characteristics (there are 12) - ANSWERManager
Characteristics -Leader Characteristics
Administers -innovates
• A copy -The Original
• Maintains - Develops
• Focus on syst and struct - focus on people
• Relies on control - Inspires Trust
• Short-range view - long- range perspective
• Asks how and when -Asks what and why
• Eye on the bottom line - eye on horizon
• Imitates - originates
• Accepts the status quo -challenge status quo
• Classic good soldier - Own person
,• Does things right -Does the right thing
Fortune article on Leadership - ANSWER"contemporary leadership seems to
be a matter of aligning people toward common goals and empowering them
to take the actions needed to
reach them."
Gretzky - ANSWERI don't go where the puck is; I go to where the puck is
going to be."
The Iowa Leadership Studies - ANSWER-A series of pioneering leadership
studies conducted by Ronald Lippitt and Ralph K. White under the general
direction of Kurt Lewin at the University of Iowa have had a lasting impact.
Lewin is recognized as the father of group dynamics and as an important
cognitive theorist.
-In the initial studies, hobby clubs for ten-year-old boys were formed. Each
club was submitted to all three different styles of leadership— authoritarian,
democratic, and laissez-faire
Authoritarian leadership - ANSWER-very directive and allowed no
participation.
-tended to give individual attention when praising and criticizing, but tried to
be friendly or impersonal rather than openly hostile
-boys subjected to the autocratic leaders reacted in one of two ways: either
aggressively or apathetically.
democratic leadership - ANSWER-encouraged group discussion and decision
making
, -tried to be "objective" in giving praise or criticism and to be one of the
groups in spirit
-aggressive and apathetic acts fall somewhere in the middle
laissez-faire leader - ANSWER-complete freedom to the group; this leader
essentially provided no leadership.
-produced the greatest number of aggressive acts from the group
Ohio State University /Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ) -
ANSWERUsed to analyze leadership in numerous types of groups and
situations.
-started with premise that no satisfactory definition of leadership existed
-studies show only HOW leaders carry out their leadership function
-the Ohio State factors are task or goal orientation (initiating structure) and
recognition of individual needs and relationships (consideration). The two
dimensions are separate and distinct from each other.
-identified consideration (a supportive type of style) and initiating structure
(a directive type of style) as being the major functions of leadership.
Today leadership is recognized as both____________ and __________ -
ANSWER-multidimensional, as first pointed out by the Ohio State studies
-multilevel (person, dyad, group, and collective/community)
Early Michigan Leadership Studies - ANSWER-Results:
-supervisors of high-producing sections were more likely to be general rather
than close in their supervisory styles and be employee-centered (have a
genuine concern for their people). -low producing section supervisors were
found to be close, production-centered supervisors.
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 100% VER, Exams of Sociology of Organizations
Authenic Leaders - ANSWER-Transparent
-honest with themselves and with others.
-exhibit a higher level of moral reasoning capacity, allowing them to judge
between gray and shades of gray
-positive and strength-based orientations toward one's development and the
development of others.
-"bring people together around a shared mission and values and empower
them to lead, in order to serve their customers while creating value for all
their stakeholders."
Warren Bennis - ANSWER-"The End of Leadership"
-effective leadership cannot exist without the full inclusion, initiatives, and
the cooperation of employees.
Posner - ANSWERIn the past, business believed that a leader was like the
captain of a ship: cool, calm, collected. Now, we see that leaders need to be
human. They need to be in touch, they need to be empathetic, and they need
to be with people. Leaders need to be a part of what's going on, not apart
from what's going on.
,Globalization - ANSWERchanged the traditional view of an organizational
leader as "the heroic individual, often charismatic, whose positional power,
intellectual strength, and per- suasive gifts motivate followers
Leadership - ANSWER-defined in terms of group processes, personality,
compliance, particular behaviors, persuasion, power, goal achievement,
interaction, role differentiation, initiation of structure, and combinations of
two or more of these.
-nature and nurture
indicators and predictors of true leadership - ANSWERan individual's ability to
find meaning in negative events and to learn from even the most trying
circumstances
Manager vs Leader Characteristics (there are 12) - ANSWERManager
Characteristics -Leader Characteristics
Administers -innovates
• A copy -The Original
• Maintains - Develops
• Focus on syst and struct - focus on people
• Relies on control - Inspires Trust
• Short-range view - long- range perspective
• Asks how and when -Asks what and why
• Eye on the bottom line - eye on horizon
• Imitates - originates
• Accepts the status quo -challenge status quo
• Classic good soldier - Own person
,• Does things right -Does the right thing
Fortune article on Leadership - ANSWER"contemporary leadership seems to
be a matter of aligning people toward common goals and empowering them
to take the actions needed to
reach them."
Gretzky - ANSWERI don't go where the puck is; I go to where the puck is
going to be."
The Iowa Leadership Studies - ANSWER-A series of pioneering leadership
studies conducted by Ronald Lippitt and Ralph K. White under the general
direction of Kurt Lewin at the University of Iowa have had a lasting impact.
Lewin is recognized as the father of group dynamics and as an important
cognitive theorist.
-In the initial studies, hobby clubs for ten-year-old boys were formed. Each
club was submitted to all three different styles of leadership— authoritarian,
democratic, and laissez-faire
Authoritarian leadership - ANSWER-very directive and allowed no
participation.
-tended to give individual attention when praising and criticizing, but tried to
be friendly or impersonal rather than openly hostile
-boys subjected to the autocratic leaders reacted in one of two ways: either
aggressively or apathetically.
democratic leadership - ANSWER-encouraged group discussion and decision
making
, -tried to be "objective" in giving praise or criticism and to be one of the
groups in spirit
-aggressive and apathetic acts fall somewhere in the middle
laissez-faire leader - ANSWER-complete freedom to the group; this leader
essentially provided no leadership.
-produced the greatest number of aggressive acts from the group
Ohio State University /Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ) -
ANSWERUsed to analyze leadership in numerous types of groups and
situations.
-started with premise that no satisfactory definition of leadership existed
-studies show only HOW leaders carry out their leadership function
-the Ohio State factors are task or goal orientation (initiating structure) and
recognition of individual needs and relationships (consideration). The two
dimensions are separate and distinct from each other.
-identified consideration (a supportive type of style) and initiating structure
(a directive type of style) as being the major functions of leadership.
Today leadership is recognized as both____________ and __________ -
ANSWER-multidimensional, as first pointed out by the Ohio State studies
-multilevel (person, dyad, group, and collective/community)
Early Michigan Leadership Studies - ANSWER-Results:
-supervisors of high-producing sections were more likely to be general rather
than close in their supervisory styles and be employee-centered (have a
genuine concern for their people). -low producing section supervisors were
found to be close, production-centered supervisors.
