European Union Law

There is a ticking bomb dilemma in the issue of torture in international law, and particularly in Europe. There are significant legal precedents on this issue like the Gafgen v Germany case. There are distinctive views on the topic of torture related to ECHR and the ECtHR.

Extensive notes covering the textbook content, coursework and exam preparation.

PRP – preliminary reference procedure summary notes. The first page shows a brief diagram of the steps needed to refer a case on the CJEU. Following the diagram, a comprehsive explanation of the steps is outlined and they are catagorised into 3 main criteria 1. WHO - who is making the reference 2. WHAT - What kind of question is being referred to the CJEU? 3.WHEN - When should the national court refer a question. Or in other words, do the national courts have a Duty or Discretion to refer...

An easy to understand in depth summary of the Free movement of workers topic that is taught in the European Union Law module/Unit. The first page provides the steps that are required to prove whether the measure imposes by the member state restricts the free movement right of the worker. Following the diagram on the first page, an indepth explanation of free movement of persons as well justifications for the state are laid out. The steps provided should be used when tackling a problem question ...