Summary MPBD: Brain basics & Nervous system

What is the function of afferent neurons?

Antwort: They detect changes from the internal and external environment and send information to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).

What is the function of efferent neurons?

Antwort: These neurons send information from the brain via the spinal cord to the body and control muscles and glands.

Where does the central nervous system consist of?

Antwort: The brain and the spinal cord.

Where does the peripheral nervous system consists of?

Antwort: All the nerons present in the body exept for the brain and the spinal cord.

Where does the somatic nervous system consist of?

Antwort: The cranial and spinal nerves (sensory organs, muscles, joints, and skin). The somatic nervous system transmits incoming sensory information (vision, hearing, pain, temperature, touch, position, and movement of body parts).

Where does the autonomic nervous system consist of?

Antwort: This is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic. The autonomic nervous system balances the body’s internal organs (heart, blood vessels, lungs, airways, intestines, etc).

What part in the brain consists of blood vessels and neuronal cell bodies, and is organized in layers of nuclei?

Antwort: Grey matter

How does the central nervous system develop?

Antwort: The brain originates from a tube, this tube bends, folds, and froms 3 parts called encephalon.

Where is the brainstem composed of?

Antwort: Midbrain, pons, and medulla.

What are the functions of the medulla?

Antwort: This part of the brain is associated with arousal, and basic life support, such as heartbeat and breathing.