Confounding error Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Nr 503 Midterm Latest Update Graded A health disparities differences in health outcomes among groups Population A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area How are outcomes measured? the end result after treatment/intervention that describes a patients health status social justice theory relates advocacy, health disparities and outcomes (equality) primary intervention an intervention that occurs before the onset of the disease secondary intervention afte...

PSYC 304 FINAL: RESEARCH METHODS Athabasca University 100% Verified Authority - answerbased on someone's else's language logic - answer- based on reason intuition - answer- a way of knowing spontaneous instinctive processes rather than on logic or reasoning - spontaneous perception or judgment not based on reasoned mental steps Variable - answer- A factor that can change in an experiment with different conditions dependent variable - answerThe measurable effect, outcome, or response in...

Epidemiology Final Study Guide 2023 The term attributable risk is defined as the ratio of the incidence of a disease among exposed individuals to the incidence among nonexposed individuals. - ANS-False The term attributable risk is also known as the rate difference or risk difference. - ANSTrue The death rate per 100,000 for lung cancer is 7 among nonsmokers and 71 among smokers. The death rate per 100,000 for coronary thrombosis is 422 among nonsmokers and 599 among smokers. The preva...

Statistics correct answers Science used to interpret and understand numbers that describe the health of the population Causes of uncertainty: correct answers Conflicting results, missing data, ongoing studies (data changes), bias(ensures validity and accuracy)(blind studies), and confounding factors (outside variables affecting the study) Goals for Statistics correct answers Conduct high quality research projects and use statistics responsibility to quantify and reduce uncertainty. P-Va...

CPCE Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Empirically validated Treatment or Empirically Supported treatment - Correct Answer ️️ -When counselors do integrate research into practice. Correlation - Correct Answer ️️ -Correlation is simply an association. It is not the same as causality. The correlation between people who have an umbrella open and rain is very high, but opening your umbrella does not cause it to rain. Three types of correlations - Correct Answer ️️ -Go from negat...

Agent correct answer: An animate or inanimate factor that must be present or lacking for a disease or condition to develop. analytic epidemiology correct answer: Focus on investigation of causes and associations Attack rate correct answer: The proportion of persons who are exposed to an agent and develop the disease. Bias correct answer: A systematic error as a result of the study design, the wayit is conducted. case- countrol study correct answer: Subjects are enrolled because ...

Empirically validated Treatment or Empirically Supported treatment When counselors do integrate research into practice. Correlation Correlation is simply an association. It is not the same as causality. The correlation between people who have an umbrella open and rain is very high, but opening your umbrella does not cause it to rain. Three types of correlations Go from negative 1 to 0 to positive 1. Zero means no correlation while positive 1 and negative 1 are perfect...

Explain what we mean by a confidence level (exp. 95%) The percentage of intervals, based on all possible samples of the same size taken from the same population, that contain the parameter. For example, if we construct 100 95% confidence intervals using 100 samples of the same size, approximately 95 of the intervals will contain the true parameter and 5 will not. A point estimate is the value of a _________ that estimates the value of a ____________ statistic, parameter ...

Bias in study design Systematic , nonrandom variation in study methodology and/or data collection process that results in an incorrect estimate of association between exposure and outcome affecting the true value of the result Ex of bias: - Selection bias: systematic selection of subjects that leads to an imbalance or an advantage in favor of one cohort over the other, leading to an error in the selection, or sampling of individuals for a clinical study -observational or information bias...

CPH Exam Questions & Answers 2024 It is well recognized that one of the easiest ways to increase statistical power is to increase the sample size. Which of the following could also be used to increase power in a study. - ANSWER-Reduce error through using appropriate methods **Power is primarily influenced by two things, sample size and variability. Power increases as sample size increases or variability decreases. Variability includes two parts, true variability and error varibility. We...