Bodily Fluid Physiology
1
,Bodily fluids:.......................................................................................................................... 3
The cell:..............................................................................................................................3
Quantities of substances:................................................................................................... 3
Diffusion:............................................................................................................................ 4
Transport across cell membranes:..................................................................................... 4
Passive transport:.........................................................................................................4
Active transport:........................................................................................................... 5
Osmosis:............................................................................................................................ 8
Types of osmotic pressure:.......................................................................................... 8
Osmolarity:................................................................................................................... 8
Osmolarity vs Tonicity:..................................................................................................9
Body fluid compartments:...................................................................................................9
Starlings forces:..........................................................................................................10
Fluid movement:......................................................................................................... 11
Factors which affect total body water:........................................................................ 11
Special fluids:................................................................................................................... 12
Water Balance:................................................................................................................. 12
Oedema:...........................................................................................................................14
Disturbances in bodily fluid balance:................................................................................ 16
Overhydration and Dehydration causes:.................................................................... 16
Dehydration signs and treatments:...................................................................................17
Oral rehydration therapy:............................................................................................17
Formulae:................................................................................................................... 17
2
, Bodily fluids:
The cell:
Preservation requires:
1.) sufficient fluid and water volume,
2.) correct concentration of electrolytes and
nutrients available,
3.) pH range for enzyme function
4.) temperature range for enzyme function
Quantities of substances:
1 Mole (mol) = 6.02x10²³ particles = Molecular weight
Concentration to g of substance:
n/l=conc. (x)
Typically measured as mmol/l = 1/1000 mol/l
Diffusion:
High concentration - low concentration (down concentration gradient)
Particles distribute themselves evenly ∴ measurement at one point = any point
Size of molecule and temperature effect rate of diffusion
- decrease size of molecule = increased rate of diffusion, easier passage
- Increase temperature = increase ROD ∴ increase Ek
3
1
,Bodily fluids:.......................................................................................................................... 3
The cell:..............................................................................................................................3
Quantities of substances:................................................................................................... 3
Diffusion:............................................................................................................................ 4
Transport across cell membranes:..................................................................................... 4
Passive transport:.........................................................................................................4
Active transport:........................................................................................................... 5
Osmosis:............................................................................................................................ 8
Types of osmotic pressure:.......................................................................................... 8
Osmolarity:................................................................................................................... 8
Osmolarity vs Tonicity:..................................................................................................9
Body fluid compartments:...................................................................................................9
Starlings forces:..........................................................................................................10
Fluid movement:......................................................................................................... 11
Factors which affect total body water:........................................................................ 11
Special fluids:................................................................................................................... 12
Water Balance:................................................................................................................. 12
Oedema:...........................................................................................................................14
Disturbances in bodily fluid balance:................................................................................ 16
Overhydration and Dehydration causes:.................................................................... 16
Dehydration signs and treatments:...................................................................................17
Oral rehydration therapy:............................................................................................17
Formulae:................................................................................................................... 17
2
, Bodily fluids:
The cell:
Preservation requires:
1.) sufficient fluid and water volume,
2.) correct concentration of electrolytes and
nutrients available,
3.) pH range for enzyme function
4.) temperature range for enzyme function
Quantities of substances:
1 Mole (mol) = 6.02x10²³ particles = Molecular weight
Concentration to g of substance:
n/l=conc. (x)
Typically measured as mmol/l = 1/1000 mol/l
Diffusion:
High concentration - low concentration (down concentration gradient)
Particles distribute themselves evenly ∴ measurement at one point = any point
Size of molecule and temperature effect rate of diffusion
- decrease size of molecule = increased rate of diffusion, easier passage
- Increase temperature = increase ROD ∴ increase Ek
3
