BIOL 207 Final Review with Questions and Answers

BIOL 207 Final Review with Questions and Answers Fick's Law ANSWER Area x Concentration or pressure gradient / thickness or distance = rate of diffusion pulmonary surfactant ANSWER Surface tension of water in alveoli causes them to collapse or recoil elastically Reduces work of breathing - produced by type II alveolar cells Type I alveolar cells ANSWER Simple squamous cells where gas exchange occurs which allow rapid diffusion of gases through their thin membranes. Type II alveolar cells ANSWER secrete surfactant Law of LaPlace ANSWER Pressure known from radius and tension Pressure lower in larger alveoli respiratory distress syndrome ANSWER respiratory complication in the newborn, especially in premature infants where they don't have surfactant - it is hard to breath Cortisol is used to stimulate surfactant production obstructive lung diseases ANSWER Increased airway resistance - harder to exhale air (can collapse airways) - emphysema: loss of lung tissue decreases elastic recoil of lungs - asthma: bronchiolar constriction and mucous increase airway resistance - edema: fluid plugs airways and alveoli