Human Evolution - Summary

EVOLUTION 8 THE ORIGIN OF ORGANISMS
the process by which new types of organisms develop from
4 DEVELOPMENT OF EMBRYO
existing organisms
organisms dev . from common ancestor



ERASMUS DARWIN early stages of development → all embryos have nerve cord

spdlnal cord
living organisms ( and humans ) changed over time due to a 8 supporting rod
vital force



5 GENETIC SIMILARITIES

JEAN -
BAPTISTE de LAMARCK gene pool 1 DNA changes over time


environment caused changes in organisms close similarities in DNA = shows related hell


use Id 11 Use → creatures could dev new organs ( change
.
organisms with more similarities in protein t nucleic acid leg
structure ( function = more closely related



giraffes stretched their necks 9 BIOCHEMICAL SIMILAR 171ft

DNA


CHARLES DARWIN shared amino acid sequences


individuals most suited to their environment

lived long enough to reproduce




parents passed good traits → offspring

tell favourable traits → died




WALLACE

• related species dev . from a common ancestor 8 changed
over time




•
populations living in separate areas could lead to new species




EVOLUTION → SCIENTIFIC THEORY
satisfied most tests




CREATIONISTS believe Earth 8 all living things were created In a
event
single


SCIENCE needs evidence to support its facts


FAITH act of belief based on absolute trust in a holy being




2 STRUCTURAL SIMILARITIES t MODIFICATION
BY DESCENT


analogous t homologous

convergent t divergent



3 MODIFICATION WITHIN A SPEC Ift

adaptations ( modification occurred to adapt to different
environments




eg : horse

, EVOLUTION BY NATURAL SELECTION
the process of change over a
long geological time period which leads to individuals adapting to their environment
changing s




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Micro -
EVOLUTION MACRO -
EVOLUTION

process of change 8 variation that occurs within a species gradual process of change that leads to the formation of a new species




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how
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living organisms
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have changed 8 developed
years ago
over time
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3 Similarities and differences in type , origins and functions of body structures
extinct 8 extant species
4 Clues about relationship btw .




and environment mya
s climate
DIVERGENT
EVOLUTION
CONVERGENT HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES


EVOLUTION
ANALOGOUS BODY STRUCTURES




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BODY STRUCTURES THAT DO THE SAME JOB
SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT STRUCTURE
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THEY WERE INHERITED
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FEATURE 1 OR CHARACTERISTICS SHARED BY A GROUP OF SPECIES
FROM THE SAME COMMON ANCESTOR
BECAUSE




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A COMMON ANCESTOR AND SHARE
WHEN OR GANI ? Mf NOT CLOSELY RELATED EVOLVE SIMILAR ADAPTIONS INDEPENDENTLY
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GENETIC SIMILARITIES
close similarities DNA → of different
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species [ related ]


with more similarities in protein
organisms
and nucleic acid sequences ( closely related ]




b BIOGEOGRAPHY
the study of distribution of species

broke up and
drifted apart
PANGAEA =

Of similar f-011111
On diff continents
explains exist .




7 LIVING LINKS joining
duck -
billed platypus primitive mammal that eggs
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not gills
lung f- 11h -
have lungs


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GRADUALISM PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM


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