Honors Chemistry Unit 4 Test Study Guide with Complete Solutions

Honors Chemistry Unit 4 Test Study Guide with Complete Solutions Ionic Bond - Answer️️ -Force of attraction between two oppositely charged ions formed by one particle losing electrons and another gaining electrons; formed when one atom takes an electron from another atom--ions are the result (one positive, one negative)--they stick together because of opposite charges; difference between electronegativities is high; formula unit; metals--low electronegativity--lose electrons to form cations; nonmetals--high electronegativity--gain electrons to form anions; metals- nonmetals Covalent Bond - Answer️️ -Electrons are shared between atoms with relatively high electronegativity (nonmetals); formed when both atoms have a strong attraction to the electron, so they share the electron--neither atom has a charge; molecules; difference between electronegativities is low; unequal sharing-polar covalent bond; equal non polar covalent bond; nonmetals-nonmetals Metallic Bond - Answer️️ -Metal bonded with a metal; two or more metals atoms bonded together; occurs when neither atom has a strong attraction to the electrons; metals have low electronegativity values; metals bonded with other metals have "spare" electrons that end up forming the "sea of electrons" Polar Covalent Bond - Answer️️ -Bonds where the electrons are not equally shared-- there is a preference for one nucleus over the other ©SOPHIABENNETT 2024/2025 9:45 AM Page | 2 Semimetal - Answer️️ -Metallic bonds where the electrons are more tightly held; these substances will exhibit fewer metallic properties and more covalent properties Diatomic Molecules - Answer️️ -Br2, I2, N2, Cl2, H2,O2, F2; a molecule consisting of two atoms Naming Covalent Compounds Prefixes - Answer️️ -1-mono 2-di 3-tri 4-tetra 5-penta 6-hexa 7-hepta 8-octa 9-nona 10-deca The Octet Rule - Answer️️ -Most elements combine in such a way that each atom tends to have 8 valence electrons, giving it the electron configuration of a noble gas; exception: some elements require less than 8--ex. Boron (BF3) an