HS 2300 - Anatomy Midterm Test With
Correct Solution
Axial vs Appendicular skeleton - ANSWER axial = head neck down to pelvic bones
appendicular = appendages
Types of bone fractures - ANSWER Comminuted, compression, epiphyseal, depressed,
spiral, green stick
Carpal Bones of the Hand - ANSWER Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform,
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
What kind of fracture causes 3+ pieces of bone fragment? - ANSWER Comminuted
What kind of fracture causes crushed bones? - ANSWER Compression
What kind of fracture causes separation at the epiphyseal plates? - ANSWER Epiphyseal
What kind of fracture causes a piece of bone to be pressed into a cavity? - ANSWER
Depressed
What kind of fracture is caused by a twisting force? - ANSWER Spiral
What kind of fracture causes one side of a bone to be broken and the other to stick
outwards? - ANSWER Green stick
What is a condyle? - ANSWER A "knuckle" : rounded articular projection
When does bone development start and finish? - ANSWER Start: 6 weeks embryonic
Finish: 20 yr/o
Diaphysis vs. Epiphysis - ANSWER Diaphysis: shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone
Epiphysis: Each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate.
What do osteocytes do? - ANSWER Maintain bone matrix
Progression of bone cells - ANSWER Periosteum mesenchimal cell > osteoblast >
osteocyte
Simple vs compound fracture - ANSWER Compound: bone breaks and sticks through
the skin
Simple: doesn't go through the skin, injures only the bone
, Neurocranium vs viscerocranium - ANSWER Neurocranium: skull bones covering brain
area
Viscerocranium: skull bones covering the face
What neurocranium bone contains the internal auditory meatus? - ANSWER Temporal
Occipital condyle location and articulation - ANSWER Occipital bone
Articulates with C1 Atlas
Where is the sella turcica located? What is contained inside of it? - ANSWER Sphenoid
bone
Contains the pituitary gland
Bones of the viscerocranium - ANSWER Lacrimal, nasal, maxilla, zygomatic, palatine,
inferior nasal conchae, mandible, vomer, ethmoid
How many vertebrae are in the vertebral column? What is their distribution? - ANSWER
24
7 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
Which vertebrae have bifid spinous processes? - ANSWER Cervical
5 Classes of Bones - ANSWER Long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
What is a ganglion? - ANSWER Collection of neuron cell bodies outside CNS
Which neuroglia is found in the CNS vs PNS? - ANSWER CNS: Oligodendrocytes
PNS: Schwann Cells
Which neuroglial cell accounts for more than one myelin sheath at a time? - ANSWER
Oligodendrocytes
What cells and structures are affected in Multiple-Sclerosis? - ANSWER
Oligodendrocytes and therefore myelin sheaths in the CNS
What is the PNS equivalent to MS? Is it more or less dangerous than MS? - ANSWER
Guillian-Barré Syndrome
Less dangerous because Schwann cells can repair themselves
Will a neuron with a thicker diameter propagate an AP faster or slower? - ANSWER
Faster
Correct Solution
Axial vs Appendicular skeleton - ANSWER axial = head neck down to pelvic bones
appendicular = appendages
Types of bone fractures - ANSWER Comminuted, compression, epiphyseal, depressed,
spiral, green stick
Carpal Bones of the Hand - ANSWER Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform,
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
What kind of fracture causes 3+ pieces of bone fragment? - ANSWER Comminuted
What kind of fracture causes crushed bones? - ANSWER Compression
What kind of fracture causes separation at the epiphyseal plates? - ANSWER Epiphyseal
What kind of fracture causes a piece of bone to be pressed into a cavity? - ANSWER
Depressed
What kind of fracture is caused by a twisting force? - ANSWER Spiral
What kind of fracture causes one side of a bone to be broken and the other to stick
outwards? - ANSWER Green stick
What is a condyle? - ANSWER A "knuckle" : rounded articular projection
When does bone development start and finish? - ANSWER Start: 6 weeks embryonic
Finish: 20 yr/o
Diaphysis vs. Epiphysis - ANSWER Diaphysis: shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone
Epiphysis: Each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate.
What do osteocytes do? - ANSWER Maintain bone matrix
Progression of bone cells - ANSWER Periosteum mesenchimal cell > osteoblast >
osteocyte
Simple vs compound fracture - ANSWER Compound: bone breaks and sticks through
the skin
Simple: doesn't go through the skin, injures only the bone
, Neurocranium vs viscerocranium - ANSWER Neurocranium: skull bones covering brain
area
Viscerocranium: skull bones covering the face
What neurocranium bone contains the internal auditory meatus? - ANSWER Temporal
Occipital condyle location and articulation - ANSWER Occipital bone
Articulates with C1 Atlas
Where is the sella turcica located? What is contained inside of it? - ANSWER Sphenoid
bone
Contains the pituitary gland
Bones of the viscerocranium - ANSWER Lacrimal, nasal, maxilla, zygomatic, palatine,
inferior nasal conchae, mandible, vomer, ethmoid
How many vertebrae are in the vertebral column? What is their distribution? - ANSWER
24
7 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
Which vertebrae have bifid spinous processes? - ANSWER Cervical
5 Classes of Bones - ANSWER Long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
What is a ganglion? - ANSWER Collection of neuron cell bodies outside CNS
Which neuroglia is found in the CNS vs PNS? - ANSWER CNS: Oligodendrocytes
PNS: Schwann Cells
Which neuroglial cell accounts for more than one myelin sheath at a time? - ANSWER
Oligodendrocytes
What cells and structures are affected in Multiple-Sclerosis? - ANSWER
Oligodendrocytes and therefore myelin sheaths in the CNS
What is the PNS equivalent to MS? Is it more or less dangerous than MS? - ANSWER
Guillian-Barré Syndrome
Less dangerous because Schwann cells can repair themselves
Will a neuron with a thicker diameter propagate an AP faster or slower? - ANSWER
Faster
