Erth 101 Test Guide With
Complete Solution
The elements of the periodic table were formed in - ANSWER the big bang
event, interiors of stars, and supernovas
earth's mantle is composed of - ANSWER almost entirely solid rock
main building blocks of earth's crust minerals - ANSWER silica tetrahedra
SiO4)4-
ocean crust is primarily composed of - ANSWER basalt
earth age - ANSWER 4.55 billion years
homo sapiens time on earth - ANSWER 160k yrs
how many stars in the milky way - ANSWER 300 billion
how many galaxies in the visible universe - ANSWER 100 billion
asteroid belt location - ANSWER Between Mars and Jupiter
oort cloud - ANSWER A spherical region of comets that surrounds the solar
system
big bang - ANSWER 13.8 billion years ago, produced mainly H, He, and Li
heavier elements of periodic table made from - ANSWER inside of stars
stars formed by - ANSWER gravitational collapse of interstellar gas and dust
heaviest elements made - ANSWER during supernovas
,crust mantle boundary type - ANSWER compositional
lithosphere asthenosphere boundary type - ANSWER rheological
mantle is - ANSWER solid, peridotite or ultramafic
outer core is - ANSWER liquid
inner core is - ANSWER solid
oceanic crust - ANSWER 5 km, high dens
continental crust - ANSWER 45 km, low dens
Isostasty - ANSWER The equilibrium between continental crust and the
denser mantle below it
asteroid - ANSWER any of numerous small celestial bodies composed of rock
and metal that move around the sun (mainly between the orbits of Mars and
Jupiter)
reasons for continental drift/wegener - ANSWER Fit of the continents
Evidence of past glaciations in rocks/landforms that are now at the equator,
suggesting these parts of continents were once near the south pole
Distribution of climatic belts is consistent with his continent reconstructions
Same fossilized species on different continents
Matching rock types/ages on continent margins
How is Earth's magnetic field generated? - ANSWER Produced by convection
of liquid iron in the outer core
The seafloor was mapped during and after WWII and revealed: - ANSWER
, Abyssal plains
Mid-ocean ridges
Seamounts and guyots
Trenches
Fracture zones
what does seafloor rock (basalt) reveal about earths magnetic field -
ANSWER polarity reversals are recorded in the rocks
where is new crust created - ANSWER mid ocean ridges
what happens to old crust - ANSWER destroyed/recycled at subduction zones
basalt - ANSWER A dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in
oceanic crust
peridotite - ANSWER Dense, dark igneous rock that makes up the mantle.
granite - ANSWER A usually light colored igneous rock that is found in
continental crust
nebular hypothesis of planet formation - ANSWER the earth and sun formed
from the same cloud of dust and gas
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are larger than the terrestrial planets
because - ANSWER They formed in cooler parts of the solar nebula where the
most abundant elements could condense
mineral - ANSWER a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal
structure and a definite chemical composition
crystal - ANSWER single piece of a crystalline solid typically bounded by flat
Complete Solution
The elements of the periodic table were formed in - ANSWER the big bang
event, interiors of stars, and supernovas
earth's mantle is composed of - ANSWER almost entirely solid rock
main building blocks of earth's crust minerals - ANSWER silica tetrahedra
SiO4)4-
ocean crust is primarily composed of - ANSWER basalt
earth age - ANSWER 4.55 billion years
homo sapiens time on earth - ANSWER 160k yrs
how many stars in the milky way - ANSWER 300 billion
how many galaxies in the visible universe - ANSWER 100 billion
asteroid belt location - ANSWER Between Mars and Jupiter
oort cloud - ANSWER A spherical region of comets that surrounds the solar
system
big bang - ANSWER 13.8 billion years ago, produced mainly H, He, and Li
heavier elements of periodic table made from - ANSWER inside of stars
stars formed by - ANSWER gravitational collapse of interstellar gas and dust
heaviest elements made - ANSWER during supernovas
,crust mantle boundary type - ANSWER compositional
lithosphere asthenosphere boundary type - ANSWER rheological
mantle is - ANSWER solid, peridotite or ultramafic
outer core is - ANSWER liquid
inner core is - ANSWER solid
oceanic crust - ANSWER 5 km, high dens
continental crust - ANSWER 45 km, low dens
Isostasty - ANSWER The equilibrium between continental crust and the
denser mantle below it
asteroid - ANSWER any of numerous small celestial bodies composed of rock
and metal that move around the sun (mainly between the orbits of Mars and
Jupiter)
reasons for continental drift/wegener - ANSWER Fit of the continents
Evidence of past glaciations in rocks/landforms that are now at the equator,
suggesting these parts of continents were once near the south pole
Distribution of climatic belts is consistent with his continent reconstructions
Same fossilized species on different continents
Matching rock types/ages on continent margins
How is Earth's magnetic field generated? - ANSWER Produced by convection
of liquid iron in the outer core
The seafloor was mapped during and after WWII and revealed: - ANSWER
, Abyssal plains
Mid-ocean ridges
Seamounts and guyots
Trenches
Fracture zones
what does seafloor rock (basalt) reveal about earths magnetic field -
ANSWER polarity reversals are recorded in the rocks
where is new crust created - ANSWER mid ocean ridges
what happens to old crust - ANSWER destroyed/recycled at subduction zones
basalt - ANSWER A dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in
oceanic crust
peridotite - ANSWER Dense, dark igneous rock that makes up the mantle.
granite - ANSWER A usually light colored igneous rock that is found in
continental crust
nebular hypothesis of planet formation - ANSWER the earth and sun formed
from the same cloud of dust and gas
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are larger than the terrestrial planets
because - ANSWER They formed in cooler parts of the solar nebula where the
most abundant elements could condense
mineral - ANSWER a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal
structure and a definite chemical composition
crystal - ANSWER single piece of a crystalline solid typically bounded by flat
