NUR218 EXAM 2, LECTURE 10
Intake nutrients --> tissue growth and energy production
What does nutrition do for the body?
minimum amount of energy intake required to maintain body functions at rest
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
building up; cell growth, mineralization of bone, development of muscle mass
What is ANABOLISM?
breaking down; results in release of energy, ex: glycolysis
What is CATABOLISM?
main nutrients needed for body function; carbs, fat, protein, water
What macronutrients does the body need?
Nutrients
What micronutrients does the body need?
1 calorie
What is the energy measure in kilocalories equivalent to calories?
45-65 %; 4 kcal/gram
CARBOHYDRATES-what % of total daily calories does a person need?
sugar-fructose, sucrose, lactose, glucose; provide quick energy
What are simple carbohydrates?
more complex-breaking down takes longer before use by cells; starches/fiber/glycogen;
ex: legumes, bread, rice, pasta, starchy veggies
What are complex carbohydrates?
,What are sources of them???
ketosis (use of fat for energy) and/or use of proteins for energy
Want to intake enough carbs to prevent.??
20-35 g/day
For carbohydrates, what is the recommended daily intake for FIBER??
reduces risks of constipation, hemorrhoids, and diverticular disease; sources = wheat,
whole grains, spinach
What is insoluble fiber?
slows digestion so you feel full longer along with heart healthy benefits lowers
cholesterol maintains blood sugars sources = oats, legumes, fruits, Metamucil What is
soluble fiber?
20-35%; 9kcal/gram
What is the RDA for FAT in calories/day?
energy production insulation of organs/nerve fibers vitamin absorption transportation of
fat-soluble vitamins
What are the functions of fat?
want to limit intake sources = red meat fried foods
What are saturated fats and trans fats?
healthy fats; sources = olive oil, avocados
What are monosaturated fats?
, omega 3 and omega 6, body does not synthesize these; help with normal brain/nervous
functioning, blood clotting; omega 3s reduce risk of heart disease and are good for
brain development in kids
What type of fatty acids should be taken in through the diet?
Why?
15-20%; 4kcal/gram
What is the daily caloric intake recommendation for PROTEIN?
active role in maintenance/repair of body's tissues/organs/cells; hemoglobin,
prothrombin, amino acids
What does protein do for the body?
What are components of protein?
protein in RBCs that transports O2 to cells
With protein, what is hemoglobin?
clotting protein
With protein, what is prothrombin?
building blocks of proteins; must be consumed as body does not store or make these
With protein, what are amino acids?
contains all essential amino acids; ex: milk, cheese, eggs, fish, meat, soybeans
Intake nutrients --> tissue growth and energy production
What does nutrition do for the body?
minimum amount of energy intake required to maintain body functions at rest
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
building up; cell growth, mineralization of bone, development of muscle mass
What is ANABOLISM?
breaking down; results in release of energy, ex: glycolysis
What is CATABOLISM?
main nutrients needed for body function; carbs, fat, protein, water
What macronutrients does the body need?
Nutrients
What micronutrients does the body need?
1 calorie
What is the energy measure in kilocalories equivalent to calories?
45-65 %; 4 kcal/gram
CARBOHYDRATES-what % of total daily calories does a person need?
sugar-fructose, sucrose, lactose, glucose; provide quick energy
What are simple carbohydrates?
more complex-breaking down takes longer before use by cells; starches/fiber/glycogen;
ex: legumes, bread, rice, pasta, starchy veggies
What are complex carbohydrates?
,What are sources of them???
ketosis (use of fat for energy) and/or use of proteins for energy
Want to intake enough carbs to prevent.??
20-35 g/day
For carbohydrates, what is the recommended daily intake for FIBER??
reduces risks of constipation, hemorrhoids, and diverticular disease; sources = wheat,
whole grains, spinach
What is insoluble fiber?
slows digestion so you feel full longer along with heart healthy benefits lowers
cholesterol maintains blood sugars sources = oats, legumes, fruits, Metamucil What is
soluble fiber?
20-35%; 9kcal/gram
What is the RDA for FAT in calories/day?
energy production insulation of organs/nerve fibers vitamin absorption transportation of
fat-soluble vitamins
What are the functions of fat?
want to limit intake sources = red meat fried foods
What are saturated fats and trans fats?
healthy fats; sources = olive oil, avocados
What are monosaturated fats?
, omega 3 and omega 6, body does not synthesize these; help with normal brain/nervous
functioning, blood clotting; omega 3s reduce risk of heart disease and are good for
brain development in kids
What type of fatty acids should be taken in through the diet?
Why?
15-20%; 4kcal/gram
What is the daily caloric intake recommendation for PROTEIN?
active role in maintenance/repair of body's tissues/organs/cells; hemoglobin,
prothrombin, amino acids
What does protein do for the body?
What are components of protein?
protein in RBCs that transports O2 to cells
With protein, what is hemoglobin?
clotting protein
With protein, what is prothrombin?
building blocks of proteins; must be consumed as body does not store or make these
With protein, what are amino acids?
contains all essential amino acids; ex: milk, cheese, eggs, fish, meat, soybeans
