AEMTNREMTStudyGuide
Compression/Ventilationratioforonerescuer?Two?-CorrectAnswer-1rescuer=
30:2
2rescuers=30:2
Pediatric2rescueris15:2butotherwisestaysthesame
WhatisthepropercompressionrateinCPR?-CorrectAnswer-100-120perminute
Compressionratefor:Adults
Children?
Infants:-CorrectAnswer-Adults:2inches
Children:1/3depthofchestor2in
Infants:1.5inches
Whatare2rhythmsareconsidered"shockable"rhythms?-CorrectAnswer-
VentricularFibrilation
PulselessVentricularTachycardia
Usethefollowingtermstodescribetheflowofbloodthroughoutthebody:
Atrium,Ventricle,arteries,veins,aorta,pulmonaryartery,pulmonaryvein,capillaries,
venacava,arterioles.-CorrectAnswer-1.Deoxygenatedbloodtravelsthroughthe
superiorandinferiorvenacavatotherightatrium
2.Thebloodispumpedbytherightventricletothepulmonaryarterytothelungs.
Thisiswherethebloodisoxygenatedbeforebeingsentbackthroughpulmonary
veinstotheleftatrium.
3.Bloodflowsintotheleftventricle,whichisresponsibleforpumpingbloodintothe
aortaandoutthrougharteriestothebody.
4.Arteriesbranchoffintoarterioles,thentocapillaries,whichiswherenutrient
exchangeoccurswithcells.
5.Last,bloodflowsbackintotheveins,intothesuperiorandinferiorvenacava
beforereturningtotheheart. Whataretwoimportantrolesofredbloodcells?-CorrectAnswer-Transportoxygen
tothecells
Transportcarbondioxidetothelungs
7signsofcardiaccomporomise-CorrectAnswer-1.abnormalbloodpressure
2.pain,pressure,ordiscomfortinthechestorabdomen
3.shortnessofbreath
4.palpitations
5.anxietyorirritability
6.abnormalpulse
7.Suddenonsetofnauseaorvomiting
Youauscultateyourpatient'slungsandfindcrackleswithdifficultybreathing.Which
sideoftheheartisaffectedandwhy?-CorrectAnswer-Shortnessofbreathwith
cracklesinthelungsisindicativeofleft-sidedheartfailure.Failureoftheleft
ventricletopumpbloodeffectivelycausesbloodtobebackeduptointothelungs
(congested)
Right-sidedheartfailurecausesbloodtobackupintobody,causingpittingedema
throughoutthebody.What'sthecauseandnameofthiscondition?-CorrectAnswer-
CorPulmonale.Theusualcauseispulmonarydisease,suchaspulmonary
hypertensionorpulmonarystenosis(obstructionintheP.A)
Preload-CorrectAnswer-Preload,alsoknownastheleftventricularend-diastolic
pressure(LVEDP),istheamountofventricularstretchattheendofdiastole.Thinkof
itastheheartloadingupforthenextbigsqueezeoftheventriclesduringsystole.
Somepeoplerememberthisbyusingananalogyofaballoon-blowairintothe
balloonanditstretches;themoreairyoublowin,thegreaterthestretch
Afterload-CorrectAnswer-Afterload,alsoknownasthesystemicvascularresistance
(SVR),istheamountofresistancetheheartmustovercometoopentheaorticvalve
andpushthebloodvolumeoutintothesystemiccirculation.Ifyouthinkaboutthe
balloonanalogy,afterloadisrepresentedbytheknotattheendoftheballoon.Toget
theairout,theballoonmustworkagainstthatknot.
Compression/Ventilationratioforonerescuer?Two?-CorrectAnswer-1rescuer=
30:2
2rescuers=30:2
Pediatric2rescueris15:2butotherwisestaysthesame
WhatisthepropercompressionrateinCPR?-CorrectAnswer-100-120perminute
Compressionratefor:Adults
Children?
Infants:-CorrectAnswer-Adults:2inches
Children:1/3depthofchestor2in
Infants:1.5inches
Whatare2rhythmsareconsidered"shockable"rhythms?-CorrectAnswer-
VentricularFibrilation
PulselessVentricularTachycardia
Usethefollowingtermstodescribetheflowofbloodthroughoutthebody:
Atrium,Ventricle,arteries,veins,aorta,pulmonaryartery,pulmonaryvein,capillaries,
venacava,arterioles.-CorrectAnswer-1.Deoxygenatedbloodtravelsthroughthe
superiorandinferiorvenacavatotherightatrium
2.Thebloodispumpedbytherightventricletothepulmonaryarterytothelungs.
Thisiswherethebloodisoxygenatedbeforebeingsentbackthroughpulmonary
veinstotheleftatrium.
3.Bloodflowsintotheleftventricle,whichisresponsibleforpumpingbloodintothe
aortaandoutthrougharteriestothebody.
4.Arteriesbranchoffintoarterioles,thentocapillaries,whichiswherenutrient
exchangeoccurswithcells.
5.Last,bloodflowsbackintotheveins,intothesuperiorandinferiorvenacava
beforereturningtotheheart. Whataretwoimportantrolesofredbloodcells?-CorrectAnswer-Transportoxygen
tothecells
Transportcarbondioxidetothelungs
7signsofcardiaccomporomise-CorrectAnswer-1.abnormalbloodpressure
2.pain,pressure,ordiscomfortinthechestorabdomen
3.shortnessofbreath
4.palpitations
5.anxietyorirritability
6.abnormalpulse
7.Suddenonsetofnauseaorvomiting
Youauscultateyourpatient'slungsandfindcrackleswithdifficultybreathing.Which
sideoftheheartisaffectedandwhy?-CorrectAnswer-Shortnessofbreathwith
cracklesinthelungsisindicativeofleft-sidedheartfailure.Failureoftheleft
ventricletopumpbloodeffectivelycausesbloodtobebackeduptointothelungs
(congested)
Right-sidedheartfailurecausesbloodtobackupintobody,causingpittingedema
throughoutthebody.What'sthecauseandnameofthiscondition?-CorrectAnswer-
CorPulmonale.Theusualcauseispulmonarydisease,suchaspulmonary
hypertensionorpulmonarystenosis(obstructionintheP.A)
Preload-CorrectAnswer-Preload,alsoknownastheleftventricularend-diastolic
pressure(LVEDP),istheamountofventricularstretchattheendofdiastole.Thinkof
itastheheartloadingupforthenextbigsqueezeoftheventriclesduringsystole.
Somepeoplerememberthisbyusingananalogyofaballoon-blowairintothe
balloonanditstretches;themoreairyoublowin,thegreaterthestretch
Afterload-CorrectAnswer-Afterload,alsoknownasthesystemicvascularresistance
(SVR),istheamountofresistancetheheartmustovercometoopentheaorticvalve
andpushthebloodvolumeoutintothesystemiccirculation.Ifyouthinkaboutthe
balloonanalogy,afterloadisrepresentedbytheknotattheendoftheballoon.Toget
theairout,theballoonmustworkagainstthatknot.
