Summary Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Similarities and Differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells




Similarities Differences

- Plasma Membrane - Much smaller
- Cytoplasm - Have a much less-developed
- Ribosomes for assembling amino cytoskeleton with no centrioles
acids into proteins - No nucleus
- DNA and RNA - Do not have membrane-bound
organelles
- Have cell walls made of
peptidoglycan, not cellulose
- Smaller ribosomes
- Have DNA free in the cytoplasm as
a large loop, not wound around
histone proteins.

Some Prokaryotic Cells also have:
- A protective waxy capsule surrounding their cell wall
- Small loops of DNA, known as plasmids
- Flagella, which are long whip-like projections enabling the cells to move.
- Pili are small hair-like projections enabling the bacteria to adhere to each other,
and transfer plasmid DNA.




Prokaryotic Cells divide by binary fission and not mitosis as
they do not have linear chromosomes. However, before the
cell divides it creates a copy of the DNA, so each cell
receives the large loop of DNA and any smaller plasmids.

They do not have any membrane-bound organelles but do
however have organelles without membranes such as
ribosomes.