Aantekeningen Introduction to business research week
1
- Materials van tevoren lezen, het is als voorbereiding
- Het paper is gelinkt aan de hoofdstukken dus lees de hoofdstukken eerst.
- Answers on the exam questions will get posted later in the week
- The exam exists of 40 multiple choice questions, a lot of the important information will be
discussed in the lessons. There are 3 essay questions and they resemble the exam questions
in the courses.
- The paper will be discussed during the meeting but the chapters won’t. If you have unclear
parts u can ask questions through mail. There is a small summary about the important
information. Focus on the important things in the slides because that’s where the exam
focusses on.
- Research is defined as Systemic investigation,
- John List is a true experimenter, he uses control- and experimentel groups/goods.
- Important aspects of research methods are having a control group and experimental group +
having a random sample group, which hopefully represent the population.
- In human researches when you go improve or go further with a research, you should use the
exact same way of researching.
- According to List the ‘’worst’’ option is more interesting because the gain is worth more than
the selfishness, This is called the Moral cost function. At what price do you set aside your
morals.
- If you look at group 4 the control group is group 3. This is the case because there is only one
difference between the groups.
- Two types of research: Positivism (best way to acquire knowledge is to conduct true
experiments) and interpretivism. More on this in week 3.
- Ontology is de nature of reality and Epistemology is how to acquire knowledge.
- Deductive research starts of with a theory and tries to improve or debunk this theory (top
down). Often linked with quantitative research.
- research which starts with nothing and making a theory is Inductive (bottom up), more often
linked with qualitative research.
, - Cause and effect is checked on three points:
- Temporal Precedence - Is the outcome really a result of the question or is it the other way
around?
- Covariation of the cause and effect – Is there really a causal effect?
- No plausible alternative explanations
- Internal validity can be saved through various means which are in the book. We will do this
in week x.
- External validity can be influenced by age, culture and economical status among others.
- Constuct validity is about the theoretical construct. Does your experiment really give an
answer on your theoretical questions?
Aantekeningen Introduction to business research week
2
- Anchoring effect – is making up a right answer for yourself because there is a value provided.
That won’t necessarily have something to do with the question. A high anchor would have
the group give a higher answer and a low anchor will provide a lower answer.
- Qualtrics can conduct questionnaires and randomize the question.
- Positive relationship is if the two variables follow the same route e.g. both go up or both go
down.
- The alternative hypothesis and the null hypothesis needs to be mutually exclusive. If the H1
is there is a positive relationship the H0 needs to include no relationship and the negative
one.
- In the deductive study you go from Theory > Hypothesis > Observations > confirmation (or
not). This type of research is easier and more time friendly. Most of the time this is
quantitative.
- In the inductive study you start with Observations > Search for patterns > Try to make a
Theory. Most of the time these are qualitative.
- Independent variable is the cause or treatment, this influences the dependent variable.
Main effect is the significant way the independent variable influences the dependent
variable. You also have the interaction effect, this means that a combination of two
independent variables come together in an outcome. So two independent variables have an
effect on the dependent variable at the same time.
- Types of Validity / Validity staircase:
A- Conclusion (Is there a relationship?)
1
- Materials van tevoren lezen, het is als voorbereiding
- Het paper is gelinkt aan de hoofdstukken dus lees de hoofdstukken eerst.
- Answers on the exam questions will get posted later in the week
- The exam exists of 40 multiple choice questions, a lot of the important information will be
discussed in the lessons. There are 3 essay questions and they resemble the exam questions
in the courses.
- The paper will be discussed during the meeting but the chapters won’t. If you have unclear
parts u can ask questions through mail. There is a small summary about the important
information. Focus on the important things in the slides because that’s where the exam
focusses on.
- Research is defined as Systemic investigation,
- John List is a true experimenter, he uses control- and experimentel groups/goods.
- Important aspects of research methods are having a control group and experimental group +
having a random sample group, which hopefully represent the population.
- In human researches when you go improve or go further with a research, you should use the
exact same way of researching.
- According to List the ‘’worst’’ option is more interesting because the gain is worth more than
the selfishness, This is called the Moral cost function. At what price do you set aside your
morals.
- If you look at group 4 the control group is group 3. This is the case because there is only one
difference between the groups.
- Two types of research: Positivism (best way to acquire knowledge is to conduct true
experiments) and interpretivism. More on this in week 3.
- Ontology is de nature of reality and Epistemology is how to acquire knowledge.
- Deductive research starts of with a theory and tries to improve or debunk this theory (top
down). Often linked with quantitative research.
- research which starts with nothing and making a theory is Inductive (bottom up), more often
linked with qualitative research.
, - Cause and effect is checked on three points:
- Temporal Precedence - Is the outcome really a result of the question or is it the other way
around?
- Covariation of the cause and effect – Is there really a causal effect?
- No plausible alternative explanations
- Internal validity can be saved through various means which are in the book. We will do this
in week x.
- External validity can be influenced by age, culture and economical status among others.
- Constuct validity is about the theoretical construct. Does your experiment really give an
answer on your theoretical questions?
Aantekeningen Introduction to business research week
2
- Anchoring effect – is making up a right answer for yourself because there is a value provided.
That won’t necessarily have something to do with the question. A high anchor would have
the group give a higher answer and a low anchor will provide a lower answer.
- Qualtrics can conduct questionnaires and randomize the question.
- Positive relationship is if the two variables follow the same route e.g. both go up or both go
down.
- The alternative hypothesis and the null hypothesis needs to be mutually exclusive. If the H1
is there is a positive relationship the H0 needs to include no relationship and the negative
one.
- In the deductive study you go from Theory > Hypothesis > Observations > confirmation (or
not). This type of research is easier and more time friendly. Most of the time this is
quantitative.
- In the inductive study you start with Observations > Search for patterns > Try to make a
Theory. Most of the time these are qualitative.
- Independent variable is the cause or treatment, this influences the dependent variable.
Main effect is the significant way the independent variable influences the dependent
variable. You also have the interaction effect, this means that a combination of two
independent variables come together in an outcome. So two independent variables have an
effect on the dependent variable at the same time.
- Types of Validity / Validity staircase:
A- Conclusion (Is there a relationship?)
