Business Information
Systems
HOC 1 – Goal and basic concepts
Hardware
Input --> Computer --> Output !!Output is always necessary!!
Software
= sequence of orders formulated by programs
Less complex / easier to find errors
Reuse / collaboration is easy
Splitting into sub-problems
!Software can also be data!
Database
= organized collection of data stored in a computer & relational database
Network
= multiple computers to communicate and exchange data.
Examples: PAN – LAN – WAN – MAN
Protocols: TCP (transmission control protocol) and IP (internet protocol)
Servers
= computers only used for calculations and storage no screen, no keyboard
Examples: mail server, web server
Internet
Highest penetration rate -+83%
Computer architecture
= fundamental organization of the computer system
Phase 1: mainframe
Phase 2: PC & client server
Phase 3: Browser/cloud
Processes
= a business process is a sequence of steps / actions with the aim of generating a product or
a service.
Started in the 90’s need for operation between various actors/departments within an
organization
Information system
= the combination of IT hardware, software, processes and people who use it
, Business Information
Systems
HOC 2 – Algorithms
Steps in programming
1. Problem Definition
The problem needs to be fully and accurately defined.
2. Solution Strategy
Choice of a solution method and the data representation:
- Trying to divide the problem into smaller sub-problems
- Agreeing what will happen in each sub-problem
3. Representation of the algorithm
Flow chart, Nassi-Schneidermann diagram, Pseudo code
4. Programming
Translate algorithm into the selected programming language.
5. Compiling
- to detect eventual syntax errors
- translation into machine language (binary 1/0)
- compiler versus interpreter
6. Testing
-results must be logically correct
-compare with results obtained in a different way
-test all different cases
7. Documenting
All information that will help third parties understand, modify, help, improve or complete
the program.
8. Maintenance
-after a while your program will need an update.
-report your updates in your documentation
!!! Corrective, perfective adaptive and
Definition of algorithm:
- a sequence of actions / commands / rules
- starting from a given initial situation
- leading to a certain goal & within a finite time
Algorithms are used in: text processing, the functioning of computer, cryptography, …
, Business Information
Systems
Algorithm representations
1. Flow chart
- scheme with basic figures
- instructions are mentioned in the figures
- figures are connected by lines or arrows
2. Nassi-Schneidermann diagram
3. Pseudo code
, Business Information
Systems
Selection
1. If then
2. If then else
3. Case
Systems
HOC 1 – Goal and basic concepts
Hardware
Input --> Computer --> Output !!Output is always necessary!!
Software
= sequence of orders formulated by programs
Less complex / easier to find errors
Reuse / collaboration is easy
Splitting into sub-problems
!Software can also be data!
Database
= organized collection of data stored in a computer & relational database
Network
= multiple computers to communicate and exchange data.
Examples: PAN – LAN – WAN – MAN
Protocols: TCP (transmission control protocol) and IP (internet protocol)
Servers
= computers only used for calculations and storage no screen, no keyboard
Examples: mail server, web server
Internet
Highest penetration rate -+83%
Computer architecture
= fundamental organization of the computer system
Phase 1: mainframe
Phase 2: PC & client server
Phase 3: Browser/cloud
Processes
= a business process is a sequence of steps / actions with the aim of generating a product or
a service.
Started in the 90’s need for operation between various actors/departments within an
organization
Information system
= the combination of IT hardware, software, processes and people who use it
, Business Information
Systems
HOC 2 – Algorithms
Steps in programming
1. Problem Definition
The problem needs to be fully and accurately defined.
2. Solution Strategy
Choice of a solution method and the data representation:
- Trying to divide the problem into smaller sub-problems
- Agreeing what will happen in each sub-problem
3. Representation of the algorithm
Flow chart, Nassi-Schneidermann diagram, Pseudo code
4. Programming
Translate algorithm into the selected programming language.
5. Compiling
- to detect eventual syntax errors
- translation into machine language (binary 1/0)
- compiler versus interpreter
6. Testing
-results must be logically correct
-compare with results obtained in a different way
-test all different cases
7. Documenting
All information that will help third parties understand, modify, help, improve or complete
the program.
8. Maintenance
-after a while your program will need an update.
-report your updates in your documentation
!!! Corrective, perfective adaptive and
Definition of algorithm:
- a sequence of actions / commands / rules
- starting from a given initial situation
- leading to a certain goal & within a finite time
Algorithms are used in: text processing, the functioning of computer, cryptography, …
, Business Information
Systems
Algorithm representations
1. Flow chart
- scheme with basic figures
- instructions are mentioned in the figures
- figures are connected by lines or arrows
2. Nassi-Schneidermann diagram
3. Pseudo code
, Business Information
Systems
Selection
1. If then
2. If then else
3. Case
