PNlll Exam 3 Study Guide.

PNlll Exam 3 Study Guide Shock: widespread response in the body when gas exchange with oxygenation and tissue perfusion is not met. Sepsis: Widespread infection that triggers whole-body inflammation Septic Shock: a distributive shock caused by infectious microorganisms that are present in the blood begins as bacterial/fungal infections and progresses throughout the body Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS): Inflammatory state that affects the entire body, it is a reaction from an infectious or noninfectious agent in the body. S/S: temperature of more than 101 or less than 96.8, heart rate greater than 90, respiratory rate above 20, abnormal WBC, oliguria, absent bowel sounds, platelet count below 100,000, elevated lactic acid levels, decreased capillary refill, mottling, hyperglycemia, AMS, significant edema Interventions: Identify the infection and what caused it, CHECK SERUM LACTATE LEVELS (LACTIC ACID LEVELS), CBC, oxygen, IV antibiotics, analgesics for pain, insulin for hyperglycemia, meds to enhance cardiac output (vasopressors), anticoagulants, IV hydrocortisone/fludrocortisone for adrenal insufficiency, and blood replacement. Cardiogenic Shock: Caused by direct pump failure; myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, ventricular dysrhythmias, cardiac amyloidosis, cardiomyopathies, myocardial degeneration. (Heart muscle is unhealthy and pumping is impaired) S/S: tachycardia, hypotension, systolic BP less than 90mm Hg or 30 mm HG less than baseline, oliguria, cold, clammy skin, poor peripheral pulses, agitation, restlessness/confusion, tachypnea, chest discomfort