Neemagee

Weeks v. US (1914) - Established the Exclusionary Rule: The understanding that incriminating information must be seized according to constitutional specifications of due process, or it will not be allowed as evidence in a criminal trial Silverthorne Lumber Co v. US - Established Fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine: A legal principle that excludes from introduction at trial any evidence later developed as a result of an illegal seizure Mapp v. Ohio - Applied the Weeks ruling to the states ...

What is sentencing? - The imposition of a criminal sanction by a judicial authority Retribution - the act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator, eye for an eye Just deserts - Criminal offenders deserve the punishment they receive at the hands of the law and that the punishment should be appropriate to the type and severity of the crime committed Incapacitation - The use of imprisonment or other means to reduce the likelihood that an offender will commit future offenses. Protect us...

When were police departments first established? - Colonial America had county sheriffs were the most important law enforcement agent, they didn't seek out/ patrol for crim. -The first established police department was created in Boston, 1838 What prompted the formation of police departments in the United States? - Mob violence in the nineteenth century. What was established in the 1970s to help bring funding and training to local law enforcement? -The Law Enforcement assistant agency (...

Theory - Set of ideas to explain a phenomenon or concept Causation - Direct influence or responsibility for criminal behavior Correlation - Two variables linked to each other Criminal Justice System - Police, courts, and corrections Courts - Determines whether an offender should be charged Wedding Cake Model - Different treatment of cases in the criminal justice system Misdemeanors - Most common type of cases in the criminal justice system Violent Offense - Criminal action a...

Social relativity - The only thing that matters to human well-being is how one stands relatively to others Discretion - Judgement between right and wrong NCVS (National Crime Victimization Survey) - largest victimization survey in the world, conducted by Justice Department and Census Bureau (conducted with over 100,000 people each year) The individual as a unit of analysis (psych theories) - Person, collective or object that is the target of the investigation NIBRS - National Inciden...

What is an example of informal sanctions that are good - Being rewarded by a teacher What is a type of social control - Sanctions What is criminal behaviour - A term used to describe behaviour that is deviant and rule breaking and often involves causing harm to others in society What are the 2 definitions of crime? - Legal - Social What are values - The shared principles accepted by society. What are norms - The specific rules of expectations of society about what is or isn't ac...

The generalized opalescence of the buccal mucosa is most likely: A. Linea Alba B. Leukoedema C. Lichen planus D. Leukoplakia E. White sponge nevus Answer- B The generalized opalescent condition in question 1 is caused by significant intercellular edema in which layer of the stratified squamous epithelium? A. Corneum B. Basal C. Spinosum D. Granular E. Basement membrane Answer - C What treatment does this condition require? A. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs...

Which choice represents a characteristic of malignant tumors? a. Encapsulated b. Ability to spread to distant sites c. Benign d. Cells resemble normal cells Answer- d Anaplastic means the tumor a. is composed of cells that vary in size and shape. b. has cells with darker nuclei than those of normal cells. c. has cells that exhibit an increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio. d. does not resemble the tissue from which it was derived. Answer- a A benign tumor of bone is called a (n) a....

Which statement is correct concerning chromosomes? a. Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of the cell. b. Mature germ cells (ova and spermatozoa) contain 46 chromosomes. c. Chromosomes can only be seen clearly under a microscope when the nucleus and cell are dividing. d. Chromosomes contain RNA, which directs the production of amino acids, polypeptides, and proteins by the cell. Answer- b The gap 2 (G2) phase of mitosis a. begins when mitotic division ends. b. ends when mitotic divisi...

The nurse is completing the admission assessment of a 3-year old who is admitted with bacterial meningitis and hydrocephalus. Which assessment finding is evidence that the child is experiencing increased intracranial pressure (ICP)? A. Tachycardia and tachypnea B. Sluggish and unequal pupillary responses C. Increased head circumference and bulging fontanels D. Blood pressure fluctuations and syncope Answer- B. Sluggish and unequal pupillary responses A client with acute pancreatitis is ...

1. In planning care for a 6 month-old infant, what must the nurse provide to assist in the development of trust? - C) Security 2. A nurse has just received a medication order which is not legible. Which statement best reflects assertive communication? -B) "Would you please clarify what you have written so I am sure I am reading it correctly?" 3. What is the most important consideration when teaching parents how to reduce risks in the home -D) Age of children in the home. 4. A 35 year-...

1. A male client with stomach cancer returns to the unit following a total gastrectomy. He has a nasogastric tube to suction and is receiving Lactated Ringer's solution at 75 mL/hour IV. One hour after admission to the unit, the nurse notes 300 mL of blood in the suction canister, the client's heart rate is 155 beats/minute, and his blood pressure is 78/48 mmHg. In addition to reporting the finding to the surgeon. Which action should the nurse implement first? - Increase the infusion rate of...

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAMS FROM EXAM 1 TO EXAM 5. QUESTIONS WITH WELL WRITTEN ANSWERS.

What is polyuria? Excessive urination What is proteinuria? Protein in the urine; indication of kidney disease What is hematuria? Whole red blood cells in urine due to kidney or tissue damage What is bacteriuria? Bacteria present in the urine What is GFR (glomerular filtration rate)? Amount of filtrate formed in all the renal corpuscles of both kidneys each minute How do you calculate GFR? Q= (PA-PE)/ R Q= flow PA= pressure in afferent arteriole PE= pressure in e...

What is cholelithiasis? - Cholesterol gallstone formation What are risk factors for getting gallstones - -TPN: total parenteral nutrition -Obesity -Rapid weight loss -High spinal cord injuries -pregnant women S/S of cholelithiasis - -biliary colic- persistent epigastric or RUQ pain -they are related to diet: fatty food S/S of cholecystitis - -severe RUQ pain/ epigastric pain -pain can radiate to right shoulder or back -fever -n/v -jaundice and pruritus What changes are ha...

ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) - Systemic inflammatory response: edema in interstitial tissues not in airway! Damage to alveolar and capillary membrane Large molecules leak into alveoli Damage type 2 alveoli = no surfactant Alveolar collapse can't participate in gas exchange Type 1 pneumocytes - gas exchange Type 2 pneumocytes - produce surfactant Pulmonary embolism - DVT breaks off and occludes pulmonary circulation Virchow's triad - Stasis, hypercoagula...

Atherosclerosis overview Path: -Progressive disease - formation of fibro fatty plaques in intima of arteries --Fibrous plaque form over fatty deposit - hypercholesterolemia and inflammation Impairs blood flow relating to atherosclerosis -Effects on body depends on structures involved and extent of altered flow -Ischemia- reduction in arterial flow to a level that is insufficient to meet o2 demands - Infraction- area of ischemic necrosis in an organ produced by occlusion art...

Define atrophy and give an example A decrease in cell size. Essentially, if you do not use it, you lose it. An example/cause would be disuse diminished work load, inadequate nutrition, aging, etc. Define hypertrophy and give an example An increase in cell size. For example, the heart goes through hypertrophy to deal with high blood pressure. Another example would be ventricular hypertrophy. Define hyperplasia and give an example. An increase in the NUMBER of cells. Examples- Keloid ...

ATI RN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL PRACTICE- PROCTORED EXAM WITH NGN 2019-2023

Compartment syndrome - Pain that increases with passive movement in a client with a short leg cast Lyme disease - Joints ache as a manifestation of severe stage II Lyme disease Phenytoin - Oral solution 125 mg/5 mL, nurse should administer 24 mL for 600 mg Arterial line - Flush line before administering antibiotics Chemotherapy - Report of sore throat is the priority finding for a client receiving chemotherapy Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) - Facial butterfly rash is an expec...