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Examen
Philosophy Exam 3 | Latest 2026/2027 Edition | Verified Answers | Exam Questions, Key Concepts & Study Guide
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Examen
Phil 101 ccbc questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPhil 101 ccbc questions and answers Graded 
A+ 
Realism -Moral truth, not man made 
Anti realism -More truths that are man made. Can be social or cultural 
Universalism -Standards of morality are unchanging 
Relativism -Standards of morality changes and depends on time, place, 
social and historical enviroment 
Deontological -Right is right. Wrong is wrong 
Teleological -The rightness and wrongness depends on the outcome.
Examen
phil 101 chapter 4 midterm questions and answers Graded A+
Nuevophil 101 chapter 4 midterm questions and 
answers Graded A+ 
From a determinist perspective, human action is understood as the expression of 
________. -causal determinants such as a universal human nature 
Which of the following actions would most compatibilists describe as "free"? 
A. Listening to a favorite song 
B. Paying the electricity bill 
C. Lying to avoid punishment 
D. Running from a burning building -A. Listening to a favorite song
Examen
Phil 101 Exam 1 questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPhil 101 Exam 1 questions and answers 
Graded A+ 
What is an argument? -A set of statements that are meant to support a 
conclusion. 
What is a premise? -A supporting piece of evidence. 
What is a conclusion? -The point being made in an argument. 
What makes an argument good? -The premises must be true and relevant 
to the conclusion. 
What is a deductive argument? -An argument that strives to make it 
certain that a conclusion is true.
Examen
PHIL 101 Exam 1 (JMU Yates) questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPHIL 101 Exam 1 (JMU Yates) questions and 
answers Graded A+ 
What motivates philosophy? -The search for the meaning of life, wonder, 
awe, curiosity, is there a god?, mortality/moral values, finding absolute truths, 
objective vs subjective, relationship between mind and body, fundamental beliefs 
Philosophia (meaning and root language) -The love of wisdom, from the 
Greek 
"To live the examined life" -Socrates 
What is Luc Ferry's main 'quest'? -The quest for salvation 
What are...
Examen
Phil 101 exam 1questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPhil 101 exam 1questions and answers Graded 
A+ 
philsophy 
the study of how mind is related to body and how psychology is related to physics 
epistemology 
whether and how can we acquire or be justified in believing anything? also, 
investigates the nature of the sources of knowledge 
metaphysics 
theory of existence, whether god exists, whether we are free, how our minds and 
bodies are related, what is reality and so on 
ethics or moral philosophy 
which acts are morally right or wrong, which...
Examen
Phil 101 Exam 1questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPhil 101 Exam 1questions and answers Graded 
A+ 
Metaphysics -What Exists?, for example, Does God exist? Are numbers 
real?; In this course, metaphysics matters because it is one of the three main 
areas of philosophy 
Epistemology -What do we know?, for example, Are colors/smells real?; In 
this course, epistemology matters because it is one of the three main areas of 
philosophy 
Value Theory -What should we do? for example, What is good or bad? 
What is right or wrong?; In this course, value ...
Examen
PHIL 101 EXAM ONE questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPHIL 101 EXAM ONE questions and answers 
Graded A+ 
Induction 
reasoning from specific to general; pushing out properties with no explanation 
ex. Every cat you observed meowed; therefore, all cats meow. 
Abduction 
inference to the best explanation 
ex concluded it rained because the grass is wet 
deduction 
reasoning from general to specific; guarantees certainty 
ex. all men are mortal, Socrates is a man, Socrates is mortal 
What is the difference between Induction and Abduction? 
Induction l...
Examen
PHIL 101 FINAL EXAM UNLV RAMSEY questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPHIL 101 FINAL EXAM UNLV RAMSEY 
questions and answers Graded A+ 
compatibilism -(soft determinism) rethinking freedom, believes we're 
100% determined + free - ability to do what you want 
twin earth criticism -twin can do things other than what you want to do. 
earth has true freedom 
manipulative brain-washer -manipulative neuroscientist gives you the 
desire to cheat on an exam - if you cheat on the exam, you might be acting 
according to your desire but you would not be free since you ha...
Examen
PHIL 101 Final questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPHIL 101 Final questions and answers Graded 
A+ 
Which of the following ethical theories stresses the importance of the 
consequences of our actions? 
Utilitarianism 
Which of the following ethical theories would be most likely to urge that murder 
is wrong in ALL cases? 
Divine Command Theory 
Which of the following theories asserts that because societies have different 
beliefs concerning what is right and wrong, there are no universal truths in ethics? 
Cultural Relativism 
Which ethical theo...
Examen
PHIL 101 Final questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPHIL 101 Final questions and answers Graded 
A+ 
midterm 1 - 
logic -the organized body of knowledge, or science, that evaluates 
arguments 
argument -a group of statements, one or more which (the premises) claim 
to support another (the conclusion) 
premise -sets forth the reasons or evidence 
indicators: since, because, may be inferred from, given that, etc 
conclusion -the statement the evidence is claimed to support 
indicators: therefore, consequently, so, for this reason, it follows that, ...
Examen
Phil 101 first questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPhil 101 first questions and answers Graded 
A+ 
"What is true can never be refuted" 
Socrates quote 
What is philosophy? 
Moral philosphy = ethics; and moral philosophy is the art of reason (includes 
analysis and argument) 
What is ethics? 
Philosophical attempt to achieve by the way of reason - what morality is and 
requires of us - how we ought to live and why 
What are the 2 kinds of ethics? 
Descriptive and normative 
Descriptive ethics: 
Socio-historical account of what people think...
Examen
PHIL 101 Key Concepts Arguments, Ethics, and Philosophy of Humor questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPHIL 101 Key Concepts Arguments, Ethics, and 
Philosophy of Humor questions and answers 
Graded A+ 
What is an argument? -A set of premises intended to support a conclusion. 
What is a premise? -A reason or claim offered in support of a conclusion. 
What is a conclusion? -The claim an argument is trying to prove. 
What is the Socratic Method? -Asking questions to expose contradictions 
and test beliefs. 
What is Divine Command Theory? -The view that moral rightness depends 
on God's commands
Examen
Phil 101 Midterm Exam questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPhil 101 Midterm Exam questions and answers 
Graded A+ 
What are the four ways to define philosophy? 
1. Focus on what it is trying to accomplish 
2. Focus on its divisions; the whole is the some of the parts 
3. Focus on its methods/tools 
4. Focus on what it does for us 
(a way of thinking) 
Goals of Philosophy 
1. Love of Wisdom (understanding of reality as it relates to living a good life good 
judgments about situations experienced, not age or knowledge, but personal 
virtue). 
2. Search fo...
Examen
phil 101 midterm exam questions and answers Graded A+
Nuevophil 101 midterm exam questions and answers 
Graded A+ 
you got this -Yes, I do. 
you will do amazing on this exam -yes i will bc i am a determined bad 
bitchhhhh 
What is Plato's account of Socrates' trial and defense? -The Apology 
What is Socratic wisdom? -Knowing that you do not know; recognizing the 
limits of knowledge. 
What does Socrates mean by the gadfly metaphor? -He sees himself as 
provoking the city to self-examine.
Examen
Phil 101 Midterm questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPhil 101 Midterm questions and answers 
Graded A+ 
premise -a proposition—a statement that is either true or false—used to 
provide support, evidence, or reasons to justify a conclusion 
modus ponens -If P then Q 
P 
Therefore Q 
deductive inference -a form of logical reasoning where a conclusion is 
derived from one or more premises, ensuring that if the premises are true, the 
conclusion must necessarily be true 
soundness -a property of a deductive argument that is both logically valid 
a...
Examen
PHIL 101 Midterm questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPHIL 101 Midterm questions and answers 
Graded A+ 
Which of the following epistemological theories would most likely advocate that a 
priori knowledge is possible? 
Rationalism 
Which of the following most accurately characterizes the method employed by 
Descartes in his quest for certainty? 
Proceed to see if each of his beliefs can be doubted to hopefully arrive at one or 
more beliefs that can be known to be certain and indubitable 
Which of the following epistemological theories is critical ...
Examen
phil 101 midterm questions and answers Graded A+
Nuevophil 101 midterm questions and answers 
Graded A+ 
A priori 
knowledge is something you can know without needing experience (just by 
thinking). 
Premise 
A statement used as a reason or evidence to support a conclusion. 
Modus Ponens 
A reasoning pattern where if one thing implies another, and the first thing is true, 
then the second must be true. 
Structure: If P → Q 
P 
therefore, Q 
Modus Tollens 
A reasoning pattern where if one thing implies another, and the second thing is 
false, then...
Examen
PHIL 101 Midterm Study Guide questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPHIL 101 Midterm Study Guide questions and 
answers Graded A+ 
Philosophy -Greek words Philo (meaning love) and Sophia (meaning 
wisdom) the love of wisdom. The pursuit of wisdom 
William James -Who argued for "testimony of our direct, lived 
experience." 
Plato -Who considered knowledge as coming from innate ideas? 
Heraclitus -Who said "all is change?" 
Socrates belief of the soul -The ___ is immortal, seperate from the body, 
pre-existed before our birth and exists after us.
Examen
PHIL 101 Practice Test 1 questions and answers Graded A+
NuevoPHIL 101 Practice Test 1 questions and 
answers Graded A+ 
If an argument has a false premise, it must have bad logical form. -False 
A deductive argument is one in which it is claimed that if the premises are true, 
the conclusion must be true. -True 
An unsound argument must be valid. -False 
It is always a fallacy to attack a person's character in giving an argument. - 
False 
In Plato's dialogue Thaeatetus, Thaeatetus and Socrates considered whether 
knowledge is true judgment with an ...