Structure and Function of the Body:
Chapter 1
Scientific Method - 1. Hypothesis
2. Experiment
3.Theory or Law
Hypothesis - Idea or principle to be tested in experiments
Experiment - Series of tests of a hypothesis; a controlled experiment eliminates
biases or outside influences
Theory or Law - A hypothesis that has been proved by experiments to have a high
degree of confidence
Levels of Organization - 1. Atoms and molecules
2. Cells
3. Tissues
4. Organs
5. Systems
6. Organism
Atoms and Molecules - Chemical level
, Cells - The smallest structural units; organizations of various chemicals
Tissues - Organizations of similar cells
Organs - Organizations of different kinds of tissues
Systems - Organizations of many different kinds of organs
Organism - Organization of all systems together, forming a whole body
Anatomical Position - Reference position in which the body stands erect with the
arms at the sides and palms turned forward.
This position gives meaning to directional terms.
Superior - Toward the head, upper, above
Inferior - Toward the feet, lower, below
Anterior - Front, in front of
AKA Ventral
Posterior - Back, in back of
AKA Dorsal
Medial - Toward the mid-line
Chapter 1
Scientific Method - 1. Hypothesis
2. Experiment
3.Theory or Law
Hypothesis - Idea or principle to be tested in experiments
Experiment - Series of tests of a hypothesis; a controlled experiment eliminates
biases or outside influences
Theory or Law - A hypothesis that has been proved by experiments to have a high
degree of confidence
Levels of Organization - 1. Atoms and molecules
2. Cells
3. Tissues
4. Organs
5. Systems
6. Organism
Atoms and Molecules - Chemical level
, Cells - The smallest structural units; organizations of various chemicals
Tissues - Organizations of similar cells
Organs - Organizations of different kinds of tissues
Systems - Organizations of many different kinds of organs
Organism - Organization of all systems together, forming a whole body
Anatomical Position - Reference position in which the body stands erect with the
arms at the sides and palms turned forward.
This position gives meaning to directional terms.
Superior - Toward the head, upper, above
Inferior - Toward the feet, lower, below
Anterior - Front, in front of
AKA Ventral
Posterior - Back, in back of
AKA Dorsal
Medial - Toward the mid-line
