TESTBANK forHumanLearning
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8thEdition Ormrod,CHAPTER 1 - 15
t t t t t t
, CHAPTER 1 t
PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING t t
Multiple Choice Questions
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Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime thanany
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other species on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is that:
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New instincts begin to emerge. t t t t
Human thought becomes less logical with each generation. t t t t t t t
Humans can benefit from their experiences.
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Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed in t t t t t t t t t t
terms of stimuli and responses.
t t t t t
Three of the following are examples of learning. Which one is not?
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Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble. t t t t t t t t
After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to advocate
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political practices he has previously opposed.
t t t t t t
Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact ―24 ’ 4 = 6‖ is related to the
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multiplication fact ―6 x 4 = 24.‖
t t t t t t t
David has been running away from German shepherds ever since hewas
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bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.
t t t t t t t t
Reynelda has trouble tracing a complex shape with a pencil when she is in
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t kindergarten, but she can do it quite well by the time she is in second grade. Isthis an
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t instance of learning?
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Yes, because her behavior has changed.
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No, because the circumstances are too dissimilar.
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Maybe, although the change may simply be due to t t t t t t t t
physiological maturation.
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Maybe, but only if she is being reinforced for tracing accurately. t t t t t t t t t t
2
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning t t t t t
Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be reflected in
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t a person‘s behavior. Which one of the following changes does not necessarily reflect
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t learning?
Although it‘s a school night, Dean plays video games until well past his t t t t t t t t t t t t
usual bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly difficult to
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concentrate on what he‘s doing.
t t t t t
Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparents
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immigrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a
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conversation with his grandmother, he can now describe the
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circumstances of the family‘s immigration in considerable detail.
t t t t t t t t
Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills (shooting, dribbling,
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etc.) on a basketball court at a local park. With each practice session, his
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
movements become faster and smoother.
t t t t t
Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his classwork,
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but most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own. After his teacher
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
assures him that asking for help is not a sign of weakness or inability, he
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
begins asking for help much more frequently.
t t t t t t t
t research examines learning in tightly controlled settings and t t t t t t t
t research examines learning in real-world settings. t t t t t
Applied; Basic t
Basic; Qualitative
t t
Qualitative; Applied
t t
Basic; Applied
t t
A principle of learning can best be characterized as:
t t t t t t t t
A description of the results of a particular research study
t t t t t t t t t
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
t t t t t t t t t
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a
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particular situation
t t
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
t t t t t t t t t
A theory of learning can best be characterized as:
t t t t t t t t
A description of the results of a particular research study
t t t t t t t t t
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
t t t t t t t t t
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a
t t t t t t t t t
particular situation
t t
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
t t t t t t t t t
3
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning t t t t t
Three of the following are principles of learning. Which one is a theory
t t t t t t t t t t t t
of learning rather than a principle?
t t t t t
A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.
t t t t t t t t t
People learn by making mental associations between new information
t t t t t t t t
and their existing knowledge.
t t t t
A response that is rewarded everytime it occurs increases more
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rapidly than a response that is only occasionally rewarded.
t t t t t t t t t
Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes onthe t t t t t t t t t t t t t
lecture‘s content.
t t
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the conceptof
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introspection?
t
―Where there‘s a will, there‘s a way.‖ t t t t t t
―Nothing ventured, nothing gained.‖ t t t
―A penny for your thoughts.‖ t t t t
―Old habits die hard.‖ t t t
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the basic
t t t t t t t t t t
premise underlying social learning theory?
t t t t t
―Monkey see, monkey do.‖ t t t
―Spare the rod and spoil the child.‖ t t t t t t
―A friend in need is a friend indeed.‖
t t t t t t t
―A rolling stone gathers no moss.‖ t t t t t
Which one of the following statements provides the most credible
t t t t t t t t t
explanation for the fact that human beings seem to surpass all other animal
t t t t t t t t t t t t t
species in their thinking and learning capacities?
t t t t t t t
Only human beings have the capability to make tools.
t t t t t t t t
Humans communicate regularly with one another and, in doing so, t t t t t t t t t
pass along what they‘ve learned to future generations.
t t t t t t t t
Human beings have a huge repertoire of instinctual behaviors from t t t t t t t t t
which they can draw when they encounter new experiences.
t t t t t t t t t
Human brains are smaller than those of other intelligent species (e.g., t t t t t t t t t t
elephants, dolphins) and therefore can transmit messages more quickly
t t t t t t t t t
and efficiently.
t t
4
t t t t t
8thEdition Ormrod,CHAPTER 1 - 15
t t t t t t
, CHAPTER 1 t
PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING t t
Multiple Choice Questions
t t
Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime thanany
t t t t t t t t t t t t
other species on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is that:
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
New instincts begin to emerge. t t t t
Human thought becomes less logical with each generation. t t t t t t t
Humans can benefit from their experiences.
t t t t t t
Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed in t t t t t t t t t t
terms of stimuli and responses.
t t t t t
Three of the following are examples of learning. Which one is not?
t t t t t t t t t t t
Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble. t t t t t t t t
After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to advocate
t t t t t t t t t
political practices he has previously opposed.
t t t t t t
Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact ―24 ’ 4 = 6‖ is related to the
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
multiplication fact ―6 x 4 = 24.‖
t t t t t t t
David has been running away from German shepherds ever since hewas
t t t t t t t t t t t
bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.
t t t t t t t t
Reynelda has trouble tracing a complex shape with a pencil when she is in
t t t t t t t t t t t t t
t kindergarten, but she can do it quite well by the time she is in second grade. Isthis an
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
t instance of learning?
t t
Yes, because her behavior has changed.
t t t t t
No, because the circumstances are too dissimilar.
t t t t t t
Maybe, although the change may simply be due to t t t t t t t t
physiological maturation.
t t
Maybe, but only if she is being reinforced for tracing accurately. t t t t t t t t t t
2
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning t t t t t
Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be reflected in
t t t t t t t t t t t t
t a person‘s behavior. Which one of the following changes does not necessarily reflect
t t t t t t t t t t t t
t learning?
Although it‘s a school night, Dean plays video games until well past his t t t t t t t t t t t t
usual bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly difficult to
t t t t t t t t t t t t t
concentrate on what he‘s doing.
t t t t t
Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparents
t t t t t t t t t t t
immigrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a
t t t t t t t t t t
conversation with his grandmother, he can now describe the
t t t t t t t t t
circumstances of the family‘s immigration in considerable detail.
t t t t t t t t
Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills (shooting, dribbling,
t t t t t t t t t
etc.) on a basketball court at a local park. With each practice session, his
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
movements become faster and smoother.
t t t t t
Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his classwork,
t t t t t t t t t t t
but most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own. After his teacher
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
assures him that asking for help is not a sign of weakness or inability, he
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t
begins asking for help much more frequently.
t t t t t t t
t research examines learning in tightly controlled settings and t t t t t t t
t research examines learning in real-world settings. t t t t t
Applied; Basic t
Basic; Qualitative
t t
Qualitative; Applied
t t
Basic; Applied
t t
A principle of learning can best be characterized as:
t t t t t t t t
A description of the results of a particular research study
t t t t t t t t t
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
t t t t t t t t t
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a
t t t t t t t t t
particular situation
t t
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
t t t t t t t t t
A theory of learning can best be characterized as:
t t t t t t t t
A description of the results of a particular research study
t t t t t t t t t
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
t t t t t t t t t
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a
t t t t t t t t t
particular situation
t t
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
t t t t t t t t t
3
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning t t t t t
Three of the following are principles of learning. Which one is a theory
t t t t t t t t t t t t
of learning rather than a principle?
t t t t t
A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.
t t t t t t t t t
People learn by making mental associations between new information
t t t t t t t t
and their existing knowledge.
t t t t
A response that is rewarded everytime it occurs increases more
t t t t t t t t t t
rapidly than a response that is only occasionally rewarded.
t t t t t t t t t
Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes onthe t t t t t t t t t t t t t
lecture‘s content.
t t
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the conceptof
t t t t t t t t t t t
introspection?
t
―Where there‘s a will, there‘s a way.‖ t t t t t t
―Nothing ventured, nothing gained.‖ t t t
―A penny for your thoughts.‖ t t t t
―Old habits die hard.‖ t t t
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the basic
t t t t t t t t t t
premise underlying social learning theory?
t t t t t
―Monkey see, monkey do.‖ t t t
―Spare the rod and spoil the child.‖ t t t t t t
―A friend in need is a friend indeed.‖
t t t t t t t
―A rolling stone gathers no moss.‖ t t t t t
Which one of the following statements provides the most credible
t t t t t t t t t
explanation for the fact that human beings seem to surpass all other animal
t t t t t t t t t t t t t
species in their thinking and learning capacities?
t t t t t t t
Only human beings have the capability to make tools.
t t t t t t t t
Humans communicate regularly with one another and, in doing so, t t t t t t t t t
pass along what they‘ve learned to future generations.
t t t t t t t t
Human beings have a huge repertoire of instinctual behaviors from t t t t t t t t t
which they can draw when they encounter new experiences.
t t t t t t t t t
Human brains are smaller than those of other intelligent species (e.g., t t t t t t t t t t
elephants, dolphins) and therefore can transmit messages more quickly
t t t t t t t t t
and efficiently.
t t
4
