S 290 FINAL EXAM
1. Topography can affect fuels and fire behavior in what way?
A) Only indirectly
B) Not at all
✅ C) Both directly and indirectly
D) Only during inversion layers
2. Which environmental factor is the least variable in influencing fire behavior?
A) Fuel
B) Weather
✅ C) Topography
D) Wind
3. Which form of heat transfer is least critical in spreading a wildland fire?
A) Radiation
B) Convection
✅ C) Conduction
D) Diffusion
4. What is the term for the temperature at which a fuel ignites on its own?
A) Flash point
✅ B) Ignition temperature
C) Combustion range
D) Fire threshold
5. Fireline intensity is affected by:
A) Fuel size
B) Fuel moisture
C) Fuel temperature
✅ D) All of the above
, 6. What are the two key requirements for long-range spotting?
A) Fuel load and wind
B) RH and wind
✅ C) Wind and a well-developed convection column
D) Slope and humidity
7. What is a fire that advances through the canopy called?
A) Surface fire
B) Ground fire
✅ C) Crown fire
D) Torching fire
8. A fire burns surface litter but occasionally reaches into tree crowns, producing embers.
What is this?
A) Ground fire
B) Crown fire
✅ C) Surface fire with torching and spotting
D) Smoldering fire
9. A fire spreads through the crowns and produces high, whirling flames. What is this an
example of?
✅ A) Ground fire with smoldering and flare-ups
B) Surface fire with wind
C) Conduction fire
D) Low-intensity crown fire
10. What happens to air as it sinks?
A) It cools and expands
✅ B) It increases in pressure, warms, and compresses
C) It becomes less dense
D) It causes cloud formation
11. Why do dry climates typically have colder nighttime temperatures?
A) Higher elevation
B) Less vegetation
1. Topography can affect fuels and fire behavior in what way?
A) Only indirectly
B) Not at all
✅ C) Both directly and indirectly
D) Only during inversion layers
2. Which environmental factor is the least variable in influencing fire behavior?
A) Fuel
B) Weather
✅ C) Topography
D) Wind
3. Which form of heat transfer is least critical in spreading a wildland fire?
A) Radiation
B) Convection
✅ C) Conduction
D) Diffusion
4. What is the term for the temperature at which a fuel ignites on its own?
A) Flash point
✅ B) Ignition temperature
C) Combustion range
D) Fire threshold
5. Fireline intensity is affected by:
A) Fuel size
B) Fuel moisture
C) Fuel temperature
✅ D) All of the above
, 6. What are the two key requirements for long-range spotting?
A) Fuel load and wind
B) RH and wind
✅ C) Wind and a well-developed convection column
D) Slope and humidity
7. What is a fire that advances through the canopy called?
A) Surface fire
B) Ground fire
✅ C) Crown fire
D) Torching fire
8. A fire burns surface litter but occasionally reaches into tree crowns, producing embers.
What is this?
A) Ground fire
B) Crown fire
✅ C) Surface fire with torching and spotting
D) Smoldering fire
9. A fire spreads through the crowns and produces high, whirling flames. What is this an
example of?
✅ A) Ground fire with smoldering and flare-ups
B) Surface fire with wind
C) Conduction fire
D) Low-intensity crown fire
10. What happens to air as it sinks?
A) It cools and expands
✅ B) It increases in pressure, warms, and compresses
C) It becomes less dense
D) It causes cloud formation
11. Why do dry climates typically have colder nighttime temperatures?
A) Higher elevation
B) Less vegetation
